1、雅思小作文,代词篇一：雅思小作文常见类型解析雅思小作文常见类型解析小作文一般都是图表作文，常见的几种主要类型有：表格图，曲线图，柱状图，饼状图和图画题五大类。一般来说，柱图和线图是每月常考的题型，有时候会有连考或者交替考的趋势。饼图和表格题也是相对频率较高的题型。偶尔也会考综合题。图画题主要分为流程图和地图题，一般每季度轮换题库的时候会出现。不管考到哪种题型，其要求都是一致的，先要挑选重要数值并且在相关处作比较。在雅思 A 类小作文图表题的写作当中，考生经常会碰到图表看懂了，但因数据比较凌乱，找不出很明显的特征，或者找到了很多特征，却不知道应该用什么样的思路来把图表当中的重要信息和规律特征有机
2、自然的联系贯穿起来的情况。专家将从动态图表和静态图表的角度来详细分析小作文的解题思路。一、动态图有时间推移变化的图我们通常叫做动态图。曲线图都是动态图，但是对于表格图，饼图和柱图却有动态和静态之分。对于大多数的动态图我们都可以大致当作线图来处理。动态图重点在数字变化的表达上，利用主语句型的不同和衔接关联词来展开。写好动态图的基础是要准备好三个方面：1. 解题思路1). 表格题的动态题解题思路大致可以分为四步：先相减(年份大的减小的);后分类 (上升一类，下降一类 );挑出极值(最大值); 挑选数值 (倍数关系，变化明显的数值 );2). 线图的解题思路大致分为两种：第一种：按整条线来写(可以把
3、相同趋势的线放在一起，也可把相反趋势的线拿来做对比);挑选重要信息(整体趋势，起点，重点，最高点，最低点); 整体作比较。第二种：按时间区间来写(横轴对上去有共同拐点或交点的分为一段); 对比着写( 强调交点，拐点，最高点，最低点 );3). 动态柱图解题思路：把各个柱子的顶点连起来就是几条线，所以按线图方式处理;4). 动态饼图解题思路：把每种颜色看做一条线，可把相同相反的颜色放在一起写，很多时候也可以把占的比例最大的单独写一部分。2. 基础替换词汇1). 趋势词汇上升动词类：increase, rise, grow, jump, surge, shoot up, soar下降动词类：dec
4、rease, decline, fall down, drop, sink, dip波动动词类：fluctuate持平动词类：remain the same, stabilize, remain stable, remain constant 修饰动词的副词：slightly 轻微地，slowly 缓慢地，gradually 逐渐地，steadily 稳定地，rapidly 迅速地，moderately 温和地，轻微地，significantly 明显地， sharply 明显地，dramatically 急剧地，drastically 急剧地上升名词类：increase, rise, gro
5、wth, jump, surge下降名词类：decrease, decline, fall, reduction, drop波动名词类：fluctuation 修饰名词的形容词：slight, slow, gradual, steady, rapid, moderate, significant, sharp, dramatic, drastic2). 极值类词汇和表达最高点：reach the peak/top/highest pointIncrease to the peak/top/highest point(所有上升类的动词都可以替换掉 increase)最低点：reach the b
6、ottom/lowest pointdrop to the bottom/lowest point(所有下降类的动词都可以替换掉 drop)占了：occupy/make up/take up/account for/represent/constitute3). 倍数的表达方式Double 是两倍/大一倍Increase/decrease three times 增长/减少了三倍4). 大约的表达方式Approximately/About/around+数字3. 常用的小作文的趋势句式表达句式一：变化主体/图画中主体+ 趋势动词+副词+数值+时间区间Eg: The number of aged
7、 people over 65 increased significantly from 1 million in 1940 to 1.2 million in 2000.句式二：There be+形容词+表示趋势的名词 +in+变化的主体+时间区间 Eg: There was a significant increase in the number of aged people over 65 from 1 million in 1940 to 1.2million in 2000.句式三：时间+see/experience/witness+ 表示趋势的名词+in+ 变化的主体+ 数值Eg:
8、 The period from 1940 to 2000 saw an upward trend in the number of aged people over 65 from 1 million to 1.2 million.句式四：表示趋势的名词+be+seen/experienced/witnessed+in+变化的主体+时间Eg: An upward trend was seen in the number of aged people over 65 from 1 million in 1940 to 1.2million in 2000.二、静态图静态图常见的是柱图，饼图和表
9、格题。静态图的写作思路相对比较多元化，重点在比较关系上，利用比较句式和排序方式来展开。我们主要也从以下几个角度来分析：1. 解题思路1). 表格题的静态题解题思路大致可以分为三步：先分类(横向，纵向或者横竖交替);挑出极值( 最大值与最小值 );挑选剩余数值(倍数关系，两个数值，变化明显的数值);2). 静态柱图解题思路：第一种：按颜色来分类;总体做比较。第二种：按特征分(把有相同特征的分在一起);3). 静态饼图解题思路：若单个饼图不相关时，单个饼图分开写最后整体总结;若是同一相关事物的比较也是按颜色特征先分类，后作比较。2. 基础替换词汇1). 占据：take up / make up /
10、 occupy/ account forConstitute / be the instrument of 致成物2). 剩余事物：the restthe remaindersth is in the charge ofdue to/owing to/attributed/ascribed to/ for sth60%= three-fifths/three out of five5/6=five-sixthsa/the majority of = a large portion/ part/ share / proportion/ percentage80% (93%)= a lions s
11、hare/maximal proportion of5%= a minority of, a tiny portion37.8%= comparatively a majority of (50%的最大值)87%/76% = comparatively a minority of3. 静态图表示数值方式句式表达1). 多个事物的排列法一(饼图，柱形图，表格) A is the largest/smallest/longest. B is a close/far second with just+数字 less.或者：which is followed by B. Third comes C w
12、ith only +数字或者：C is close/far behind with +数字或者：C takes third spot/place with +数字 Following C comes D with +数字 Finally/the rest is ,2). 多个事物的排列法二(饼图，柱形图，表格)篇二：雅思小作文范文Line chart/line graphThe line graph illustrates the date about people at a London subway station from 6 am to 10 pm.As we can see from
13、 the line graph, the number of people using this station fluctuates over these 16 hours.More specifically, at first at 6 am the number of people at the station stands at only 100.Then, the number shoots up over the next two hours, peaking at 400 at 8 am.After that, the number declines rapidly for tw
14、o hours, bottoming out at 180 at 10 am.The period between 10 o clock and 12 oclock experiences a slight growth in the number of people in the station, with the number reaching 280 at midday.Numbers in the following two hours level off at just under 300 people.From this point onwards, the number plun
