1、课程名称: 英语写作,课时总数: 162=32,课程要求:1. 注意英语写作规范2.了解英语写作教学方法3. 熟悉并掌握常用文体的写作4. 积极参与课堂教学活动、认真完成习作,课 程 安 排,课 程 介 绍,写作规范:,符号: 逗号、句号、顿号不分 英汉句号不分；连字符和破折号英语无顿号、书 名号,大 写:专有名词、句首、标题实词首字母,空格: 段落开头空4个字符每个标点符号后空1个字符,Example,The celebration of western festival Now a days, There is a noticeable phenomenon that we can not
2、 to ignore: more and more peopletoday in china , like western festival .such as Christmas ,valentines day . while they often neglecting traditional Chinese holidays.,This phenomenon happens for many reasons, why are there changes in china? In my opinion, there are two major reasons: on the one hand,
3、 in recently years, a lot of Chinese people influenced by western cultures, such as they like watch the western films , western music , people feel the western festival more fashionable and interesting. On the other hand, they are think that the western culture is relatively strong and the western f
4、estival more human touch , such as :they think the valentines day is more romatic than china and the Fathers Day attach great love to family . Although there are many traditional festival in china , people always attracted by western festival .,In my view ,as a Chinese , We can learn from western an
5、d follows fashions or have common chance to enjoy happy but we should strive to carryforward the traditional culture. At the same time, weshould never forget ours glory cultures.,文 体 介 绍,记叙文: 记人、记事,说明文:解释、说明事物，例如: 广告、说明书、提示,应用文: 用来处理实际事务，例如: 书信、通知、海报、简历等。,议论文:对某一问题或现象进行议论、发表看法、说明理由。三要素:论点（观点）、论据（理由和
6、事实)论证(用论据证明论点 ）。,课 程 介 绍,结果:教师提供题目和范围-学生写作-教师反馈,过程:构思、收集资料、写作、修改定稿,体裁分析:了解不同体裁文章的结构和写作方法、掌握准确的语言形式、避免知识的模糊 性和重复性解释、提高对语言进行运用和选择的注意力。,综合: 综合运用上述写作方法，取长补短,写长法: as lon as possible,写 作 教 学 方 法,体验式:,评 改 方 法,自评,互评,教师评,课 程 介 绍,书 面 反 馈 类 型,课 程 介 绍,A. 纠错性反馈,B. 非纠错性反馈,直接错误纠正反馈,间接错误纠正反馈,重新表述,仅指出错误的存在,上 标明位置,上
7、错误代码,上 语法说明,评思想内容（肯定、否定、中性）,评组织结构（同上）,评语法或语言使用（同上）,总体改进意见,鼓励的话语,好词好句,应 用 文 写 作,邀 请 信,称呼: Dear John; Dear Mr. Smith; Dear Professor;Dear Sir/ Madam,2. 主体: 邀请的事由；活动的时间、地点；注意事项；期待对方接受邀请；表示感谢,3. 结尾: Yours sincerely,Wang Hui,应用文写作,邀 请 信,常用句式,1. May I have the honor to invite you to?,2. I wonder if you wo
8、uld like to .,3. I shall be very glad if .,4. Please accept our warm invitation.,5. We are looking forward to .,6. RSVP 请回复,应用文写作,The Office of the President of Kunming University requests the pleasure of Mr. John Smith to an International Education Conference At 9:00 a.m. On March 10, 2012 At the L
9、ibrary 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, Yunnan RSVP by February 20, 2012,应用文写作,接受邀请,February 15, 2012 Dear Sir/Madam,It is my pleasure to accept your kind invitation to attend the conference mentioned in your letter. I believe the conference will be of great value and it will play an important role in the wor
10、ldwide educational field.Thank you very much for your invitation. I am looking forward to meeting you.Yours sincerely.John Smith,应用文写作,谢绝邀请,February 15, 2012 Dear Sir/ Madam,Please accept my sincere regrets for not being able to attend the conference mentioned in your letter because of my schedule.T
11、hank you for your invitation.Yours sincerely,John Smith,应用文写作,Practice,以ABC公司总经理George Washington 的名义邀请华成 公司总经理前来参加2012年5月9日上午10点在翠湖宾馆 举行的公司10周年庆典。留下电话号码和地址，请于4月 20日前回复。,回复ABC 公司总经理是否能参加庆典。,Mr. George Washington General Manager of ABC Company Requests the pleasure of / invites Mr. John BrownGeneral
12、Manager to the 10th anniversary At 10:00 a.m. On May 9th, 2012 At Green Lake Hotel 128 South Cuihu Road Kunming Yunnan RSVP by April 20,2012 Tel: Fax: E-mail,应用文写作,感谢信,1. 称呼: 同前,2. 主体: 感谢的原因，例如接受帮助的具体事例，自己受到的益处。以再次表达感谢之情结尾，表达继续 合作、保持联络、有机会报答对方的愿望等。,3. 结尾: 同前,应用文写作,常用句式,1. Thank you very much for .,2
