1、Complain v. 抱怨，申诉The buyer complained of the delay in shipment.Our users have complained to us about the damage of the goods.They complained that our shipment was not up to the agreed specifications. Complaint n. 抱怨，申诉；诉讼The importer has filed/made a complaint with/against our Corporation against po
2、or packing of the goods.Claim1. 声称，断言 （to declare, to state, to state as a fact）He claimed to be a professional accountant.The terrorist claimed to be responsible for the suicide bombing.2. 要求应得的权利；索取We reserve the right to claim compensation from you for any damage.With the commercial invoices(商业发票
3、 ), bills of lading（提货单）and insurance certificates（保险凭证） , you can claim the goods on a D/P basis. 3. 索赔We claim on the shipping company for recovery of the loss.Settle v.1. 处理，决定 settle the claim 理赔2. 支付，结算 settle the account/invoice。结账Settlement n. 解决，和解， 结算，清算；清偿，偿付Settlement of claim 理赔Settlemen
4、t of account 结账Transfer v./ n. 转移，转让；转账，汇划Transfer of technology 技术转让Mail transfer （M/T ） 信汇Telegraphic transfer （T/T ）电汇Your enquiry has been transferred to sales department for attention（处理） . 你的询盘已转交销售部处理。Recommend v. 推荐；建议；劝告They request Jim to recommend some goods that suits the European market
5、.他们请吉姆推荐一些适合欧洲市场的商品。They recommend that we try the African market.他们建议我们试一下非洲市场。We recommend him to buy a small quantity for trial.我们劝他买少量试用。Recommendation n. 介绍，推荐On the recommendation of China Council, we have learned that you are one of the representative importers of chinaware.经中国领事介绍，获悉你们是中国陶瓷产
6、品的有的进口商品之一。establish vt.建立，使接受，确定We hope to establish friendly business relations with you.我们希望能和贵方建立友好的业务关系。well-established adj.公认的，已站稳脚跟的We have learned from the Web that you are a well-established exporter of Chinese Arts and crafts.通过网络获悉，你们公司是一家口碑不错的中国工艺产品的出口商。handle 经营（某种或某类商品）This shop handl
7、es paper and stationery.这家商店经营纸张和文具。表示“经营”的说法还有 deal in, trade in, be in the line 等。This shop deals in paper and stationary.This ship trades in paper and stationary.to trade with sb. 同某人做生意This shop is in the line of paper and stationary.Deal v. 1. 做生意 we have dealt with the company for many years.W
8、e deal in goods of all kinds. 2. 处理，对待 attend to, treat It is not easy to deal with them.3. 和有关(be concerned with)The report deals with the fashion market.line n. 行业；货色；（货品）种类；货物We have been in the garment line for many years.我们经营服装已有多年了。Their chief line is the export of chemical products.他们主要经营出口化工
9、商品。Market(1) n. 市场，销路，需求bond market 债券市场financial market 金融市场a. to be in the market (for) sth. 有意购买，准备购买We are in the market for wool.我们有意购买羊毛。b. come to the market 上市，待销We will contact you as soon as the new crop comes to the market.一俟当年收成上市，我们定将和贵方联系。c. find a market 找销路We are trying to find a mar
10、ket for this article.我们正在努力为此项商品找销路。Good (poor, no) market 畅销（滞销，无销路）There is a good (a poor, no) market for these articles.这些商品畅销（滞销，无销路） 。（2）v. 销售，推销We will try to market this product at our end if you allow us a 5% commission. 如贵方给佣金 5%，我方愿在我地设法推销这一商品。Marketing n. 推销，销售学Sell v. 销售How much do you
11、sell this for?The shirt sells for/at US$ 50 a dozen.This article sells well in Europe.Dont sell clothes, sell style, attractiveness, and shaper image.Sale. n. 销售，销售额This house is for sale.Clearance sale 清仓大甩卖Sale or return 未售出可退货Export sales 出口销售额Seller n. 卖主，行销货A best seller 畅销品，畅销书A sellers market
12、 买房市场Compare v. 比较，对照Their products cannot compare with ours in quality.Comparison n. 比较In comparison with 同 比较In comparison with other suppliers products ours are much better. By comparison 比较起来By comparison, the buyer found the advantage of our products over others. Comparative a.比较的Comparative ad
