1、1第一章 名词 名词的概念在生活中，我们会接触到各种各样的人和事物，用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词。 一、名词的数名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式。可数名词表示“一个”时用单数， “两个以上”时用复数；不可数名词表示量时，通常用“数词+单位+of+物质名词”的形式，如 a piece of bread (一片面包)， 变为复数时，只须将单位名词变为复数， 如：two pieces of bread(两片面包)。*名词复数的构成法则1. 一般情况下在词尾加 s. 词尾读音shop - shops (商店) 在清辅音后读 s bag - bags (书包) 在浊辅音后读 z window -
2、windows (窗户) 在元音后读 z 2. 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的单词在词尾加 es。class - classes (班级) 词尾读音 iz box - boxes (盒子) match - matches (比赛)brush - brushes (刷子)3. 以“辅音字母 +y” 结尾的词， 变 y 为 i 加 es.story - stories (故事) 词尾读音 iz 4. 以“元音字母 +y” 结尾的词，在词尾直接加 skey - keys 词尾读音 z monkey - monkeys5.以 “o” 结尾的名词， 复数一般在词尾加“s”, 但个别加 “es”to
3、mato - tomatoes (西红柿) 词尾读音 z potato - potatoes (土豆) zoo - zoos (动物园) photo - photos (照片)*（以 “o”结尾，复数加 “es” ）6. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的词，多数变 f 或 fe 为 ves. leaf - leaves (树叶) 词尾读音 vz 2knife - knives ( 小刀) 7. 不规则名词复数的变化man - men (男人) tooth -teeth (牙齿)child - children (儿童) mouse - mice(老鼠)foot - feet (脚) woman - w
4、omen (女人)8. 名词单复数形式一样sheep - sheep (绵羊) deer - deer （鹿）English - English（英国人） Chinese - Chinese（中国人）*（不规则名词变复数）口诀：男人，女人 a 变 e；鹅，足，牙齿 oo 变 ee；其实老鼠也好记 ous 变 ic；孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用记。二、名词所有格的构成法1. 主要是在词尾加 s 构成。如:This is Toms desk . 这是汤姆的书桌。That is Mikes book. 那是迈克的书。2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾 s ,则仅加一个 . 如:the teachers
5、 reading room 教师阅览室the pupils pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒3. 如果原词是复数形式，但不是以 s 结尾， 变为所有格形式需在后面加上 s 。如：the childrens palace 少年宫mens room 男厕所*名词所有格口诀：名词所有格，s 前面加一撇 ，复数 s 放在尾，后加一撇就完结，两人共有算一个，后面只加一个撇。名词练习题一、 写出下列名词的复数形式computer _ apple _ house _ sheep_watch _ tomato _ child _tooth_ 3foot _ wife _potato _day _ gl
6、ass_radio _zoo_ life _ story_leaf _ baby_dress _ deer_class_ key_English_mouse_man _country _ tooth _ mouse _ boy_tree horse _ bus_ fox _ baby family _ photo _ piano _woman_book_dress_ sheep_ tea_box_strawberry_ peach_sandwich_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ people _ fish_二、填入所给名词的正确形式1. I have tw
7、o_ (knife)2. There are many _ here. (box)3. There are many _ on the road. (bus)4. A few _ are drawing on the wall. (boy)5. The _ are playing football now. (child)6. Please take two _ for me. (photo)7. I like the red _.(tomato)8. Would you please clean your _ now? (tooth)9. Do you want some _? (milk)
8、10. There are ten _ _in our school. (woman teacher)三、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This dog is brown._2. There is a book and a pen on the table._3.That woman is a teacher.41This sheep is white._2. There is a desk and a chair in the room._3.That man is a doctor.三、选择填空( )1There are two _ in the room.A. Chineses B. Eng
9、lishman( )2.The old man will have _ out.A. two tooths B. two teeth( )3. _ are sold in this bookstore.A. Childrens books B. Children books( )4. Some friends of _ will come here.A. Johns B. John ( )5. Can you give me _?A. some papers B. a piece of paper( )6.There are _ on the floor.A. some box B. some
10、 boxes( )7. The _ in our yard are very beautiful.A. cloth B. water C. flowers( )8. Tom is one of the Chinese _ in our school.A. boy B. boys C. boies( )9. A cat has four _ , doesnt it?A. foots B. feet C. feets( )10. There are three _ and five _ in the room.A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese
11、C. American, Japanese( )11. Can you see nine _ in the picture?A. fish B. book C. horse( )12. The _ has two_.A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; 5watch( )13. The _ are flying back to their country.A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans( )14. The girl brushes her _ every day before she goes to bed.A. to
12、oths B. teeth C. teeths ( )15.I saw many _ in the street.A. peoples B.people C.peoples( )16.The green sweater is his _.A.brother B.brothers C.brothers( )17. They come from different _A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys( )18. How many _ do you see in the picture?A. tomatos B. tomatoes C.
13、 tomato D. the tomato( )19. They are_.A . woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher( )20. Would you like _ ,please?A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters( )21. Most of _ live in _.A. Germans, German B. German, Germen C.
14、Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany( )22. There are some _ in these _.A. knifes pencil-boxes B. knives pencils-boxC. knives pencil-box D. knives pencils-boxes( )23. _ like _ by air.A. Greens, travelling B. The Green, traveling 6C. The Greens, travel D. The Greens, traveling( )24. I wonder why _ are
15、interested in action films(武打片).A. the people B. people C. peoples D. the peoples( )25. There is no _ in the plate.A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs( )26.My uncle has three _.A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens四、判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“ ”1The house is my brother. _2. He has visited many country. _3. They are Englishs. _4. This is Tom red bike. _五、汉译英1Tom 的足球 _ 2. 老师们的自行车_3学生们的课桌 _ 4.哥哥的文具盒_5姑姑的卡片 _ 6.猴子们的香蕉_7蚂蚁们的早餐 _ 8.妈妈的包_9姐姐的连衣裙_ 10 女孩们的苹果_六、把下列句子翻译成英文1这些 是 Peter 的篮球吗？ _2这个是老师的钢笔吗？ _3有一些书在 Sam 的课桌上。_74有一些孩子们在教室里。_
