1、1兰州一中 2018-2019-2 学期期中考试试题高一英语说明：本试卷分第 I 卷（选择题）和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分。满分 120 分，考试时间100 分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。第一部分：阅读理解（共两节, 满分 30 分）第一节（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAsking for help is a sign of strength rather than weakness. In American culture, the independent individual is
2、seen as their ideal. As the University of Missouri at St. Louis states on its website under the heading Key American Values, “Americans have been trained since very early in their lives to consider themselves as separate individuals who are responsible for their own situations in life and their own
3、destinies.” The value also makes them think they can do everything themselves, and makes them feel badly about asking for help when they need it.And when it comes to work situations, when they think about asking for help there, sometimes they fear that a request for help would make them look inept.
4、While this has always been true for men, many women in the workplace have felt the need to try twice as hard as their male colleagues and do twice as much to get just as far and to prove their worth. Sometimes when we think about asking for help, our inner voices tell us, “See, if you admit you cant
5、 do this on your own, theyll see you for the imposter(骗子) you really are.”But the fact is, even though individualism is on the rise, we cant do everything by ourselves and we shouldnt try.Apple founder Steve Jobs once told the Santa Clara Valley Historical Association about the power of asking for h
6、elp, and how he “never found anybody who didnt want to help me when I asked them for help”. He said, at the age of 12, he called Bill Hewlett, co-founder of Hewlett-Packard, on the 2phone after getting his number from the phone book and asking him for spare parts so he could build a frequency counte
7、r(计频器). And Hewlett agreed and offered young Jobs a summer job assembling frequency counters.“If youre afraid of failing, you wont get very far,” Jobs said.1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. What key American values are.B. Why Americans refuse to ask for help.C. Asking for help is a sign
8、 of strength.D. Americans are responsible for their life.2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “inept” in Paragraph 2?A. impolite B. identicalC. incompetent D. inappropriate3. What can be learned from this US cultural phenomenon?A. Americans suffer a lot from mutual distrust.B. A
9、mericans see weakness as a sign of strength.C. Americans should learn to build up confidence.D. Americans lay emphasis on individual values.4. What can we learn from Jobs words in the last paragraph?A. Dont hesitate to ask for assistance.B. Be brave to try whatever you want.C. Failure is the mother
10、of success.D. Learn to cooperate with others.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A【解析】【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。美国文化重视个体和独立。美国人从小就被训练要成为独立的个体，他们对自己的生活状况和命运负责。他们认为自己什么都能做，拒绝寻求帮助，担心寻求帮助会显得自己无能。事实上我们生活在一个需要互相帮助的世界，每一个人不能把一切都做了，如果需要帮助的话，请不要犹豫，因为这不是软弱的表现。3【1 题详解】主旨大意题。第一段主要叙述了在美国文化中，美国人从小就被训练成独立的个体，对自己的生活状况和命运负责。这种价值观也使他们认为自己可以做任何
11、事，在需要帮助的时候寻求帮助会让他们感觉很糟糕。由此可推断出本段叙述了美国人拒绝寻求帮助的原因。分析选项可知 B 符合题意，故选 B。【2 题详解】猜测词义题。根据第一段“The value also makes them think they can do everything themselves, and makes them feel badly about asking for help when they need it.”可知，美国人认为他们什么都能做。划线部分后面的“ if you admit you cant do this on your own,”即“如果你承认自己不能做
12、，” 。根据文中多次出现了“can”和“cant” 。及“when they think about asking for help there, sometimes they fear that a request for help would make them look inept.”可推测出，当他们求助时，他们有时害怕寻求帮助会让他们显得自己“不能做” ，即“无能力的” 。分析选项（A. impolite 不礼貌的；B. identical 相同的；C. incompetent 无能力的，不称职的；D. inappropriate 不合适的） ，可知 C 项符合题意，故选 C。【3 题
13、详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ In American culture, the independent individual is seen as their ideal.”以及“Americans have been trained since very early in their lives to consider themselves as separate individuals who are responsible for their own situations in life and their own destinies.” 可推断出，美国文化中强调个人价值。分析选项可知
14、 D 符合题意，故选 D。【4 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 Job 的话“about the power of asking for help, and how henever found anybody who didnt want to help me when I asked them for help.”可知，当向他人求助时，人们都愿意提供帮助。Jobs 并以自己为例，来说明向他人求助会得到帮助，对自己是有利的。因此他的意思就是有困难时，可以向他人求助，不要犹豫。分析选项可知 A 正确。【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段
15、落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）4并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。根据第一段“The value also makes them think they can do everything themselves, and makes them feel badly about asking for help when they need it.”可知，美国人认为他们什么都能做。以此划线部分后面的“, if you admit you cant do this on your