13、vantage 比较优势；比较利益Compete v. 竞争Compete with yourself first.Banks compete over interest rates.We are ready to compete with any producer.Competition n. The purpose of competition is not to beat someone down, but to bring out the best in every player.Every exporter will face keen competition in the new
14、market.Competitive a.有竞争力的Our prices are highly competitive. Competitiveness 竞争力Competitor n.竞争者Credit n.1. 信任，信誉；荣誉；称赞Their credit is good and they will pay us the money in time.Good service is a credit to your company.He claimed all the credit for himself and shifted all the blame onto others.2. 信
15、用贷款，赊欠； To buy goods on credit 赊欠购货Credit card （银行等为客户赊购货物出具的）信用卡，赊购卡 a card from a bank etc. authorizing the obtaining of goods on credit3 贷款数额The bank refused further credits to the company. 银行拒绝再向这家公司提供贷款。4. （登记帐目）贷记，贷方记录；贷方；an entry on the right-hand side or column side of an account recording a
16、 payment received To enter/place/put a sum to ones credit 讲一笔款项计入某人贷方Credit vt. 记入贷方We have credited this amount to your account.Debit n. (in bookkeeping 在簿记中) an entry in the left-hand side or column of an account recording a sum owed 借项，记入借方的款项；借记数；借方 v. 1. 把 数额记入借方+against sb： enter (an account)
17、on the debit side of an account e.g. debited $500 agianst me 把 500 美元记入我的借方账上 2. 记入某人账户的借方 sb+with Debit me with $500. 在我的账户的借方机上 500 美元。Debit card (购物等时的 )借方卡 a card allowing the holder to transfer money from one bank account to another via a computer terminal when making a purchase etc.Account n.1
18、. 帐，账目 a statement of income and expenditureCurrent (capital account) 经常（资本）项目An open (a closed) account 未结清（结清）账目The additional charge will be for your account.Account payable 应付款Account receivable 应付款2. 理由 reasonWe cannot accept fresh orders on account of heavy sales.3. 考虑 takeinto accountprice is
19、 not the only factor: you have to take the quality into account.Of no(little) account 不重要Account v.1. 解释 we cannot account for the delay.2. 占（多少数量、百分比）textiles account for 22% of our exports.Reference n. 参考；谈到；谈及；查询；（资信）证明人A copy of our feasibility study report will be sent to you for your reference
20、.我们将寄送一份可行性研究报告供贵方参考。Reference is made to your letter of January 4.兹提及贵方 1 月 4 日的来信。Will you kindly send us the names of firms or banks to whom reference can be made.请告知公司或银行的名称，以便向他们查询资信情况Their reference is the Bank of Switzerland.瑞士银行是他们的资信证明人。with (in) reference to 关于refer to 谈及；参照；将交由某人办理；请某人与接洽
21、We refer to your letter of May 12.兹谈及贵方 5 月 12 号来信。We refer the matter to you.我们将此事交由贵方办理。Your enquiry for stationary has been referred to us for attention.贵方对文具的询盘已交我方办理。As to canned fruits, we wish to refer you to our Shanghai Branch.关于水果罐头，请与我们上海分公司联系。Item n. 项目；商品；产品Please check the items in thi
22、s bill.请逐项核对账单。Electronic face cleaner is a new product of ours, we are trying to find a market for this item.电子洗面器是我们的一种新产品，我们正努力为其开拓市场。Our former needs for these items were mainly met by imports.以前这些商品主要是通过进口来满足要求。辨析：（1） merchandise . 商品，货物， （特种）制品approved merchandise (海关)放行、通过商品general merchandis
23、e 杂货returned merchandise 退货（2） commodity n. 商品，物品，物质，产物daily commodity 日用品，必需品marketable commodity 易销商品，试销品shortage of commodity 物质缺乏，短缺商品interest n. 1. 兴趣，We have (feel, take) no interest in cotton piece goods.我们对纯棉布匹不感兴趣。2. 利益（复数较普通） ； This suggestion is made in the interest of all parties concern
24、ed.这个建议是照顾各有关利益而提出的。3. 权益；股份；The group has a large interest in this department store.该集团在这家百货公司有大量股份。4. 利益集团，拥有股份的人（usu pl.）banking interests 银行界The financial interests of Britain are chiefly centered in London.5. 利息；The interest insured is valued at US$19500.此货按 19500 美元投保。annual interest 年利credit
25、interest 存息interest v. 引起的兴趣我们最多出价每打 12 美元，如果高于这个价格，我们没有兴趣。We are not interested at more than US$ 12 per dozen, which is, in fact, the best price we can pay.Sample n. 样品sample book 样本counter sample 对等样品，回样The importer took/drew a sample of the toy bear.进口商对玩具熊进行抽样。We have forwarded you by airmail 2-
