1、句子的构成,基本句型,主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 主语+不及物动词+（其他成分） 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补,句子成分,主语 谓语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语同位语,I told my best friend Tom to pick me up at the airport., 主语, 谓 语, 定语, 宾 语, 同位语, 状 语, 宾 语 补 足 语,主语,Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight
2、. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true.,谓语,简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成I saw the flag on the top of the hill?He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词;He can speak English wellShe hasnt received the e-mail yet.,表语,在系动词后的部分就是表语 常见的系动词有:be
3、 (am,is,are,were,was), appear, seem,feel, smell, taste, sound, look,get, grow, keep, turn, become, come,go ,remain，etc.The apple tastes sweet.,The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. Im not quite myself today. Who was the first? He is out of condition. The book is what I nee
4、d.,宾语,宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人. He gave me some books., 间接 宾语, 直接 宾语, Please pass me the book. He bought me some flowers. I like my job. I love you. He wanted to leave here. They enjoyed playing computer games. I didnt know when to switch the machine off. She wondered why Jim was so angry with he
5、r.,宾语补足语,We must keep it a secret. I found the book interesting. Please keep the dog out. Please make yourself at home. She asked me to lend her a hand. Do you smell something burning? She had an arm broken in the accident. He made himself known to them.,主动语态变成被动语态后, 宾语补足语变成主补.,I last saw him playin
6、g near the river.,He was seen playing near the river.,The teacher caught the student cheating in the exam.,The student was caught cheating in the exam.,We elected him monitor.,He was elected monitor.,He pushed the door open.,The door was pushed open.,定语,He is a clever boy. His father works in a stee
7、l work. There are 54students in our class. Do you known Bettys sister? He bought some sleeping pills. There is a sleeping baby in bed. His spoken language is good. I met a friend on my way home.,(形容词),(名词),(数词),(名词的所有格),(动名词),(现在分词),(过去分词),(副词),The girl in red is his sister. （介词短语） We have a lot of
8、work to do. （不定式短语） The girl standing under the tree is his sister.（现在分词短语） The bridge built only one year ago is broken. Do you know the man who spoke just now?(从句),状语,用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或句子.可表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,伴随,条件,程度,让步,频率等. I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was l
9、ate because he got up late. He got up so late that I missed the train.,I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died,leaving him an orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness. He always comes late to sch
10、ool.,基本句型,主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 主语+不及物动词+其他成分 (主谓) 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（主谓双宾） 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补,简单句的五种形式,S + P I am astonished. S + V Albert Einsteins name never dies. The book sells well. S + V + O Raga likes sports, gardening and playing the drums. S + V + o + O Can you tell me the way to the st
11、ation? S + V + O + C We call him a walking dictionary.,He went. He went there. He went there yesterday. He went there to see his mother yesterday. He went there to see his mother ill in hospitalby bike yesterday.,Exercises:分析句子结构,You are a student. He felt happy today. What you said made me happy. C
12、ould you give me some advice on how to learn English well? After he finished his homework, he went away. He likes pop music.,I stayed awake until 11:30 one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. Anne named her diary kitty because she thought it was her best friend.,Time
13、 flies fast. There will be a good meal for us at our aunts. The rive rose ten feet in the night. I heard him shout. He bought some sweets for his son. I prefer my coffee hot. Dont worry about me; just take care of yourself. You can rely on him to do anything that is necessary. A lot of noise is goin
14、g on outside. The little girl can dress herself now. It was a pity that you didnt watch that wonderful match. I felt my heart beat rapidly. Do you want to come to the party? We should do something to help the students in difficulties. How long have you worked in the hospital?,三、自我测试 1、选择题。 1. She tr
15、ied hard, but she still couldnt make us _ our mind.A. to change B. changed C. change D. changing 2. When the old lady is alone in the house, her dog makes her feel _ and relaxed.A. healthy B. lonely C. safe D. angry,3. As Edison grew _, he never lost his interest in science.A. the elder B. elder C.
16、the older D. older4. Its not polite to stand by and looked at the old man _.A. is made fun of B. being made fun of C. is made fun D. being made fun5. The old movie reminded them _ the wonderful time they had spent together. A. to B. for C. in D. of6. Id like to _ your essay with you when you have ti
17、me.A. go over B. go by C. go for D. go after,7. The report showed us very clearly how the plane got _ and crashed in the end. A. into control B. within control C. out of control D. under control8. Most of the machines in the workshop _ next month. A. are repaired B. have been repaired C. were repair
18、ed D. will be repaired9. When applying for a job, you have to _ a resume. A. get off B. hand in C. put out D. take away10.The wine _ a little bitter this time. A. tastes B. sounds C. looks D. feels,11. The boss told his secretary to _ the documents for later use.A. put away B. turn on C. make up D.
19、break out12. We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A. bear B. put C. place D. print13. If I work in a small factory; it is not _ for me to gain much experience.A. weekly B. friendly C. likely D. lively 14. The villagers have offered much help to us and we think we should do
20、 something for them _.A. in return B. in place C. in fashion D. in danger,15. According to the time table，the train for Beijing _at 9:10 p.m. from Monday to Friday.A. was leaving B. is leaving C. leaves D. has left16. _ is quite difficult for Mary to pass the interview.A. What B. This C. That D. It
21、17. Mr. Black is looking forward to _ his Chinese partner soon.A. seeing B. see C. be seeing D. have seen18. I tried hard, but I couldnt find the _ to the problem.A. solution B. help C. reply D. demand,19. English, they have to study a second foreign language.A. Except B. Except for C. Beside D. Bes
22、ides20. She gave up her _ as a reporter at the age of 25. A. career B. interest C. life D. habit21. This morning when I was walking to my office, I _ to see an old friend of mine near the office building.A. occurred B. happened C. managed D. settled22. _ writing a letter to the manager, he decided t
23、o talk to him in person.A. Due to B. Because of C. As for D. Instead of,23. It will only take me a minute to get your watch fixed; it will be ready _. A. by the way B. right away C. at last D. in that case24. As far as Im concerned, I dont like _ in that way.A. to be treated B. to treat C. treated D
24、. treating25. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find _difficult to succeed in language learning.A. them B. themselves C. it D. itself,26. Only when we hurried to the airport _the flight was cancelled. A. we found B. did we find C. have we found D. we have found27. T
25、his novel is worth reading, because it gives a detailed description of the historical _ in 1949.A. accidents B. cases C. events D. things28. _, a friend of Mrs. Black found the watch she had lost two days before.A. Especially B. Usually C. Generally D. Fortunately29. The newspaper _ two people were
26、killed in the accident. A. says B. talks C. calls D. asks,30. He said, “I _ a lot of new words by the end of last year.”A. had already learnt B. would have already learnt C. have already learnt D. already learnt31. She told us briefly about how they succeeded in _ the new product. A. develop B. to d
27、evelop C. developed D. developing32. The father was delighted to hear the child _ that.A. to say B. to have said C. say D. said 33. Its reported that the police are _ the area for the criminal. A. processing B. searching C. operating D. handling,34. The general manager sat there, _ to the report fro
28、m each department.A. to listen B. listen C. being listened D. listening 35. The manager showed the new employee _ to find the supplies. A. what B. where C. that D. which36. No one has been able to prove that fish is better for the brain than many other kinds of food.A. some B. so C. as D. any,37. Ma
29、ry found _ extremely difficult to pass the examination. A. it B. this C. that D. What38. More and more Chinese people are _ wildlife conservation and environmental protection.A. certain of B. concerned about C. capable of D. crazy about39. We now know that about _ all the kinds of seaweed are animal
30、s.A. one fourth B. one fourth of C. one four of D. the one fourth40. Scientists could see many things that most people would _ to see.A. feel B. fail C. fall D. fill41. The nurse took _ of my blood to test.A. an example B. an instance C. a case D. a sample42. Large and powerful, the atmosphere consi
31、sts of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles .A. high B. higher C. highly D. height43. The sales department was required to _ a plan in three weeks.A. turn up B. get up C. come up with D. put up with,2.用所给动词的正确形式填空： I wondered why the boy often avoided (talk) _ with his classmates.Although John was no
32、t experienced in business, he did it with (confident) _. There was a stranger (stand) _ at the door.The main benefit of (work) _ with the company is the opportunity to travel abroad.It is well-known that sports will (strength) _ the friendship between nations.It was (luck) _indeed for Mr. Fox to hav
33、e changed his flight and arrived (safe)_.Mark was a little upset, for the manager didnt allow him (take) _ _ his holiday the following week. .,talking,confidence,standing,working,strengthen,lucky,safely,to take,2.用所给动词的正确形式填空：I dont mind (have) _ a dog in the house so long as its clean and it doesnt
34、 smell.He wanted the letter(mail) _at once.It is difficult for a (foreign) _ to learn Chinese.On hearing the good news that our new products sold well in the market, we all got _.It will be very (help) _ if each member presents his or her own opinion at the meeting.Johns performance in this exam mad
35、e us feel rather (disappoint) _.If your credit is good, you will be allowed (use) _ the credit card.Give the application to the man (sit) _at the desk, please.,having,to be mailed,foreigner,excited,helpful,disappointed,to use,sitting,John went to town yesterday and had his computer (repair) _ there.
36、In 1964, the Olympic Games in Tokyo became the first program _ (transmit) _ via satellite.Your hair needs _ (cut). It is too long.I have no choice but _ (wait).Did you have any difficulty (get) _ a visa to Britain?I asked him not (say) _ anything about our contract until the end of the month.That ne
37、w film is worth (see) _ for the second time.She is well-known for her excellent (achieve) _ in her career.,repaired,transmitted,cutting/ to be cut,to wait,(in)getting,to say,seeing,achievements,Some people do believe that smoking will (certain) _ cause lung cancer. It is never too late for anyone (l
38、earn) _. As far as I know, Lily can speak English _ (fluently) than any other student in her class. His wife was sure he would arrive on time. This (certain) _ made her rush to prepare the dinner. Yesterday they received a written (invite) _ to a dinner from Mr. Black. The more careful you are, the
39、(well) _ you will be able to complete the work. I wondered why the boy often avoided (talk) _with his classmates.,certainly,to learn,more fluently,certainty,invitation,better,talking,Im going to take the bus _ (save) money.We have to find new ways to (short) _the process of production.The new flexib
40、le working time system will enable the (employ) _ to work more efficiently.The photos of Mars taken by satellites are (clear) _ than those taken from earth.Going abroad to have a holiday will be an (excite) _experience for us.It is quite difficult for me (decide) _ who should be given the job.,to sa
41、ve,shorten,employees,clearer,exciting,to decide,The secretary is so efficient that his boss thinks (high) _of him.The news was made (know) _ to the public at last.His efforts to improve the sales of this product have been very (help) _ . The manager promised (get) _ me a position in his company. He
42、is asked to (short) _ his report to one page.He wont let anyone else (visit) _ his sister.One can jump (high) _ on the moon than on the earth. She was not happy because he had kept her (wait) _ for half an hour.,highly,to be known,helpful,to get,shorten,visit,higher,waiting,Some young people got _ (
43、marry) without even telling their parents or other family members.Please remember (lock) _ the door when you leave.The main benefit of (work) _ with the company is the opportunity to travel abroad. To his mothers relief, Tom had perfectly recovered from his (ill) _.When Jenny came to Britain, she ha
44、d to get used to (drive) _ on the left.,married,to lock,working,illness,driving,The manager insisted on (treat) _ as an ordinary employee.Do you know why people are unwilling(discuss) _insurance?No student is supposed (spend) _ so much money in school in a week.(Personal) _ think, he is a very nice partner ,though you may not agree.Everyone should be allowed to make a mistake without (punish) _ for it.,being treated,to discuss,to spend,Personally,being punished,