16、 own,”如果你承认自己不能做，根据文中多次出现了“can”和“cant” 。可知“when they think about asking for help there, sometimes they fear that a request for help would make them look inept.”可知，当他们求助时，他们有时害怕寻求帮助会让他们显得自己“不能做” ，即“无能力的” 。分析选项（A. impolite 不礼貌的；B. identical 相同的；C. incompetent 无能力的，不称职的；D. inappropriate 不合适的） ，可知 C 项符合
17、题意，故选 C。BThroughout my educational years despite the kind teachers I had met, I never felt interest in writing until I met her, Mrs Kelley. At first, I believed that writing would still be my worst class. Gradually, my fondness increased. She taught the lesson in such a lively way and her word choic
18、e impressed me. But that was not what made her my favorite. Unlike other teachers, after instructions, she gave an enormous amount of freedom in what we wrote, allowing us to create our own stories using our imagination. And that mattered most.There was one really revolutionary event: the historical
19、 fiction unit. We were to invent out own stories using the period we were given. World War II was mine. At that point, I was just looking for a good grade. Rather than creating a mundane (平淡的) story, I wanted to make a story that I felt was meaningful. As I progressed, I was pulled further and furth
20、er into the reality that I had made. Grammar no longer existed, as my hands gained acceleration. When I typed the final word, my hands trembled with excitement. Briefly, I read it over and then submitted the draft.In the midst of anxiousness, Mrs Kelley responded. She pointed out some mistakes and g
21、ave some suggestions. Sadly, there were no comments of 5recognition. I fixed the errors and moved on. But when waiting for the final grade, i erased all the unrealistic thoughts that wandered in my mind.In the next class, surprisingly, after handing back my paper, Mrs Kelley mentioned that my story
22、was very good. I looked at her in confusion. Soon excitement stirred inside me. I found a “+5” attached to the score. She had given an extra point in “Plot”,adding an “Excellent!”No other teacher had done this. On that day, I felt what it means to be a writer. Mrs Kelley introduced me to the beauty
23、of literature and made writing so enjoyable.5. What made Mrs Kelley so special according to the author?A. He patience and kindness.B. Her confidence in students.C. Her creative teaching style.D. Her professional knowledge.6. How did the author feel when Mrs Kelley responded at first?A. Excited. B. W
24、orried.C. Surprised. D. Disappointed.7. What was the biggest benefit the author got from Mrs Kelleys class?A. Recognizing his talent.B. Finding the joy of writing.C. Determine his lifetime career.D. Acquiring practical writing skills.【答案】5. C 6. D 7. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者以前一直对写作不感兴趣，在 Kelley 老师的引导下，他逐渐感受
25、到写作的乐趣，继而全身心投入其中，最终获得了老师的肯定。【5 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的最后两句“Unlike other teachers, after instructions, she gave an enormous amount of freedom in what we wrote, allowing us to create our own stories using our imagination. And that mattered most.”可知， “Kelley老师最大的优点在于她的授课方式很有创造性，她给予学生充分的自由，允许他们发挥自6己的想象力来写作” 。
26、由此可知，她的教学很有创造性。分析选项可知 C 正确，故选 C。【6 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Mrs Kelley responded. She pointed out some mistakes and gave some suggestions. Sadly, there were no comments of recognition.”可知，Kelley 老师只是指出了写作中的错误，并提出建议，并没有认可性的评论，这令作者有些沮丧。分析选项可知 D 正确，故意选 D。【7 题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容特别是最后一段的最后两句“On that day, I felt what
27、 it means to be a writer. Mrs Kelley introduced me to the beauty of literature and made writing so enjoyable. ”可知，在 Kelley 老师的教导下，作者由原来的反感到逐渐爱上写作这门课，感受到文学的魅力以及写作的快乐，这是他最大的收获。分析选项可知 B 符合题意，故选 B。CThe idea that you can use humor, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be
28、true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep y
29、ourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will fee
30、l happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old peop
31、le to make play be part of their life as its for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent 7illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive (认知
32、的) falling.8. What can laughter increase according to the author?A. Cognitive ability B. Good relationshipsC. A sense of humor D. Happiness and trust9. What does the author think the old should do?A. They should have a good rest.B. They should play like children.C. They should prevent cognitive fall
33、ing.D. They should take part in physical play10. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Humor, Laughter and Play for HealthB. Always Keep Our Body HealthyC. Have an Active and Happy LifeD. Let Our Body and Mind Relax【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。幽默，笑和玩耍有益于身心健康，作者分别就这三个方面对
34、身心的影响进行了阐述，并呼吁人们应该多利用这三个方面，让生活更加美好。【8 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.”可知当笑声传递开来时，它会让彼此关系更密切，会增加快乐，即使是陌生人，微微一笑也能让你感到快乐。由此可推断出，在作者看来大笑能使人