26、pound sample of this material .已空邮给贵方 2 磅原料样品。Refer v. 谈到，谈及；参考；提交；参阅We refer to our fax of yesterday.兹提及我方对图样的意见，请参阅我方 10 月 25 日信。We referred then to our sales representatives for further particulars.有关进一步详情，请他们与我方销售代表联系。enquiry (inquiry) n. 询价，询盘（后接商品时和 for 连用）We are pleased to have your enquiry f
27、or our iron nails.很高兴收到贵方对我们铁钉的询盘。In reply to your enquiry of April 25, we are sending you herewith our latest price list for your reference.此复贵方 4 月 25 日询盘，随函附上我方最新价目表一份供贵方参考。make an enquiry about sth. 询问某事specific enquiry 具体询盘general enquiry 一般询盘enquire (inquire) v. 询问，询购We thank you for your fax
28、of March 12 enquiring for carpets.感谢贵方 3 月 12 日对地毯的传真询盘。variety n. 种种a variety of 各种不同的，种种As we handle a large variety of light industrial products, we cannot offer without specific enpuiry.由于我们经营的轻工产品种类很多，没有具体的询盘难以报盘。various adj. 各种的various kinds of 各种各样的，各种不同的Fir various reasons we have delayed re
29、plying to your proposal.由于种种原因，我们未及时回复你们的建议。“different” simply means “not the same”, whereas “various” gives emphasis to “the quality of not being the same at all times”.eg various brandsconform 使一致，使符合，遵照To conform to the stipulations of the L/C, well open the L/C in time without fail.遵照信用证规定，我们将及时
30、无误地开出信用证。The quality of the consignment must conform to the sample confirmed by both sides.此批货物的质量必须和双方确认的样品一样。In conformance with 与相一致，进出口业务中很强调“单单（单据与单据之间）一致” 、 “单证（装运单据与信用证之间）一致”以及信用证和合同之间一致，故此短语常用。And in the meantime, please see to it that the L/C stipulations are in the strict conformity with t
31、hose of the Confirmation to avoid subsequent amendments of discrepancies in the L/C. 同时请注意来证条款应和售货确认书条款完全一致，以避免事后对信用证的差错（不符点）进行修改。discount n. 折扣，减价；贴现The highest discount we can allow (give, make, grant) on this article is 10%.我们对这种商品最多打九折。The rate of discount in Tokyo is 5% at present.目前东京的贴现率是 5%。
32、at a discount 低于正常价格；不受欢迎，得不到重视Many articles are being sold at a discount.许多商品正在以低于正常的价格出售。appreciate v. 感谢，感激（后接名词或动名词作宾语） ；理解，体会；涨价，增值We highly appreciate your kind cooperation.非常感谢你们的密切合作。We shall appreciate your giving this matter your prompt attention.我们将感谢贵方对此事给予即刻重视。We shall appreciate it if
33、you will send us a sample book by air immediately.如贵方立即空邮一样品本，我方将不胜感激。“We shall appreciate it if you will”是外贸信函中常见的句子，比“please”更客气一些。We hope you will appreciate our position.希望贵方能理解我们的处境。We fully appreciate your anxiety that shipment should be made as soon as possible.我方完全理解贵方急切希望将货物尽早装运。The price h
34、as appreciated.价格已涨。U.S. dollar has appreciated in terms of Japanese Yen.美元对日元升值了。note vt. 注意到，得悉（often followed by an object clause）一般与 learn 或 understand 通用，在意义上接近于 know, 用在书信中显得郑重。在口语中常用 know。Catalogue n.商品目录单页的商品说明称为 leaflet。常见的宣传商品的材料还有：brochure/ pamphlet 商品小册子illustrated catalogue 带有插图或照片的商品目录
35、supply n.供应，供应的商品表示具体的概念时，单、复数均可；表示抽象的概念或用于习语时，常用单数。The goods are out of supply. (The goods are in short supply.)该商品已无货可供。 （该商品供应短缺）=The item is out of stock now. 此商品目前缺货。Stock n. 1. 现货，存货A large stock of goods Stock offers are a touch-and-go kind of things.Please order at once as our stock will soo
36、n be cleared.out of stock 缺货take stock 盘点2. 股票The company will issue new stocks.Common stock 普通股Preferred stock 优先股They require further supply/supplies of peanut.他们还要花生。 （要求继续供货）Supply now exceeds demand on our market.我们市场上供过于求。supply v. 供应，供货We can supply all kinds of leather handbags to you.We can
37、 supply you with all kinds of leather handbags.我们可以向贵方供应各式各样的皮包。We are in a position to supply the items enquired for from stock. 我们可以现货供应所询购的商品。Be (not) in a position to do sth. (没)有能力做 We are not in a position to further reduce our price.我方实在无法再进一步降价。To supply from stock 供应现货Confirm vt.1. 证实，肯定The
