1、下面有一句顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”（ 一主二宾三不变.）。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：She said. “My brother wants to go with me. ”She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称。 如：He said to Kate. “How i
2、s your sister now?”He asked Kate how her sister was then.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化。 如：Mr Smith said。 “Jack is a good worker。”Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。直引若是一般问，变间 ifwhether 连。语序变为陈述式，时态人称相应变。直引若是特殊问，疑问词连接记心间。其余问题挺简单，一切只当一般问。直引若是祈使句，谓语动词挺要紧。 toldaskedorder
3、ed,根据口气来选定。告诉人、请人、命令人，后跟 to do sth.。若是否定祈使句 ,not to do 后边行。直接引语变间接引语练习题1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.”2She said: “He will be busy.”3She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”6The teacher said to the students, “Dont
4、 waste your time.”7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”9My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”10The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”11He said, “We are still students.12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”13The enginee
5、r said, “I was at college in 1967.”14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.16Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”17He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.18She said, “He
6、demanded that the girl leave at once.”19I said to him, “I have finished it.”20She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.”21“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.22“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily. 23“Light travel
7、s faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 24“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.25“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.直接引语变间接引语专练题（二）.单项选择1. He asked _ for the computer.A. did I pay how much B. I paid how muchC. how
8、much did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _.A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the filmC. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. He _ me _ the window.A. said to; to close B. told to; closingC.
9、 asked ; to close D. said to; please close4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said _.A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacherC. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _- very naughty.A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the
10、 boy isC. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was6. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked.She asked _.A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got wellC. have I already got well D. had I already got well.7. He asked , “ Are you a Pa
11、rty member or a League member?”He asked me _.A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member.8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _.A. how am I getting al
12、ong B. how are you getting alongC. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along9. He asked me _ with me.A. what the matter is B. what the mater wasC. whats the matter D. what was the matter10. He said, “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again.A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; dont doC.
13、 told me; dont do D. told me; not to do附答案：1 He told me that he had left his book in his room.2 She said that he would be busy.3 She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5 The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6 The teacher told the students n
14、ot to waste their time.7 The mother asked Tom to get up early.8 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9 My father said practice makes perfect.10 The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.11 He said they are still students.12 He told me that he was born in 1978.13 The engineer
15、said he was at college in 1967.14 He said he had studied English since he was a boy.15 She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.16 Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.17 He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.18 She s
16、aid he demanded that the girl leave at once.19 I told him I had finished it.20 She told us she would come here tomorrow21 The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.22 The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.23 The physics teache
17、r told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.24 Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.25 The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.答案与简析：1. D 宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 2. D 一般疑问句要变成 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句. 3. C 直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引语时, 主句中的谓语
18、动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用 ask (请求), tell (告诉 ), order (命令), invite (邀请), warn (警告), advise (建议)等, 而直接引语中的谓语动词要变成动词不等式。即 ask/tell/order/invite/warn/advise sb. (not) to do sth. 4. D 直接引语为陈述句, 变间接引语时用 that 引导(口语中常省略)。 5. C 6. B 反意疑问句要变成 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句。7. C 选择疑问句要变成 whether 或 if引导的宾语从句。8. C 直接引语为特殊疑问句, 变间接引
19、语时, 用特殊疑问词引导, 并将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。9. D 注意时态的一致。What 作主语，the matter（=wrong）作表语。10. D 直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引语时, 主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用。.I. 请选出正确的答案： 1. “Youve already got well， havent you？” she asked.She asked _.A. if I have already got well， hadnt you B. whether I had already got wellC. have I already got well D.
20、had I already got well.2. He asked ， “ Are you a Party member or a League member？”He asked me _.A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member.3. He asked， “How are yo
21、u getting along？” He asked _.A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting alongC. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along4. He asked me _ with me.A. what the matter is B. what the mater wasC. whats the matter D. what was the matter5. He said， “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again
22、.A. said to me； not to do B. said to me； dont doC. told me； dont do D. told me； not to do6. Can you make sure _？A. that he will come here today B. when he will come here todayC. will he come here today D. whether will he come here today7. Do you happen to know _？A. where is her address B. in which p
23、lace is her addressC. what her address is D. the place her address is8. Excuse me， but can you tell me _？A. where can I get to the library B. where I can get to the libraryC. how can I get to the library D. how I can get to the library9. John asked me _ to visit his uncles farm with him.A. how would
24、 I like B. if or not would I likeC. whether I would like D. which I would like10. Id like to know _ Chinese.A. when he began to learn B. when did he begin to learnC. when did he begin learning D. for how long he began to learn II. 将下列句子变为间接引语： 1. “You should be more careful next time，” his father sa
25、id to him.2. Mr. Wang said， “I will leave for Shanghai on business next month， children”3. “I havent heard from my parents these days，” said Mary.4. The geography teacher said to us， “The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round the sun.”5. She said to him， “Its time that you left here.”
26、6. Zhang Hong said to me， “Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.”7. John said to his parents， “I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.”8. The history teacher said to them， “The Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st ，1921.”9. He said， “Are you a student？”10. “Have you anything i
27、nteresting I can read， George？” she said.11. “Shes here to ask for help， isnt she？” he asked.12. “Where are you going？” the father asked his son.13. “Are you sorry for what you have done？” the mother asked the naughty boy.14. She said， “Did you meet this man at the station two hours ago， Mr. Li？”15.
