1、Unit 5 The Real Truth about LiesText comprehensionI.CII. TTTFFIII. omittedIV.1. When we start to tell a lie, we would have entered a very intricate situation, as a lie often requires other lies until the whole structure of lies becomes so complex that it ensnares the liar.2. One is less inhibited fr
2、om lying: his ability to tell the truth from the falsehood is dulled, and he may become less cautious against being caught.3. The most understandable and acceptable lies are those which are told for the sake of love and care at the expense of trust, according to the ethicists.VocabularyI. 1. very im
3、portant/shocking/traumatic;2. avoid hurting the others feelings/avoid doing something that would upset the other person3.telling the truth with a favorable emphasis or slant/modifying the truth4.a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong or disastrous;5.under any circu
4、mstances/whatever might happenII.1. supportive; 2 perceived; 3 prevarication; 4 astounded; 5 undermine; 6 faltered; 7 fibs; 8 volunteeredIII.1. unethical; 2 feigned; 3 unsparing; 4 cynical; 5 confoundedly; 6 lubricated; 7 entangled; 8 WillfulIV. 1. cover up; 2. blurted out; 3. set up; 4. find out; 5
5、. wear/wore down; 6. specializes in; 7. professes to; 8. complimented onV.1. evasion (equivocation); 2 chronic (repeated); 3 common (prevalent, omnipresent); 4 slightly; 5 insult(reproach, criticize); 6 distort; 7 growth (multiplication); 8 strengthened (consolidated)VI.1.cancelled; 2. overcome; 3.
6、follow; 4. fell into; 5. make it more acceptable; 6. feel unhappy about; 7. removed from consideration; 8. Rese. rve for further useGrammarI.1. probability; 2 possibility; 3 intention; 4 possibility; 5 necessity; 6 possibility; 7 obligation; 8 probabilityII.CCBAD BBBAAIII. 1. He cant have told us ev
7、erything.2. Something must have gone wrong.3. She cant be only thirty years old.4. They may not know yet.5. The road could/may have been closed.6. The police must know that.7. There may/could have been a traffic jam.8. The letter could/may arrive today.9. That will/must be my mother.10. There should
8、 be time to do some shopping.IV.1. When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and astound your friends.2. When heated, metal expands.3. If true, it will cause us a lot of trouble4. Whenever possible, they should be typed5. When in Rome, do as the Romans do6. Send the goods now, if
9、ready7. If necessary, ring me at home.8. He glanced about as if in search of something.V.1. discussing, having reached2. paying3. Lying, sitting4. to pacify, to be pacified, grumbling5. repeat, to make, to do6. going, stay7. to see, to avoid, hitting8. to arrive, rising9. doing10. to make, to seeTra
10、nslationI. E-C1. Most strikingly, these tellers-of-a-thousand-lies reported that their deceptions caused them “little preoccupation or regret.”十分惊人的是，这些无数次说谎的人称，说谎并没有使他们十分纠结或后悔。2. Despite these admissions, 91 per cent of all respondents said they were “satisfied with my own ethics and character.”尽管承
11、认说谎，91%的反馈者称“对自己的道德和性格还是感到满意的 ”。3. Surely, these “nice lies” are harmless and well intended, a necessary social lubricant.毫无疑问，这些“ 好心的说谎 ”是无害的、善意的，也是一种社交必需的润滑剂。4. And if youre not sure, Mark Twain has given us a good rule of thumb. “When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and as
12、tound your friends.”如果你没有把握，马克吐温给了我们一条经验法则：“拿不准的时候，就说实话，实话会迷惑敌人，震惊朋友。 ”II.1、当哈姆雷特拿不定注意该采取什么行动时，他就装疯 （feign）Hamlet feigned madness when he was hesitating what to do.2、搪塞推诿是这生意人的惯用伎俩 （prevarication）Prevarication is one of the techniques this businessman likes to employ.3、真理之光有时太刺目，于是善意的谎言随处可见 （ubiquit
13、ous）Sometimes the light of the truth is just too dazzling, so white lies are ubiquitous.4、美国许多妇女声称他们对自己二等公民的地位感到不满 （profess）Many women in America profess that they are unhappy with their status as second-class citizens.5、一时冲动之下，他失言抖出了秘密 （blurt out）On the impulse of the moment, he blurted out the sec
14、ret.6、你应该摆脱偏见，抵制诱惑，不让任何东西扭曲你的判断 （warp ）You should get rid of any prejudice, resist temptations and let nothing warp your judgment.7、他是一个过于敏感和富于想象的人，经常在头脑里编织一张复杂的网络（a tangled web）Being over-sensitive and imaginative, he often weaves a tangled web in his mind.8、他在伙伴中很受欢迎，因为他尽量不给别人添麻烦 （spare）He is very
15、 popular among his peers as he always tries to spare others any trouble.III.在美国进行的一些调查结果表明，大多数人由于不同的原因在不同程度上说过谎。有时，他们说谎是为了让别人高兴。比如：一个人可能拿出一副比实际情况更加积极的态度来肯定一个朋友或配偶。有时，他们说谎是为了提升自己。这种情况现在越来越普遍了。有时，他们说谎是为了避免伤害别人，特别当未加粉饰的实情太难以接受的时候更是如此。有些人把说谎看作是一种必要的社交润滑剂。不管怎么说，他们说谎是为了掩饰实情。关于说谎，不同的人有不同的观点。有些人认为，假话，即便是看上去
16、无害的假话，也可能会有一些预料不到的后果。一个人说了第一个谎话之后，他就需要说更多的谎话来掩饰最初的谎话，这道最后可能会变成沉重的精神负担。一个哲学家警告说，如果一个人说谎，他就把自己置于一个溜滑的斜坡上，因为他的心理障碍减轻了。但是另外一些人则认为，我们不必不惜一切代价去避免所有善意的谎言，因为一个善意的谎言可能仅仅是用关心呵护原则去代替信任原则而已。你持什么观点呢？Exercises for integrated skillsI. DictationChildhood is less clear to me than to many people: / when it ended I tu
17、rned my face away from it / for no reason that I know about, / certainly without the usual reason of unhappy memories. / For many years that worried me, / but then I discovered / that the tales of former children are seldom to be trusted. / Some people supply too many past victories or pleasures / w
18、ith which to comfort themselves, / and other people cling to pains, real and imagined, / to excuse what they have become. / I think I have always known about my memory. / I know when it is to be trusted / and when some dream or fantasy entered on the life, / and the dream, the need of dream, / led to distortion of what happened.II.1. service 2. rather 3. off 4. are 5. advantage 6. much7. relations 8. if 9. as 10. moral 11. either 12. truth