13、. Thank you again for .,3. I am looking forward to .,应用文写作,Practice,你收到朋友李平从美国寄来的一份生日礼物，写信表示感 谢，谢谢她记得你的生日，表达你永远不会忘记你们的美 好回忆。任何语言都不能表达你的真挚谢意。期待早日见 面。,February 25, 2012 Dear Li Ping,Im writing to say “Thank you” for your nice birthday gift from America. I like it very much.Im very glad that you still
14、remember my birthday. Ill never forget the beautiful days we spent together. Thank you more than I can say.Im looking forward to seeing you soon.Yours, Lily,应用文写作,求职信 (application letter),1. 称呼: 同前,2. 主体: 说明求职信息的来源、应聘的职位、个人基本情况、工作成绩等事项；介绍自己相关的学历水平、经历、成绩以及能胜任的各种能力，如专业知识、社会经验、特长等；希望对方予以答复，并盼望能够得到面试的机会
15、。,3. 结尾: 同前,应用文写作,常用句式,1. I am writing to apply for the position of .,2. I enclose my resume together with a recent photo.Enclosed are my resume together with a recent photo.,3. I am looking forward to hearing from you.,4. I hope you can give me the opportunity of an interview.,应用文写作,Practice,毕业于云南大
16、学计算机专业的Peter Jones, 于2012 年4 月18日给宏达软件公司经理John Brown写求职信。内容 如下: (1) 获得信息的渠道: 2012年4月16KunmingDaily. 个人基本情况:性格外向，易与人沟通；从事过超市导购 工作，具有一定销售经验；学过心理 (psychology)、市场营销学(marketing)等课程，成绩优秀。,March 10, 2012 Dear Mr. John Brown,Id like to apply for the post of sales advertised in Kunming Daily of March 6, 2012
17、. Im easy-going and I have had experience in sales as a shop assistant in a supermarket. I have studied Psychology and Marketing, majoring in Computer Science at Yunnan University.I hope you can give me an opportunity for an interview.Im looking forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely,Peter Jone
18、s,应用文写作,通知( Notice),标题: 位于正上方居中。常见的有Notice, Poster, Lost and Found,2. 正文: 书面通知不用称呼语，直接写出事情的具体时间、 地点、出席对象及有关注意事项。口头通知有称呼语，如，Ladies and Gentlemen.Attention, please.,3. 结尾: 发通知的单位、部门（右下角）及时间（左下角）,应用文写作,常用句式,1. All are requested to meet/ attend .,2. All are warmly welcome.,应用文写作,Practice,讲座内容: 中国文化 讲座时间
19、: 2012年6月2日下午2点 讲座地点: 学生会堂 主 讲: 李平教授 出席人员: 全体教师和学生 通知单位: 学生会 通知时间: 2012年5月30日,NoticeProfessor Li Ping will give a lecture on Chinese culture at 2:00 p.m. on June 2, 2010 at Students Hall. All the teachers and students are requested to attend.Students UnionMay 30, 2012,应用文写作,电子邮件(E-mail),邮件头: From:To
20、:Subject:Date:,2. 正文: 邮件内容，格式同常规信件,3. 结尾: 同前,应用文写作,Practice,电子邮件写作: 自拟,应用文写作,备 忘 录 (Memo),文件头: From: To: Subject: Date: ,2. 正文: 简明扼要地交代事情；具体事项准确无误；每件事情另起一段。,3. 结尾: 用一句概括性的话语希望收件人对内容尽快做出反应，语言简洁礼貌。,应用文写作,常用句式,1. Id like to remind you of / that .,2. If you need further information, please contact meat
21、any time.,3. If there is any problem, please let me know.,应用文写作,Practice,发件人: 李丹洋(秘书),收件人: Mr. White(经理),主题: 年会,日期: 2012年4月8日,内容: 本周三(2012年4月10日)上午9点参加深圳国际有限公司在明和酒店召开的年会(annual meeting)；祝贺稿(congratulation speech)已写好放在办公桌上。如有问题，请告知。,From: Li Danyang To: Mr. White Subject: Annual Meeting Date: April 8
22、, 2012Id like to remind you of the annual meeting of Shenzhen International Co. Ltd. at 9:00 a.m. on Wednesday April 10, 2012 at Minghe Hotel. Thecongratulation speech is on your desk. If there isany problem, please let me know.,应用文写作,名 片 (Name Card),格式: 左对齐或居中；,2. 内容: 单位名称（全称、大写）；姓名；职位；地址（从小到大、门牌号与
23、街道名称须在同一行) 邮编；电话；传真；邮箱,3. 联系方式的常用缩略词: Add.; Tel.; P.C.; Fax; E-mail,4. 书写顺序: 按以上内容的顺序,Kunming UniversityName Title Add.: 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China Tel.: 0871 Fax: 0871 E-mail:,图 标,应用文写作,简 历(Resume),个人信息: 姓名、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、国籍、地址、联系方式等,2. 教育背景: 起止时间和学校、专业及课程、学业证书、进修情况,3. 工作经历: 从事过的兼职或专职工
24、作，从最近一次工作开始，按时间顺序列出,4. 其它情况: 兴趣爱好、相关资质证明等,应用文写作,Resume Name: Address: Date of Birth: Sex: Male/ Female Marital Status: Single/ Married Job Objective: Education: Work Experience: Others:,应用文写作,Please Print Entry/Exit Card Name in Full _ Surname _ Male Female Nationality _ Date of Birth _ Occupation _
