1、现在完成时,1.She works in a factory. 2.I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 3.We are going to have a picnic this Sunday.4.They held a sports meeting last week.5.Are you helping your mother .,现在完成时,1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。,2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态,动词构成：have/has+v过去分词,have breakfast,I have just had my
2、breakfast.,(现在我不饿),Im not hungry now,moved here in 2000,I still live here,I have lived here for three years.,I have lived here since 2000/three years ago.,Pay attention 注意,1.现在完成时句中常见的时间状语 A.表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体过去时间,( 1).for+表示一段时间的短语( 2).since+表示过去时间点的词语( 3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句,eg.I have been a teach
3、er _ a year.He has been at this school _ 1992.We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.,for,since,since,B.just,already,yet,before/ ever,never有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续.,eg.Have you _been to Japan?I have _ finished my homework.I have finished my homework _.I havent finished my homewo
4、rk _.,ever,just,already,yet,.2 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与一些时间状语,如:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice等连用，也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语，如these days, today, this year, so far等连用。,3. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用, 如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等: Peter has wri
5、tten six papers so far. Up to the present everything has been successful.,现在完成时的“未完成用法“ 指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。这里的动词要用持续性动词。常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点）连用. Mary has been ill for three days. Mary has been ill since three days ago.,2.区分短暂性动词与持续性动词.表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.即for,since短语或how
6、long问句,I have bought this pen for two months.The play has begun for an hour.Tom has joined the army for five years.The dog has died for a month. I have come here for forty days.,come/arrive go out leave begin buy borrow join die catch a cold,be,be out,be away (from),be on,have,keep,be a member of,be
7、 dead,have a cold,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,现在完成时所表明的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，强调的是现在的情况，不可以和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, in 1991, three days ago last time, last night等连用,一般过去时表明的是过去发生的事实，和现在不发生关系。,(一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。,1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -_you_ your homework yet? A. Do;
8、 finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished 2. -_ you _anywhere before? -Yes, but I cant remember where I_ A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed,当句中有“for +段时间“或“since +点时间“等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词,1. His brother has been t
9、o Stone Forest twice_he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for2. Tom_the CD player for two weeks.A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had,3. I_a letter from him since he left. A. didnt receive B. havent got C. didnt have D. havent heard,考查have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone
10、(to)的区别,1. -Have you ever_Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors? -Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to 2. My parents _ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been,3. I wont go to the concert because I _my ticket. A. lost B. dont lose C.
11、 have lost D. is coming,现在完成进行时,主语+have（has）been+动词-ing,（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去,The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去） I have been learning English since three years ago. 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。 （动作还将继续下去）I study for Engilsh since 10 years ago.,（二）表示在说话时刻
12、之前到现在正在进行的动作。,We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等),（三）有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。 They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years.,（四）大多数现在
13、完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。,I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去） 我一直在写一本书。 I have written a book.（动作已经完成） 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他们造了一座桥。,（五）表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 * I have been knowing. 这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢，hate讨厌，等。,