35、们之间的关系亲密。分析选项可知 B 符合题意，故选B。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, what we often forget is that it is just as 8important for old people to make play be part of their life as its for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness”可知， “我们经常忘记的是，玩对老年人和对孩子是一样重要的，运动、玩耍对老年人很
36、重要，可以帮助预防疾病” 。因此作者认为老年人应该进行身体力行的运动。故选D 。【10 题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是以下几处：第一段“The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.”第二段“Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectiousWhen laughter is shared between people, it
37、makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.”最后一段“Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness.”可知，文章分别就幽默、笑和玩耍对身心的影响进行阐述。说明了幽默，笑和玩耍有益于健康这一一主题。因此分析选项可知 A 符合题意，故选 A。【点睛】确定最佳标题的方法。在阅读文章时，要
38、注意文章中反复出现的或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息。找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题。也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。如第 3 小题，文章反复出现的单词是 stress，这与选项 A 中的 stressful 相照应。寻找文章的主题句，关键是找到文章的主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心集中起来，即为全文的主题句。如第 3 小题属于主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是以下几处：第一段“The sense of humor, laughter a
39、nd play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.”第二段“Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectiousWhen laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.”最后一段“Play is an important part of maki
40、ng sure that we stay healthy. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness.”可知，文章分别就幽默，笑和玩耍对身心的影响进行阐述，说明了幽默，笑和玩耍有益于健康这一一主题。因此分析选项可知 A 符合题意，故选 A。9第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone dreams. If youve ever tried to figure out th
41、e meaning of a strange dream, youre not alone. Humans have been trying to make sense of dreams since recorded history. _11_ Here are some of the findings._12_ People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settings and about blocks in the natural world, such as a log or a rock t
42、hey cant get around.Youve got a heart problem. People who have frequent nightmares may be significantly more likely to suffer from an irregular heartbeat or chest pain. If you have those problems, its more difficult for you to breathe at night. _13_Youre avoiding something. Do you dream about being
43、followed by a stranger, a monster, or a giant tidal wave? This could indicate that youre afraid to deal with something in your daily life. _14_Youll have a good result in a test. Students whose performance improved were those who had dreamed about the maze (迷宫) during the sleep. _15_ This improves l
44、earning and problem-solving skills.Despite the fact that technology has vastly expanded our understanding of dreaming, much of what occurs when were asleep remains as it has always been: a mystery.A. How creative you are.B. Dreaming may strengthen memories.C. What kind of problem solver you are.D. W
45、hat can our dreams tell about ourselves?E. How can we understand better about ourselves?F. That explains why you cannot have a sound sleep.G. Ask yourself what issue or emotion youre faced with.10【答案】11. D 12. A 13. F 14. G 15. B【解析】本文为记叙文。每个人都在做梦，自古以来人们都试图来解梦。但梦能告诉我们什么呢？文章对此做了介绍。【11 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推
46、理判断能力。根据上文“.If youve ever tried to figure out the meaning of a strange dream, youre not alone. Humans have been trying to make sense of dreams since recorded history.”可知，自古以来，人类就一直在试图解释梦的含义。后面的内容主要叙述了梦告诉我们的东西。分析选项可知 D 项（我们的梦想能告诉我们什么？）符合题意，故选 D。【12 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“People with great creativi
47、ty are more likely to dream about unusual settings and about blocks in the natural world” 可知，有创造力的人更有可能梦见自然界中不寻常的环境和石块等，可知，你做梦，说明你很有创造力。分析选项可知 A 符合题意，故选 A。【13 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“经常做噩梦的人可能更容易患上心律不齐或胸痛。如果你有这些问题，晚上呼吸会更困难”可知，如果你有这些病的话，晚上就睡不好。分析选项可知，F 项（这就解释了为什么你不能睡个好觉）符合题意，故选 F。【14 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及
48、推理判断能力。根据前面的内容可知，如果你逃避什么，或被什么跟踪的话，这可能说明生活中害怕处理某些东西。这时就要想想到底你面临的问题是什么。分析选项可知 G 项（问问自己你面对的是什么问题或情绪）符合题意，故选 G。【15 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上句“成绩有提高的学生是那些在睡眠中梦见迷宫的学生” ，可知，走进迷宫，想出去就会去解决问题，这样就能解决问题，提高成绩。及下句“这提高了学习和解决问题的能力” 。由这此可知，做梦有利于记忆强化。分析选项可知 B 项（做梦可以强化记忆）符合题意，故选 B。11第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节：完形填空（共 2
49、0 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life.I had a _16_ job that paid the bills; I had a good family that I was close to, and I had a place to live and money in the bank for trips and _17_, and there was nothing much wrong in my life. _18_, I was bored.I wanted more. I wanted to live _19_ and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the _20_ ones of everyday life. But I was _21_. I had never had any _22_ in myself. As a child, even buying someth