28、 “Write your names on your papers first，” the teacher said to us.16. “Please come here again tomorrow，” her friend said to her.17. “Let me pack the parcel for you，” he said.18. “Dont make so much noise in class， boys and girls，” said the teacher.19. “What a lovely day it is！”20. “Happy New Year to y
29、ou！” he said.III. 把下列句子变为直接引语： 1. I told him that I had lost my money and that I would find it.2. She asked whether I would be free the next day or not.3. I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day.4. His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat.5. T
30、he stranger asked me what my name was.6. She said that she would finish her work the next day.7. The teacher asked if we could do it.8. The commander ordered his men not to cross the river before dawn.9. My teacher asked whether he was coming.10. The scientist asked me what I was doing.答案I. 15 B C C
31、 D D 610 A C D C AII. 1. His father told him that he should be more careful the next time.2. Mr. Wang told the children that he would leave for Shanghai on business the next month.3. Mary said that she hadnt heard from her parents those days.4. The geography teacher told us that the moon moves aroun
32、d the earth and the earth goes round the sun.5. She told him that it was time that he left there.6. Zhang Hong told me that Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.7. John told his parents that he had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.8. The history teacher told them that the Chinese Communi
33、st Party was founded on July 1st， 1929. He asked whether I was a student.10. She asked George if he had anything interesting she could read.11. He asked whether she was there to ask for help or not.12. The father asked his son where he was going.13. The mother asked the naughty boy if he was sorry f
34、or what he had done.14. She asked Mr. Li whether he had met that man at the station two hours before.15. The teacher told us to write our names on our papers first.16. Her friend asked her to go there again the next/ following day.17. He offered to pack the parcel for me.18. The teacher told the boy
35、s and girls not to make so much noise in class.19. He/ She exclaimed that it was really a lovely day.20. He wished me a Happy New Year.III. 1. I said to him， “I have lost my money . I will find it.”2. She asked ， “ You will be free tomorrow， wont you？”3. I asked her， “Where are you going and what ar
36、e you going to do tomorrow？”4. His father said， “Dont climb this high tree in your new coat.”5. The stranger asked， “ Whats your name？”6. “Ill finish my work tomorrow，” she said.7. The teacher asked， “Can you do it ？”8. The commander ordered his men， “Dont cross the river before dawn.”9. My teacher
37、asked， “Is he coming？”10. The scientist asked me， “What are you doing？”直接引语就是直接引用别人的话，并把它放在引号内；间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话，不加引号。直接引语变成间接引语时，间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。1. 直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法如果直接引语是陈述句，在变为间接引语时，由连词 that 引导（在口语中 that 常省略）。主句中如果有say to somebody （对某人说），通常变为 t
38、ell somebody （告诉某人）。 He said, “I get on well with people here.”He said that he got on well with people there. Susan said, “We can finish the work tomorrow.”Susan said that they could finish the work the next day. John said to me, “I told her all about it three days ago.” John told me that he had tol
39、d her all about it three days before. 【提醒注意】如果直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，变为间接引语时，第一个宾语从句前的 that 有时可省略，但第二个宾语从句前的 that 不可省略。He said, “I like swimming and I want to go swimming with you.”He said (that) he liked swimming and that he wanted to go swimming with us. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句变为间接引语的方法直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词 whet
40、her 或 if 引导，同时把原来的疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。主句中的谓语动词是 said 时，要改为 asked，没有间接宾语时，还可根据具体情况加一个间接宾语，如 me, us, him 等。The teacher said, “Will you be back toda y?”The teacher asked (him) if (whether) he would be back that day. He asked, “Has the bell rung?”He asked if / whether the bell had rung. “Shall (Should) I tell
41、her your telephone number?” he asked me. （表示询问、征求意见）He wanted to know if （whether） he should tell her my telephone number. 【 提醒注意】 “Would you like to.?”和“Would you please.?” 表示的是请求，变为间接引语时，常用动词不定式形式。 “Would you like to help me with my lessons?” she asked me. She asked me to help her with her lessons
42、.3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句变为间接引语的方法直接引语如果是特殊疑问句（即 what, which, who, whom, whose, how, why, when, where, how many, how long 等引导的疑问句），变为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导，但要把原来的疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。 He asked, “Who can carry the box?” He asked who could carry the box. (who 作主语，语序不变) He asked, “Who is the man near the window?”He asked who t
43、he man near the window was.（who 作表语，要改为陈述句语序） “Which one do you like best here?” he asked her.He asked her which one she liked best there.“How shall (should) I read the book?” she asked. （表示征询意见）She wanted to know how she should read the book.4、直接引语是祈使句变间接引语的方法。直接引语是祈使句，如果变为间接引语，其间接引语应为“tell(ask/ord
44、er/beg 等) sb(not) to do sth”例如: 1) “Be careful with your writing,” the teacher said to me. The teacher told me to be careful with my writing. 2) “Dont take off your coats,” she said to the children. She told the children not to take off their coats. 5、时态变化 要根据主句中的谓语动词时态调整宾语从句中谓语动词的时态如果主句中的谓语动词是现在时,宾
45、语从句中谓语动词的时态可以不变;如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,则从句谓语动词的时态要变为相应的过去时态例如: 1) He said, “ I get up early every morning.” He said that he got up early every morning. (一般现在时一般过去时) 2) She said, “I am working on a homework project.” She said she was working on a homework project. (现在进行时过去进行时) 3) She said, “ I met my friend
46、 in the street.” She said that she had met her friend in the street. (一般过去时过去完成时) 注意在下面几种情况下 ,从句中谓语动词的时态可以保持不变 : 1) 直接引语叙述的是科学真理客观事实格言等例如: “The moon moves round the earth,” the teacher said to the students. The teacher told the students that the moon moves round the earth. 2) 直接引语中有明确的不受语境限制的过去时间状语例如: “John went to Paris by air in 1985,” Jack said.
