1、1人生若没有一段想起来就热泪盈眶的奋斗史，那这一生就白活了。 共勉英语复习提纲要点第一部分 英语四种时态归纳复习时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，大家在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。 一、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：be 动词； 行为动词 （如果主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）否定形式：
2、am/is/are+not; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 dont, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用 doesnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首； 用助动词 do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 does，同时，还原行为动词。 基本用法1） 表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用 often, usually, every day 等时间状语。例如： a. He goes to school every day.b. He is very happy.c.The earth moves around the sun.2) 在时间状语
3、从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如：a. If you come this afternoon, well have a meeting.b. When I graduate, Ill go to countryside.3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close 等。例如：a. The meeting begins at seven.b. The rain starts at nine in the m
4、orning.二、一般过去时： 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/year,/night,/month, in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：be 动词的过去式； 行为动词的过去式 否定形式：was/were+not; 在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句
5、首； 用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时： 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. （look! Listen!）基本结构：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首。 2基本用法： a. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。例如： We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。 b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如： Mr. Gree
6、n is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。） c. 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin 等。例如： The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。 Its getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。 d. 与 always, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如： You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。 不用进
7、行时的动词 1）表示心理状态的动词，如 know, realize, think，see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate 等。例如：I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。 He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。 2）瞬间动词，如 accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse 等。例如：I
8、accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。 3）系动词，如 seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn 等。例如： You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。 四、一般将来时： 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 时间状语：tomorrow, next day/week/month/year, soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are go
9、ing to + V 原；will/shall + V 原. 否定形式：am/is/are not going to +V 原; will/shall + not+V 原 一般疑问句：be 放于句首；will/shall 提到句首。基本用法1）shall 用于第一人称，常被 will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如：Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？ 2）be going to +V 原，表示将
10、来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？ b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。 c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。 3英语时态综合练习（一）一般现在时一. 用词的适当形式填空。1. Miss Guo _ (teach) us Chinese this term. She _ (b
11、e) a very good teacher. She often _ (talk) with us after class. Many of us like _ (talk) with her. 2. Where _ their father_ (work)? He _ (work) on a farm.3. What time _ the shop _ (close)? It _ (close) at nine oclock in the evening. 4. He _ (go) to school by bus every day.5. Tom can not walk fast be
12、cause he _ (carry) a heavy box.6. She often _ (read) English in the evening.7. She _ (go) to school at eight oclock.8. He usually _ up at 17:00. (get)9. She _ (live) in Beijing.二、句型转换：1. I like the red sofa. (变否定句 )2. She has a nice cap. (变一般疑问句，并做肯定及否定回答)3. I am a bus driver. (变一般疑问句并做肯定回答)4. They
13、play football in the garden everyday. (变成否定句)5. There is an egg in the basket.(变成复数形式的句子)（2）一般过去时一将下列动词变成过去式。look_ watch_ like_ hope_ decide_ plan_ stop_ carry_ study_ play_ stay_ let_ put_ read_ catch _ teach_ buy_ bring_ think _ sit_ write_ drive_ ring_ sink_ 4run_ give_ win _ know _ grow_ throw_
14、draw _ show_ feel_ sleep_ keep_ sweep_ meet_二、 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. I_ (buy) a new dictionary the day before yesterday.2. What day_ (be) it yesterday? It_ (be) Friday.3. He_ (be) here half an hour ago.4. We often_ (play) games last term.5. She_ (give) me a book a moment ago.6. The girl_ (get) up very
15、early this morning.7. They_ (take) photos near the river an hour ago.8. He _(not watch) TV yesterday evening.9. Why_ (be) the boy late for school? Because he _(be) ill.10. Mr. Green _ (come) to visit me last night.11. The teacher_ (agree) to our idea yesterday.12. They_ (make) him work twelve hours