38、 speculation of the dollars devaluation was confirmed by the Central Bank. 2. 确认，保兑We confirm receipt of (having received) your fax of the 10th of August. Confirmed letter of credit 保兑信用证quote v. 1.报价to quote sb. a price for sth.= quote sb. for sth. at (a price)Please quote your lowest price CIF Tor
39、onto.请向贵方成本加保险加运费多伦多最低价。Please quote us for Printed Shirting FOB Shanghai.对于印花细布，请向我方报上海离岸价。Please quote us your lowest price for walnut meat.请向我方报核桃仁的最低价。2. 上市After 3 years of trading, the company is now quoted on the stock exchange.3. 引用He quoted from the annual report to support his arguments.Quo
40、te n. 报价（单）We will send you quotes and samples.Quotation n. 报价（单） ，估价（单）Your quotations are too high to be workable.Subject v. 征服，1. Subject sb. to sth. 使某人经历或遭受某事All quotations are subject to change without notice.2. sth. be subject to (报盘中常用)以为准，以为有效We offer you, subject to our final confirmation,
41、 the following goods:我们向贵方做下列商品报盘，以我方最后确认为准。We are making you the following firm offer, subject to your acceptance before 12 a.m. Aug. 5 Beijing time.我们向贵方保下列实盘，一你放在八月五日北京时间上午12 时前接受为有效。Inclusive n. 包括的This price is inclusive of your commission of 3%.本价格含贵方 3%的佣金。Exclusive 独家的独家代理 exclusive agency独家
42、报道 exclusive reportplace v. 置于于境地，订购If you cannot effect shipment in time, you will place us in an awkward position.若贵方不能如期装运，将使我方处于尴尬的境地。If your price is competitive, we shall be glad to place a substantial order with you.如果贵方价格有竞争力的话，我们将向贵方大量订购。offer n./v. 提议，提出；报盘名词 offer 于动词 make, send, give, ca
43、ble 等连用，后接介词 for, of 或 on, 接 for 最普遍，接 on 较少。买方提及卖方的报盘时，接 of 为好。Please make us an offer CIF London for 20 metric tons peanuts.请给我们一个 20 公吨花生伦敦到岸价的报盘。Firm offer 实盘Non-firm offer (offer without engagement or obligation)虚盘Lump offer 综合报盘This is a lump offer; you must accept all or none.动词 offer 可以做不及物动
44、词，也可做及物动词，宾语可以是人也可以是物，还可以是双宾语。For quantities of 2 tons and over, we offer a discount of 12%.We will offer as soon as possible.我们将尽快发盘。We offer 200 metric tons Bitter Apricot Kernels at USD 280 FOB Tianjin for prompt shipment.兹报苦杏仁 200 公吨，即期装船，每公吨天津离岸价 280美元。We can offer you various kinds of Cotton P
45、iece Goods.我们可向贵方报盘各种棉织品。Price n. 价格The price varies according to the quality.Business is possible, if you can reduce(cut/lower) your price by 10%.The prices we quote are without engagement/subject to our final confirmation(无约束力/以我方确认为准). Prices advance over 50%Wheat has hit its lowest price in the
46、decade.Modifiers of price:1. attractive, acceptable, competitive, convincing, favourable, in line with the market, low, practical, realistic, reasonable, tempting, workable.2. on the high side, out of the line with the market, unreasonable, unworkable, prohibitive, excessive, fabulous, high, impract
47、icable, infeasible,3. price is looking up (running high, strengthening, rising, tending upward, has shot up; dropping, falling, has dipped, has downsided, tending downward, leveling off 稳定)4. average price 平均价bargain price 廉价spot(forward) price 现（期货）价cash price 现款价opening(closing) price 开（收）盘价ceilin
48、g (floor) price 最高（低）价current (ruling) price 现行价price v. 定价（ to fix a price）we have priced our new product at $5. in reply 此复（多用于句首）In reply, we regret we cannot do business on you conditions.我们不能按照你们的条件进行交易，此复。This is in reply to your letter of July 16.兹复 7 月 16 日来函。In reply to your enquiry of 25th
49、 July, we are sending you today a copy of price list.兹复贵方 7 月 25 日的询价，我们已于今天寄出价目表一份。as follows (= as what follows) 如下这是一习惯用语，不论前面的主语是单数或复数都用 as follows。It is as follows： 如下The fax reads as follows: 传真如下：Our prices are as follows: 我们的价格如下：inform v. 通知，告诉Please inform us of the market situation at your end(地方).请告诉你地市场情况。Please inform us what quantity you can purchase per year.请告知每年可购买的数量。Please be informed that we have already sent the samples required.兹通知贵方，我们已将所需样品寄出。We hope you will keep us informed of the market condition in your area.希望随时报道你地的