25、 Passport Type and No. _ Visa Type and No. _ Issued by _ Accompanied by _ Port and Date of Entry/ Exit _ Tourist or not _ Signature _,应用文写作,广 告（Advertisement）,omit（省略） unnecessary expressionsabbreviate（缩写） words and phrasesshorten（缩短） verb phrasessimplify（简化） or leave out（省略） punctuation,应用文写作,广 告,J
26、ob Available Cashier bilingual in English & Chinese Female, aged 20- 40 Flex. hrs. with a total of 40 a week Salary:$8,00 per hr. Call Nancy Black Tel.: 3-4677981 Add.: 28 New York Street,应用文写作,Practice,Mary needs a private Chinese tutor to teach her 7-year-old daughter 10 hours a week. And she woul
27、d like the tutor to be male, aged 2025. She can offer $10 per hour plus lunch. Her telephone number is 09994888666.,Job Available Chinese tutor for 7-year-old girl Male, aged 20- 25 10 hrs. a week Salary:$10 per hr. Call Mary Tel.: 09994888666,应用文写作,应用文写作测验,Write a personal letter on the information
28、given below,You have just returned home after a pleasant visit to a friend in another city. Write a letter thanking him /her for his/her hospitality（好客）and saying what youve enjoyed most while you were there.,说明文写作,说 明 文 种 类,1. 图表写作: 变化、原因或意义、结论,2. 比较写作: 两种或几种类似事物的优缺点、说明自己的看法，并加以论证,3.解释和分析社会现象或社会问题:
29、（1）什么现象或问题（2）产生的原因或可能造成的影响（3）应采取的措施,说明文写作,图 表,说明文写作,说明文写作,图 表,Key Words,1. 图表: table, graph, chart, pie,diagram,2. 数据: figure, statistics, number,3. 说明: show, indicate, illustrate,4. 变化: change, difference, increase/rise, fall/drop,stable, constant, steady,5. 修饰词: great, slight, slow, rapid, sudden,
30、说明文写作,图 表,6. 倍数: double, triple, twice/ 3 times as much/ many as,7. 占百分比: take up/ make up/ account for %,8. 结论: conclude that , come to the conclusion that draw the conclusion that in conclusion,说明文写作,US Spending Pattern in 1966,The pie chart above shows the spending pattern in the U.S. in 1966. On
31、 the top of the list is food, which took up 44%, while at the bottom is computers, which only accounted for 1%. Cars madeup 23%. The other items are furniture 10%, petrol 9%, restaurant 7% and books 6%.,The following reasons may account for the phenomenon. First, Americans spent almost half of their
32、 salary on food because their standard of living was low and food was their fundamental need. Second, computers accounted for only 1% because science and technology was not so advanced then and computers were not so popular. Last, cars made up 23% because people traveled frequently.,In conclusion, w
33、hen peoples salary and standard of living is low, people have to spend large part of their salary on food to meet their fundamental need. However, with the development of science and technology and with the improvement of peoples living standard, people will spend less on food and more on others, su
34、ch as cars and computers.,说明文写作,US Spending Pattern in 1996,说明文写作,说明文写作,图 表,Players Annual Salaries,This graph shows the changes of 3 kinds of players annual salaries and the difference among their salaries from the year 1970 to the year 2000. As fro the difference, from the year 1970 to the year 19
35、80, there was hardly any difference among these 3 kinds of players salaries, but from the year 1985 to the year 2000, the difference was dramatic. The greatest difference was between the basketball players and the football players. The baseball players salaries was between these two. When it comes t
36、o the change, the change of basketball players was greatest. During the 30 years,basketball players almost increased 25 times, baseball players almost 15 times and football players almost 8 times.,The following reasons may account for the phenomenon. Firstly, Secondly, . Last but not the least, .,Fr
37、om the analyses above, we may come to the conclusion that .,说明文写作,图 表,USA Intercity Travel,According to the chart given above, we can see the great change of means of transportation for USA intercity travel during the 100 years from the year 1900 to the year 2000. During the 40 years from the year 1
