1、Unit 6: Part A,The EQ Factor,21st Century College English: Book 4,Pre-Reading ActivitiesText A: Language PointsExercisesAssignment,Unit 6: Part A,The EQ Factor,Pre-Reading Activities,PreviewPre-Reading Listening,Why is it that the person who is the smartest in school is not usually the most successf
2、ul in life? It may be because intelligence is only one of the factors that it takes to have a well-balanced,successful life. First, “The EQ Factor” reports on a book by Daniel Goleman which argues that the ability to understand and manage ones feelings is actually much more important than simply bei
3、ng smart. In “Whats Your Emotional IQ?” Goleman himself explains why it is “emotional intelligence that separates the stars from the average performers” and identifies five skills which are keys to developing your own abilities in this area. Finally, “A Classic Study of Environmental Influence” make
4、s a strong case for the importance of a stimulating environment in helping a child to develop to the best of his or her ability.,Pre-Reading Activities,Preview,Before listening to the passage, have a quick look at the following words. Then listen to the passage again and choose the best answers to t
5、he following questions. sock 短袜 EQ 情商 empathy 同情,Pre-Reading Activities,Check-up,1. The listening passage says that Einstein was a genius in terms of _? A) Emotional Intelligence or “EQ”. B) Intellectual Intelligence or “IQ”. C) both “EQ” and “IQ”. D) neither “EQ” nor “IQ”.,Pre-Reading Activities,1.
6、 The listening passage says that Einstein was a genius in terms of _? A) Emotional Intelligence or “EQ”. B) Intellectual Intelligence or “IQ”. C) both “EQ” and “IQ”. D) neither “EQ” nor “IQ”.,2. Which of the following is NOT an example of Emotional Intelligence? A) Understanding your own feelings. B
7、) Understanding the feelings of others. C) Being able to handle emotions effectively. D) Being smarter than others in your class.,Pre-Reading Activities,2. Which of the following is NOT an example of Emotional Intelligence? A) Understanding your own feelings. B) Understanding the feelings of others.
8、 C) Being able to handle emotions effectively. D) Being smarter than others in your class.,3. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between EQ and IQ? A) People tend to have more of one than the other.B) People tend to have the same amount of each.C) They work together to
9、 make you successful.D) They depend on such factors as social class and how lucky you are.,Pre-Reading Activities,3. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between EQ and IQ? A) People tend to have more of one than the other.B) People tend to have the same amount of each.C
10、) They work together to make you successful.D) They depend on such factors as social class and how lucky you are.,4. What is the main purpose of this passage? A) To introduce a new concept, EQ, and explains its significance. B) To explain why EQ is more important in life than IQ. C) To discuss diffe
11、rent definitions of success. D) To criticize traditional notions of intelligence.,Pre-Reading Activities,Script,4. What is the main purpose of this passage? A) To introduce a new concept, EQ, and explains its significance. B) To explain why EQ is more important in life than IQ. C) To discuss differe
12、nt definitions of success. D) To criticize traditional notions of intelligence.,When we think of a person with great intelligence, the first image that comes to mind might be someone like Albert Einstein, who changed worlds conception of space and time, but usually went around with uncombed hair and
13、 socks that didnt match. Clearly, Einstein was a great genius. But did you ever wonder if there was more to life than pure intellectual intelligence? Scientists have recently begun to do so. It seems that intellectual ability cannot explain some of the most interesting questions: Why is it that the
14、smartest kid in school does not usually end up the wealthiest? Why can some people keep smiling as they face difficulties that would sink others? In short, why do some people just seem to have a gift for living well?,Pre-Reading Activities,Researchers have developed a theory that there are actually
15、two kinds of intelligence. The first is the traditional “intellectual intelligence” or “IQ” that a person like Einstein had so much of. Now the phrase “emotional intelligence”, sometimes referred to as “EQ”, has been introduced to describe qualities like understanding ones own feelings, having empat
16、hy for the feelings of others, and being able to handle emotions effectively. EQ is not the opposite of IQ. Some people are blessed with a lot of both. Some people have little of either one. What researchers are now trying to understand is how the two kinds of intelligence work together. For example
17、, how ones ability to handle stress affects the ability to concentrate and put ones knowledge to use. It seems that IQ accounts for about 20% of ones success in life; the rest depends on everything from the social class you are born in, to how lucky you are, to the way your brain is wired. And, of c
