1、五年级英语上学期语法练习姓名 班级 可数名词和不可数名词一、名词:名词是所有事物的名称,包括人、物及抽象概念。名词分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。名词在句子中作主语,宾语或表语等。1普通名词 普通名词是某类人、事件、物体和抽象概念的名称。根据所指代物体的特征,普通名词又可分为以下四类: A个体名词: 表示人或物体中可以数清的单个体。如:student(学生) 、pen(钢笔) 、bird(鸟)等。 B集体名词: (即集合名词)表示由个体组成的集合体。如:people(人民) 、police(警察) 、family(家庭)等C物质名词: 表示构成物体物质的不可数名词,或表示无法分为个体的物质的名词
2、。如:water (水) 、air(空气) 、wood(木头)等。 D抽象名词 : 表示动作、状态、品质、情感等非具体化的抽象概念。如:work(工作) 、peace(和平) 、love(爱)等。 2. 专有名词 : 专有名词是某些人、事物、机构、组织等特有的名称。主要包括:人名、地名、国名、党派名称等。如:Churchill(丘吉尔) 、Tokyo(东京) 、China(中国)等。二、可数名词和不可数名词。1) 可数名词: 一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。例如: a book, two books, a student, three s
3、tudents, a family, many families。名词单数变复数变化如下:1词尾直接加 S 如:catcats bagbags daydays2以 S, SH, CH, X 结尾的词加 ES 如:classclasses matchmatches box- boxes dish - dishes3以辅音加 Y 结尾的词变 Y 为 I, 加 ES. 元音加 Y 结尾的词直接加 S,如: party-parties city-cities story-storiesboy- toys monkey- monkeys key- keys 等.4以 F 或 FE 结尾的词 , 变 F
4、或 FE 为 V, 加 ES,如: wife - wives half- halves 注意特殊情况直接加“S”,要逐个记 chiefs,handkerchiefs, roofs.5以辅音加 O 结尾的词常加 ES, 如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes. 元音加 O 结尾直接加 S. 如:radios, zoos, pianos.特殊情况: photos6名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如: man-men, woman-women, tooth-teeth, goose-geese, foot-feet, child-children, mouse-mice2) 不
5、可数名词不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water 等)及抽象名词(advice, hate)等。所以它通常只有单数形式。如:English, air, water, cotton, work不可数名词表示数量时,可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词+OF+名词。如:a bottle of water,two cups of tea,three pieces of paper注意事项:1不可数名词没有复数变化,不能用 A,AN,但可用 THE,或不用冠词,如:bread is the usual breakfast.2虽然不可数名词没有复数变化,但量词超过一时
6、要加复数。如:three cups of coffee, five bottles of water3有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数,不可数时用单数,可数时用复数,如:ten bags of rice- ten baskets of eggs跟踪练习I.找出下列笑话中的可数名词,并写出其复数形式:In the market, a buyer asked a seller “How much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “But you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “Yes, thats true. Bu
7、t this cat ate a bird last night and the bird was worth 80 dollars!”II.找出不可数名词,在横线上打勾,并将可数名词变成复数形式:homework _half _advice_money _ knowledge _boot _blood _music _chicken _heat _mouth _bread _information _milk _cow _tear _III.选择填空:1The deer has four _.A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots2Her two brothers
8、 are both _.A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens3There are four _ and two _ in the group.A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, Germans4Two _ would come to the village.A. woman-doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors5Can you see nine _ in the picture
9、?A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse6The _ has two _.A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch7The boy often brushes his _ before he goes to bed.A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths8The Japanese _ will not leave China until she finishes her study.A. woman B. women C. man D. men9There are lots of _ in the basket on the table.A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss10. The cat caught two _ last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices