1、诊断,分析,对症下药,沟通交流：师 生,观察：作业，练习，考试,经验：教学经验与教学知识,资源：网络，书籍，资深教师,沟通交流：师 生,词汇：结合语音；善于利用；有用词汇整理笔记,语法：讲解与巩固强化,阅读：跳读与略读；提取关键信息；标记，带着问题找答案,写作：寻找写作思路；有用 书面表达，文章格式规范,中等生英语辅导方案,高中,定语从句,重 难 点 解 析 之,2012.2.19,that/which辨析,命题趋势,定语从句一直是高考试题命题重点及高频语法点。以2011年为例，全国各地高考英语试题中共有16道单选题涉及定语从句的用法。2010年同样有16道。定语从句中的一些细微知识点是重要考
2、点，因其难以辨析，容易被考生混淆，造成失分。,引导定语从句的关系代词,Review,先行词,成分,Which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,These are the trees which were plantedlast year.,The car（which） he is driving ismade in Japan.,He is the man (that) I told you about.,That 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,A plane is a machine that can fly.,that,That和which都可
3、以指物，均可在句中作主语和宾语。作宾语时均可省略，在很多场合中可以互换。,共同点,The movie (which) I watched last week made me cry.,The movie (that) I watched last week made me cry.,差别,在一些较为特殊的场合中，which和that又具有各自的用法，不能混用。,关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，一般用which,不用that。 （2011全国卷II第7题）Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shir
4、t, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. A. this B. that C. what D. which 答案：D （10四川卷第10题）After graduating from college, I took some time off to go traveling， _ turned out to be a wise decision Athat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere 答案：B,只能用which的情况,That, ,当关系代词前有介词，即介词提前时，指人只用whom, 指物只用which，不用that。 （2011浙
5、江卷第8题）English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those 答案：A （10浙江第3题）The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of _left their village homes for a better life in the city. Awhom Bwhich Cthem Dthose PS：当介词位于定语
6、从句末尾时，指物时既可用 which也可用that。 Is this the play _ you were talking about just now?,(which/that), ,当先行词为all, one, few, little, no, some, any等词，或 everything, nothing, nobody, none等不定代词时。如： （10湖北77）My mother was so proud of all _（我所做的）that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (do) 答案：that I had done,只能用
7、that的情况,Which,（10全国16）I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what,Which, ,如果先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词常用that,不用which。如：The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this country.,当先行词被first, second等序数词修饰时,一般只用that。如： The first gift that I r
8、eceived will be my best memory.,This is the fifth novel that I have read., 当主句中的先行词为who或which时，关系代词只能用that。如： Who _ you have ever known can do this job better? Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?,that,当主句的先行词既指人又指物时，只能用that来引导。如： Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked ab
9、out just now.,当主句中先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时，一般只用that。如： This is the very book that belongs to him. This is the last play that I would like to watch.,exercise,1. Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. A. that B. whom C. where D. which 2. A victim is a person, anima
10、l or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc. A. which B. why C. when D. that 3. Who is the girl _ is standing under the tree? A. when B. as C. that D. which 4. Everything _ we saw in this film was true. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 5. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. it,小结,当主句中的先行词指物时，究竟是使用which还是that须根据具体情况而定。在大多数情况下，二者可以互换。但是在少数特殊情况下，它们有各自不同的用法，不能混淆使用。Which和that的辨析是常见考点，需要多加注意。,Thank you！,