18、ourse, on how well developed your Emotional Intelligence is.,Language Points,The EQ Factor,Text A:,The EQ Factor Nancy Gibbs 1 It turns out that a scientist can see the future by watching four-year-olds interact with a marshmallow. The researcher invites the children, one by one, into a plain room a
19、nd begins the gentle torment. You can have this marshmallow right now, he says. But if you wait while I run an errand, you can have two marshmallows when I get back. And then he leaves.,Language Points,2 Some children grab for the treat the minute hes out the door. Some last a few minutes before the
20、y give in. But others are determined to wait. They cover their eyes; they put their heads down; they sing to themselves; they try to play games or even fall asleep. When the researcher returns, he gives these children their hard-earned marshmallows. And then, science waits for them to grow up. 3 By
21、the time the children reach high school, something remarkable has happened. A survey of the childrens parents and teachers found that those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out for the second marshmallow generally grew up to be better adjusted, more popular, adventurous, confide
22、nt and dependable teenagers.,Language Points,The children who gave in to temptation early on were more likely to be lonely, easily frustrated and stubborn. They could not endure stress and shied away from challenges. And when some of the students in the two groups took the Scholastic Aptitude Test,
23、the kids who had held out longer scored an average of 210 points higher. 4 When we think of brilliance we see Einstein, deep-eyed, woolly haired, a thinking machine with skin and mismatched socks. High achievers, we imagine, were wired for greatness from birth. But then you have to wonder why, over
24、time, natural talent seems to ignite in some people and dim in others. This is where the marshmallows come in. It seems that the ability to delay gratification is a master skill, a triumph of the reasoning brain over the impulsive one. It is a sign, in short, of emotional intelligence. And it doesnt
25、 show up on an IQ test.,Language Points,5 For most of this century, scientists have worshipped the hardware of the brain and the software of the mind; the messy powers of the heart were left to the poets. But cognitive theory could simply not explain the questions we wonder about most: why some peop
26、le just seem to have a gift for living well; why the smartest kid in the class will probably not end up the richest; why we like some people virtually on sight and distrust others; why some people remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would sink a less resilient soul. What qualities of the mind
27、 or spirit, in short, determine who succeeds?,Language Points,6 The phrase “emotional intelligence“ was coined by Yale psychologist Peter Salovey and the University of New Hampshires John Mayer five years ago to describe qualities like understanding ones own feelings, empathy for the feelings of oth
28、ers and “the regulation of emotion in a way that enhances living.“ Their notion is about to bound into the national conversation, handily shortened to EQ, thanks to a new book, Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman. Goleman, a Harvard psychology Ph.D. and a New York Times science writer with a gi
29、ft for making even the most difficult scientific theories digestible to lay readers, has brought together a decades worth of behavioral research into how the mind processes feelings. His goal, he announces on the cover, is to redefine what it,Language Points,means to be smart. His thesis: when it co
30、mes to predicting peoples success, brainpower as measured by IQ and standardized achievement tests may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once thought of as “character“ before the word began to sound old-fashioned. 7 At first glance, there would seem to be little thats new here to any c
31、lose reader of fortune cookies. There may be no less original idea than the notion that our hearts hold dominion over our heads. “I was so angry,“ we say, “I couldnt think straight.“ Neither is it surprising that “people skills“ are useful, which amounts to saying, its good to be nice. “Its so true
32、its trivial,“ says Dr. Paul McHugh, director of psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. But if it were that simple, the book would not be quite so interesting or its implications so controversial.,Language Points,8 This is no abstract investigation. Goleman is looking for antidote
33、s to restore “civility to our streets and caring to our communal life.” He sees practical applications everywhere for how companies should decide whom to hire, how couples can increase the odds that their marriages will last, how parents should raise their children and how schools should teach them.