16、a day last year. 13. I_ (see) him in the library two days ago.14. She_ (write) her address on the blackboard ten minutes ago.3、按要求改写下列各句。1. I was at home this morning. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答 )2. He did morning exercises in the morning. (改为否定句)3. They had a big dinner yesterday. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)4.I went to
17、see my uncle last Sunday. (改为否定句)四、选择填空。1. What did your father do when he was in England? He _in a car factory. 5A. work B. worked C. is working D. will work2. _ he _at this school last term? Yes, I think so. A. Did; study B. Does; study C. Was; study D. Did; studied3. Who cleaned the blackboard ye
18、sterday, Dick? John_. .A. cleaned B. does C. did D. is4. There _a lot of people at the street corner when the accident (事故) happened (发生).A. was B. were C. have been D. had5. He turned off the lights and then_ . A. leaves B. left C. will leave D. is leaving6. Hi, Kate. You look tired. Whats the matt
19、er? I _well last night. A. didnt sleep B. dont sleep C. havent slept D. wont sleep7. Jenny went into the room, took off his coat and _down on a sofa. A. would sit B. was sitting C. sat D. had sat 8. Everyone_ there when the meeting began.A. was B. is C. are D. Were9. - Your phone number again? I _ q
20、uite catch it. - Its 69568442. A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant （三）现在进行时一、用现在进行时完成下列句子:1. What_you_ (do)?2. I_ (sing) an English song.3. What_he_ (mend)?4. He_(mend) a car.5._you_(fly) a kite? Yes, _.6._she_(sit) in the boat?7._you_ (ask) questions?8. We_ (play) games now.二、单项选择（ ）1.我在照看孩子.6(A)I
21、am looking after the baby. (B)Im look aftering the baby.(C)I look am aftering the baby. (D)I looking after the baby.( ) 2._friends making_a kite.(A)I, me (B) My, my (C)My,me (D)His,his( )3.Is the woman _ yellow your teacher?(A)in (B)putting on (C)wearing (D)having( )4.Look!The twins_their mother do
22、the housework.(A)are wanting (B)help (C)are helping (D)are looking( )5._are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree.(A)Who (B)What (C)How (D)Where( )6.Is she_something?(A)eat (B)eating (C)eatting (D)eats( )7.你在干什么?(A)What is you doing? (B)What are you do?(C)What are you doing? (D)What do you do?
23、( )8.What are you listening_? (A)/ (B)for (C)at (D)to( )9.我正在听他说话.(A)I listening to him. (B)Im listening to him.(C)Im listen to him. (D)Im listening him.( )10.They are_their clothes.(A)making (B)putting (C)put away (D)putting on( )11.Listen! She_in the classroom.(A)is singing (B)sing (C)to sing (D)i
24、s sing( )12.Today Jim_ his white shirt and brown trousers.(A)is putting on (B)wear (C)put on (D)is wearing( )13._are you eating?Im eating_meat.(A)What,some (B)Which,any (C)Where,not (D)What,a( )14.They_TV in the evening.They do their homework.(A)are watching (B)cant watching (C)dont watch (D)dont wa
25、tching( )15.The children_football.(A)is playing (B)are playing (C)play the (D)play a( )16.They are flying kites.(A)他们喜欢放风筝 . (B)他们在放风筝吗?(C)他们在放风筝. (D)他们常放风筝.( )17.Look,They are swimming in the river.I want_you.(A)to go with (B)go with (C)helping (D)help( )18.Look.Lucy is_a new bike today.7(A)jumping
26、 (B)running (C)riding (D)taking（四）一般将来时( )1. Her hope _ the 2008 Olympic Games.A. to take part in B. is to take part in C. taking part in D. will take part in( )2. - Can I go to Beijing for my holiday, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older.A. will get B. get C. are getting D. got( )3. If he _harder,
27、 he will catch up with us soon.A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied( )4. - Dont forget to ask him to write to me.- I wont. As soon as he _, Ill ask him to write to you.A. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming( )5. - Jimmy is leaving for a holiday.- Really? Where _ he _?A. has; gone B. will
28、; go C. did; go D. would; go( )6. Frank _ to see his grandma if he _ free tomorrow.A. will come; will be B. comes; isC. will come; is D. comes; will be( )7. There _ a talk on science in our school next Monday.A. will give B. will be C. is going to give D. is( )8. - Shall we go shopping now?- Sorry,
29、I cant. I _ my shirts.A. wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing( )9. I believe that those mountains _ with trees in a few years time.A. are covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover( )10. It is said that about 400 cars _ in the factory next month.A. were produced B. will produce C. ar
30、e produced D. will be produced( )11. - Are you free this afternoon?- No. Ill have an English composition _ this afternoon.A. to write B. wrote C. to be writing D. to be written( )12. - Come back home every month.- I _.A. will B. must C. should D. can( )13. A robot _ think of itself; it _ be told wha
31、t to do.A. cant; must B. couldnt; can C. may not; will D. mustnt, may8第二部分 形容词副词的比较级 （形容词比较级的基本用法参看课本 P114 Grammar）一.比较级和最高级的构成：1.规则变化： 一般在词尾加-er -est例如：calm-calmer-calmest tall-taller-tallest smart-smarter-smartest以字母 e 结尾的直接在词尾加-r -st例如： nice-nicer-nicest fine-finer-finest large-larger-largest以辅音+
32、y 结尾的词，变 y 为 i, 再加-er/-est例如：early-earlier-earliest happy-happier-happiest busy-busier-busiest以重读闭音节单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er/-est例如：big-bigger-biggest thin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottest fat-fatter-fattest多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加 more/most例如：popular-more popular-most popular important-more important-
33、most important2.不规则变化：（重点记忆）好 good / well better best坏 bad / badly /ill worse worst多 many / much more most少 little less least老 old older / elder oldest / eldest远 far farther /further farthest / furthest注意 friendly 的比较级和最高级有两个：friendly friendlier/more friendly friendliest / most friendly二.比较级的用法：当两个人
34、或事物（A 和 B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级。1.原级比较：表达 A 和 B(的情况) 一样(1) the same as （P20：1b will he B. will be; will be C. is; is D. will be; is2. The students _ have a sports meeting this weekend if it _.A. wont; rains B. will; rains C. wont; will rain D. are going to; is going to rain3. If you _ to the p
35、arty, youll have a great time.A. will go B. went C. go D. going4.-What are you going to do tomorrow? -Well go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain B. rain C. wont rain D. doesnt rain5. If I eat _ food, Ill be very fat. A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too6. Ill give the book to h
36、im if he _ here next Sunday.A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came7. Your teacher will be unhappy if you _ to school late.A. come B. will come C. are coming D. came 8. I dont know if he _. If he _, please let me know.21A. comes, comes B. will come, will comeC. will come, comes D. comes, will com
37、e9. If she _ here tomorrow, I will tell you.A. comes B. will come C. come D. came10. Tom wants to know if you will have a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, well play chess instead.A. will rain B. rained C. is raining D. rains11. If Tom _ the game, well give him a surprise“.A. win B. wins C. won D.
38、miming二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. What will you buy if you _（have）a lot of money?2. If it _（not snow）tomorrow, we will feel unhappy.3. You mustnt go to school if you _（be ）still in bed.4. If he _（be）at home at that time, he would know it.5. Please show me the way if you _（know ）it.6. You will hurt your teeth i
39、f you _（eat ）too much candy.7. If you gave me a toy car, I _（be）very happy.8. I would get the prize if I _（work ）hard.9. Where _ he _ (see) the film if he _ (have) time?10. If there _ (be) fewer trees, there _ (be) more pollution.第六部分 主谓一致谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一
40、致原则。一、“三个一致”原则一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。There is much water in the cup. 杯子里有很多水。但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Ten tons of coal were produced last year.去年生产了十吨的煤。1. 语法一致的原则（1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数。例如：He goes to school early every morning.他每天早上很早去学校。The children are playing out
41、side.孩子们正在外面玩儿To study hard is necessary for a student.努力学习对一个学生来说很必要。（2）由 and 或 bothand 连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Reading and writing are very important.读和写是很重要的。Both he and I are right.他和我都是对的。但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：The poet and writer comes.诗人兼作家来了。His teacher and friend is a beautiful g
42、irl.他的老师兼朋友是一个漂亮地女孩。22（3）由 and 连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由 each, every 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：Each man and each woman is coming to help.每个男人和每个女人都正赶来帮忙。In our country, every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.在我们国家，每个男孩儿和每个女孩儿都有权利接受教育。( 4 )谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有 with, together with, like, except（除了
43、）, but, no less than（不少于）, as well as（还有，而且） 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。The teacher with some students is visiting the museum.老师和一些学生正在参观博物馆。He as well as I wants to go boating.他还有我想去划船。( 5 ) 集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如 family, audience（观众）, class, company（公司职员）等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。His family
44、 isnt very large. 他家不是一个大家庭。His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。但集合名词 people, police 等在任何情况下都用复数形式。Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗？( 6 ) 代词 each 和由 every, some, no, any 等与 body/one/thing/where 构成的复合不定代词作主语，或主语中含有 each, every, 谓语需用单数。Each of us has a dictionary. 我们每个人有一本字典。There is something
45、 wrong with my watch.我的表有点问题。( 7 ) 有两部分构成的物体的名词，如 glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Where are my shoes? I can t find them.我的鞋在哪儿？我找不到它们。如果这类名词前用了 a pair of 等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于 pair的单复数形式。例如：Here are some new pairs of shoes.这是新的几双鞋。My new pair of socks is on the bed.我的一双新袜子在床上。2. 意义一致的原则（1）表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：Ten yuan is enough.十块钱足够了。Three weeks is a long