15、ges to only 100 from 2 pm to 4 pm.The next two hours experiences a sharp rise again, with 6 pm arriving at 380 people.After 6 pm, the number falls again, reaching the lowest point of 130 at 8 pm.The period from 8 pm to 10 pm sees a slight rise, but finally the number of people declines again from 18
16、0 at 9 pm to 135 at 10 pm.The graph illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken, and, fish consumed in a particular Europeancountry between 1979 and 2004.Overall, the graph shows the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over
17、the period.In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week.Lamp and chicken were eaten in similar quantities(around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed(just over 50 grams).However ,during this 25-year period the consumption of beef
18、 and lamp fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively.The consumption of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50 grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels to were the stable.The consumption of chicken, in the other h
19、and, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989.By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per week.The graph shows energy consumption in the US from 1980 to 2012, and projected consumption to 2030.Overall, the US will continue to rely on fossil fuels,
20、 with sustainable and nuclear energy sources remaining relatively insignificant.Petrol and oil are the dominant fuel sources throughout the period, with 35 quadrillion (35q) units used in 1980, rising to 42q in 2012.Despite some initial fluctuation, from 1995 there was a steady increase.This is expe
21、cted to continue, reaching 47q in 2030.Consumption of energy derived from natural gas and coal is similar over the period.Form 20q and 15q respectively in 1980, gas showed an initial fall and coal a gradual increase, with the two fuels equal between 1985 and 1990.Consumption has fluctuated since 199
22、0 but both now provide 24q.Coal is predicted to increase steadily to 31q in 2030, whereas after 2014, gas will remain stable at 25q.In 1980, energy from nuclear, hydro- and solar/wind power was equal at only 4q.Nuclear has risen by 3q, and solar/wind by 2.After slight increases, hydropower has falle
23、n back to the1980 figure.It is expected to maintain this level until 2030, while the others should rise slightly after 2025.BAR CHARTThe bar charts illustrate how developing and developed countries participated in education and science in the years of1980 and 1990.In terms of years of schooling, bot
24、h developing countries and industrialized countries experienced stable increase, with the former increasing from 2.5 years of schooling in 1980 to 3.5 years in 1990, and the latter growing from 8.5 years in 1980 to 10.5 years in 1990.When it comes to scientists and technicians per 1000 people, devel
25、oping countries, as well as industrialized countries, show a similarly upward trend.There were about 10 scientists and technicians per 1000 people for developing countries in 1980 while there were approximately 42 people for industrialized countries in the same period.The gap widened in 1990, with 1
26、5 scientists and technicians per 1000 people in less developed countries but 70 in developed countries.Unlike the 2 indicators above-mentioned, spending on research and development has seen a utterly different picture in developing countries.While developed countries have more than doubled their spe
27、nding on Research Development from $150 billion to $350 billion, developing countries diminished theirs from $50 billion to $25 billion.The chart shows the time spent by UK residents on different types of telephone calls between 1995 and 2002.To sum up, although local fixed line calls were still the
28、 most popular in 2002, the gap between the three categories had narrowed considerably over the second half of the period in question.Local fixed line calls were the highest throughout the period, rising from 72 billion minutes in 1995 to just under 90 billion in 1998.After peaking at 90 billion the
29、following year, these calls had fallen back to the 1995 figure by 2002.National and international fixed line calls grew steadily from 38 billion to 61 billion at the end of the period in question, though the growth slowed over the last two years.There was a dramatic increase in mobile calls from 2 b