34、 When street gangs substitute for families and schoolyard insults end in stabbings, when more than half of marriages end in divorce, when the majority of the children murdered in this country are killed by parents and stepparents, many of whom say they were trying to discipline the child for behavio
35、r like blocking the TV or crying too much, it suggests a demand for remedial emotional education.,Language Points,9 And it is here the arguments will break out. Golemans highly popularized conclusions, says McHugh, “will chill any veteran scholar of psychotherapy and any neuroscientist who worries a
36、bout how his research may come to be applied.“ While many researchers in this relatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously, they fear that a notion as handy as EQ invites misuse. Goleman admits the danger of suggesting that you can assign a numerical value to a perso
37、ns character as well as his intellect; Goleman never even uses the phrase EQ in his book.,Language Points,But he did somewhat reluctantly approve an “unscientific“ EQ test in USA Today with choices like “I am aware of even subtle feelings as I have them,“ and “I can sense the pulse of a group or rel
38、ationship and state unspoken feelings.“ 10 “You dont want to take an average of your emotional skill,“ argues Harvard psychology professor Jerome Kagan, a pioneer in child-development research. “Thats whats wrong with the concept of intelligence for mental skills too. Some people handle anger well,L
39、anguage Points,but cant handle fear. Some people cant take joy. So each emotion has to be viewed differently.“ EQ is not the opposite of IQ. Some people are blessed with a lot of both, some with little of either. What researchers have been trying to understand is how they complement each other; how
40、ones ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use. Among the ingredients for success, researchers now generally agree that IQ counts for about 20%; the rest depends on everything from class to luck to the neural pathways that have developed i
41、n the brain over millions of years of human evolution. (1047 words),Language Points,Text-related information,Nancy Gibbs, Senior Editor of TIME Magazine. In 1988 she became a feature writer, whose award-winning cover stories include The Right to Die; Violence in America; Teens, Sex and Values; The T
42、ragedy in Waco; and The 1993 Men of the Year.,Nancy Gibbs,a scientist can see the future by watching four-year-olds interact with a marshmallow a scientist can predict the future of a child by studying how the child reacts to a piece of candy at the age of four,interact (with) municative (with) or r
43、eact (to) Examples: Its interesting at parties to see how people interact socially. Modern architects are designing buildings for the future which will interact with the user.,a plain room a room with simple decoration; an undecorated room,plain a. not decorated or luxurious; ordinary and simple Exa
44、mples: a plain and very elegant room plain cake (i.e. without fruit) plain chocolate (i.e. made without adding milk),the gentle torment the tender mental suffering from being tempted by a marshmallow,torment and suffering Torment is extreme physical or mental suffering, esp. mental suffering that la
45、sts a long time and is caused by feeling guilty or sorry about something one has done, while suffering implies the awareness or experience of a person of a lot of pain or bad treatment.,Examples: Scream were heard of men dying in torment. He suffered years of private torment over his wrong decision
46、He thought public speaking was a torment to him. They expressed sympathy with the suffering of the earthquake victims. She described her suffering at the hands of the terrorists.,run/go on an errand be away on some business,errand n. a short journey either to take a message or to deliver or collect
47、something Examples: The children are old enough to run on errands to the shops. Ive no time to go on errands for you,some children grab for the treat the minute hes out the door some children snatched at the candy as soon as hes out the room,treat n. (here referring to the marshmallows) something es
48、pecially pleasant or enjoyable Examples: A meal in a good restaurant is a real treat. Were going to Italy for the weekend its my birthday treat.,some children grab for the treat the minute hes out the door some children snatched at the candy as soon as hes out the room,the minute n. (used to introdu
49、ce a clause of time) as soon as Examples: Ask for help the minute youre stuck. I knew it the minute I saw him.,And then, science waits for them to grow up and after that, the study is subject to pause until they grow up,Translate the sentence:?,然后，科学便等待他们长大。,A survey of the childrens parents and teachers found that those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out for the second marshmallow generally grew up to be better adjusted, more popular, adventurous, confident and dependable teenagers.,
