1、倒装句,081040802 付秋霞 081040820 杨孟闺 081040822 杨钦,部分倒装由于语法和修辞的原因将助动词（包括系动词，情态动词等）提到主语前面，这种倒装称为部分倒装，部分倒装有如下几种情况：1）疑问句中的部分倒装一般疑问句，将助动词置于主语之前，构成语法倒装；以疑问词为宾语，表语或状语的特殊疑问句需要将疑问词置于主语前，构成语法倒装。 例如：Where have you been these days?Have you heard from Jane lately?Do you like reading Pride and Prejudice?但是，要注意的是：特殊疑问句
2、中，如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，无需倒装。例如：Who let out the secret?What color is the new carpet?,2) only修饰状语时的部分倒装“only +状语或状语从句”位于句首时，句子的主语或主句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。例如：Only in the small town does he feel secure and relaxed.只有在你的内心中，你才能找到真正的平静。Only in your own heart can you find the true peace.3）表示否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时的部分倒装此类副词和连词主要有
3、not , little , hardly , no sooner.than , , hardlywhen , not onlybut also , at no time ,by no means , on no condition , in no case , nowhere , seldom等等。例如：Never once have the old couple quarreled with each other since they were married forty years ago.Seldom do I go out alone in the evening.我刚到家就下起了雨
4、。No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.,我们刚吃完晚饭就停电了。Hardly had we finished our dinner when the electricity was cut off.4)在含有had , were , should的虚拟条件句中部分倒装在含有had , were , should的虚拟条件句中可以省略if，将 had , were , should放在主句之前，构成部分倒装：例如：Were it to rain , the crops would be saved.Had you come here ,
5、you would have met the film star.The witness was told that under no circumstances should he lie to the court .5) sothat的so出现于句首时的部分倒装在sothat句式中，如果so引导的部分前置，主句中的主语和谓语需用部分倒装。例如：So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.So fast do you speak that I can hardly follow you.,6)当so , neither ,
6、 nor位于句首时，可将其后与上面重复的谓语 的一部分置于主语之前，构成部分倒装。例如：She has been to Beijing and so have I .I havent heard Professor White and neither has Xiao Ming .我没有听说过怀特教授，小明也没听说过他。这要注意的是：So位于句首时，具备三个条件才可以将主语和谓语部分 倒装：(1)so表示“也”的意思;(2)上句是简单句的肯定句；(3)上句的主语和so引导的句子主语不同。So如果作“是的，的确”讲，则不倒装。例如：I promised to buy my son a nice
7、gift ,and so I did .,7)may表示祝愿时用部分倒装May表示祝愿时，需将may放在主语之前。例如：May you have wonderful holiday !May they live long !May you have a nice trip !8)以as , though引导的让步状语从句中的部分倒装在as , though引导的让步状语从句中，表语放在句首时，若主语是名词，主语可以倒装，也可以不倒装。主语是代词时，不倒装。（as引导让步状语从句时不可置于句首，应把作表语的形容词、名词、动词和副词提到as的前边。）例如：Terrible as was the s
8、torm , we continued our way .Child though he was ,he was able to stand on his own feet .尽管他们在搜寻，但他们在房子里什么也没找到。Search as they would , they could find nothing in the house .,部分倒装,1）疑问句中的部分倒装,2) only修饰状语时的部分倒装,3）表示否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时的部分倒装,4)在含有had , were , should的虚拟条件句中部分倒装,6)当so , neither , nor位于句首时，可将其后与
9、上面重复的谓语 的一部分置于主语之前，构成部分倒装,7)may表示祝愿时用部分倒装,8)以as , though引导的让步状语从句中的部分倒装,5) sothat的so出现于句首时的部分倒装,完全倒装,把整个谓语提到主语前面就称为完全倒装。主要有以下几种情况：,1）表示方向,地点,时间的副词放在句首时的全部倒装,表示方向,地点,时间的副词in,out,down,up,off,back,away,over there,there,now,then,here,first等放于句首，若主语是名词而不是代词时，则全部倒装：,例如：Down come all of you.,（来了一个小姑娘），wear
10、ing a white skirt with two long pigtails.,A:In came a girl B:A girl came in C:Came in a girl,答案：A,2）表示方向,地点,时间等的介词短语放在句首时的全部倒装,In front of the village runs a river.,桌子上有几本文学名著,On the desk lie several literary classics.,3)分词短语置于句首时的全部倒装,Lying on the floor was a boy aged about twelve.,坐在前排的是客人,Seated in the front were the guests.,4)表语+系动词+主语 结构中的全部倒装,出席会议的是心理学方面的专家,Present at the meeting were experts on psychology.,Thank you,