30、illion to 46 billion minutes.This rise was particularly noticeable between 1999 and 2002, during which time the use of mobile phones tripled.PIE CHARTIt can be concluded from the pie chart that chicken is the most commonly bought meat while others is the least commonly bought meat.As can be seen in
31、the pie chart, chicken, which makes up 40%, is the most popular among the total meat sold, then next is pork with 20%, followed by beef, constituting 18%, and finally come lamb, fish and others at 15%, 5% and 2% respectively.It should be noted that the sale of pork is half as much as that of chicken
32、.And it is also interesting to note that the sale of chicken is 20 times as much as that of others.The charts show how much a UK school spent on different running costs in three separate years:1981,1991 and 2001.Overall, teachers salaries constitutes the largest cost to the school, and while spendin
33、g increased dramatically for equipment and insurance, there were corresponding drops on expenditure on things such as books and on other workers salaries.In all three years, the greatest expenditure was on staff salaries.But while other workers salaries saw a fall from 28% in 1981 to only 15% of spe
34、nding in 2001, teachers pay remained the biggest cost, reaching 50% of total spending in 1991 and ending at 45% in 2001.Expenditure on resources such as books had increased to 20% by 1991 before decreasing to only 9% by the end of the period.In contrast, the cost of furniture and equipment saw an op
35、posite trend.This cost decreased to only 5% of total expenditure in 1991 but rose dramatically in 2001 when it represented 23% of the school budget. Similarly, the cost of insurance saw a rising trend, growing from only 2% to 8% by 2001.篇三：雅思小作文TASK ACHIEVEMENTTR TASK RESPONSEthe information by sele
36、cting and reporting the and where relevant.COHESION COHERENCE 统一性和连贯性（逻辑连接词）LEXICAL RESOURCES 词汇的变化GRAMMATICAL RANGE ACCURACY1.student tries his/her best to prepare IELTS before going abroad to further study. (it is +形容词+that 。 。 。所引导的主语从句 )It is of great value thatIt is of little value thatIt is of
37、 great importance/significance thatIt is of little importance that.It is essential/vital/crucial/indispensable that.It is inevitable thatIt is undoubted thatIt is undeniable thatIt is clearly shown in the chart/graph thatIt is apparent/obvious/conspicuous in the chart/graph that2. 宾语从句I firmly belie
38、ve that.The chart shows that.Some people argue that3. 表语从句 be + THATOne of the advantages is that.The main reason is that4. 同位语从句 Noun. +THAT(解释说明此名词的内容） The fact is true. The fact is that.The fact that. is trueThe phenomenon that is common.The viewpoint that is reasonable/justified/tenable.I believ
39、e thatI subscribe to the belief that.I nurture the belief that.I hold that.I hold the viewpoint thatSome people are in favour of the idea that =some people agree/argue that. =many people reach the consensus that5. 定语从句Beautiful city adj.+noun.学校的校长 n1 +的 +n2the headmaster/principal of the schoolN2 o
40、f N1来自中国的学生The students from ChinaN2 +prep. +N1保护环境的方法The way to protect the environmentN + to do sth （目的关系）站在门口的女孩是我的姐姐The girl standing by the door is my sister.The gift which my father gave me is my favorite.The gift (which was) given by my father is my favorite.The girl is my sister.The girl sta
41、nds by the door.The girl (who )stands(变成 standing，因为是主动关系）door is my sister.The girl standing by the door is my sister.The gift is given by my father.The gift is my favorite.The gift given by my father is my favorite. by theUnderlengthNO of wordsPenaltyOff-topicMemorizedIllegibleNumbersItemsTime per
42、iodIncrease increased an increase Rise rose a rise Growgrewa growth Ascend ascendedan ascent Go up went up an upward trend Climbclimbed a climb Soar soaredSurge surged a surge Rocketrocketeda rocket Jump jumpeda jump Shoot upshot upSpiral spiraleda spiral Leap leaped a leapDip dipped a dip Slide slid a slideDecreasedecreased a decrease Decline declined a decline Descenddescendeda descent Fall fell a fall Go down went downa downward trenddrop dropped a dropplumb plumbeda plumb plunge plunged a plungeplummet plummeteda plummet