38、900 to the year 1940, Americans travels from city to city only by train. From the year 1940 on, Americans took buses and planes besides trains to travel from city to city. From the year 1940 to the year 1960, there was hardly any difference in the number of people who travelled between cities by tra
39、in, bus and air. However, from the year 1960 to the year 2000, increasing number of Americans traveled,说明文写作,说明文写作,说明文写作,说明原因,1. There are several reasons for this.,2. The reasons for this are as follows.,e.g. There are three reasons for the changesthat have taken place in our life. Firstly， peoples
40、 living standard has been greatlyimproved. Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least，more and more people preferto enjoy modern life.,说明文写作,说明文写作,说明文写作,2002.6,Student Use of Computers,1. 某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间:1990：less than 2 hrs.；1995: almost 4 hr
41、s.； 2000: 20 hrs.,The graph shows the general trend in student use of computers. It can be seen easily that the average time a college student spent on computer per week has increased sharply during 10 years. In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995,it increased to almost 4 hours; while in 200
42、0, the number was 20 hours, 10 times of the number of 1990 and 5 times of the number of 2000.,2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（用途、价格、社会发展）,There are several reasons for this. First, the price of computers is getting lower and lower so that more and more students can afford them. Also, computers are useful in more as
43、pects of life such as study, work and entertainment.Moreover, the rapid development of the Internet has changed our life dramaticaly. For example, we can contact our friends in different places through the Internetwe also can shop, study, play games or watch movies on line.,3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问
44、题。,In my opinion, the trend may lead to some problems. The most serious one is that it is likely that most college students spend more time on entertainment such as games or movies online than on study. This may distract them from their study. It is most probably that some of them have to give up th
45、eir study. Therefore, college students should limit their time spent on computers.,Leading Causes of Road Accidents in China,1. Report the information given in the graph,The graph above shows us the percentage of accidents in China. From the graph, we can see that motor vehicles are the leading caus
46、e of road accidents in China, which take up 50%. Bicycles, the next main cause, make up 35%. As for pedestrians, the percentage is almost 10%, while others only account for a little more than 5%.,2. introduce the causes/reasons,The reasons for this are as follows. First, more and more people own the
47、ir private cars, so the number of motor vehicles is increasing dramatically. Second, most of the people who ride bicycles are teenagers and they are not careful enough. Last, some pedestrians are careless while crossing the road so that they dont see or hear motor vehicles are coming.,3. give some s
48、uggestions,Effective measures should be taken to reduce road accidents. For example, drivers should slow down at crossroads and mustnt run the traffic lights. Bicycle-riders and pedestrians should be careful while crossing the roads, for instance, they should stop, look around then walk across the roadwhen the road is clear.,结尾段: 展望或建议常用句型,4. It is time that ,5. Only can this problem be solved in near future.,6.Why not ?,3. It is important/ wise/ necessary to ,2. We should ,
