1、直接引语变间接引语,授课人 ：陈文霞,Direct speech and indirect speech,Direct speech,Indirect speech,直接引述别人的话，要加引号. The boy said , “Im reading a book .”,用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号。 The boy said (that) he was reading a book.,一、如何变人称 ： 口诀：一随主，二随宾 ， 第三人称不更新。,“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said.
2、 “My brother wants to go with me. “ She said her brother wanted to go with her.,“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语,也可以用第一人称，如：,He said to Kate. “How is your sister now?“He asked Kate how her sister was then .,“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句
3、中的人称一般不需要变化如：,Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.“ Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker .,二、如何变时态,直接引语变间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整 1）一般现在时 一般过去时She said :“I am a student .”She said she was a student . 2)一般将来时 过去将来时 She said, “he will go to see his friend .” She said he would go to see his friend. Tom said
4、, “I am going to play basketball tomorrow .” Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow . 3)现在进行时 过去进行时 She said, “Im reading a book .” She said she was reading a book . 4）现在完成时 /一般过去时 过去完成时 My mother said, “I have already cleaned the house.”My mother said she had already cleaned the house. “
5、Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.,注意以下几种情况时态不变,直接引语是客观真理。 “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the e
6、arth。 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如： Jack said. “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?“ Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980。“ Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。,直接引语如果
7、是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：,He said, “I get up at six every morning“ He said he gets up at six every morning . 如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：Peter said. “You had better come here today。” Peter said I had better go there
8、 that day。The doctor said , “You should stay in bed for two days .” The doctor said I should stay in bed for two days .,三、如何变状语,直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的(here there )，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：He said, “These books are mi
9、ne.“ He said those books were his. 谓语动词的变化： 直接引语：must come bring 间接引语：had to go take She said , “I will come here this morning . ” She said that she would go there that morning .,ago before ; this morning that morning ; yesterday the day before ; tomorrow the next day ;next week the following week /
10、the next week ; yesterday morning the morning before,四、如何变句型：,直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如： She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.“ She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如： He said, “Can you swim, John?“ He asked John if
11、he could swim. “You have finished the homework, havent you?“ my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. “Do you go to school by bus or by bike?“ He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, “When do
12、 they have their dinner?“ She asked me when they had their dinner.,直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为 “tell(ask, order, beg等) sb. (not) to do sth. ”句型。如：,“Dont make any noise,“ she said to the children. She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. “Bring me a cup of tea, please,“ said she. She asked him t
13、o bring her a cup of tea. 直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词（或从句）。”如： He said, “Lets go to the film.“ He suggested going to the film. 或He suggested that they should go to see the film.,Fill in the blanks,1. Mr. Liu said, “She gets up late.”Mr. Liu said that _ _ up late.2. He said to me, “
14、I can finish my homework now.”He said to me that _ _ finish his homework _.3. “My brother joined the army in 1970,” he said.He said that _ brother _ the army in 1970.4. “I want to go to see a movie,” said Mary.Mary said _ _ to go to see a movie.5. Mum said, “I put your coat here.”Mum said that _ put
15、 _ coat _.6. He said, “My brother doesnt want to come here now.”He said that his brother _ want to _ _ _.7. Betty said, “These apples are Linglings.”Betty said _ apples _ Linglings.8. Tony said, “We are going to Guangzhou tonight.”Tony said _ _ going to Guangzhou _ _.,she got,he could,then,his,joine
16、d,she wanted,she,my,there,didnt,go there then,those,were,they were,that night,Complete the following sentences,1. Betty said, “The earth goes around the sun.” Betty said _. 2. His father told him, “Please go home after school.” His father told him _. 3. Mum said, “Mary is doing her homework in the r
17、oom.” Mum said _. 4. She asked, “Are you leaving today ortomorrow?” She asked _ 5. “Who will go to meet him?” asked my friend. My friend asked me _ .,the earth goes around the sun,to go home after school,Mary was doing her homework in the room,whether/if we were leaving that or the next day,who woul
18、d go to meet him,Summary,1 当直接引语是陈述句：由（that）引导 主语（said）+句子（时态作相应变化）told 2 当直接引语是一般疑问句：用if引导whether 主语(asked) if +一般疑问句（主谓结构）whether 窍门（do/does/did 去掉） （be/can/may/must/will/should 放主语后）,3 当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的特殊疑问词引导（what/where等）,主语asked +what 特殊疑问句（主谓）where4 当直接引语是祈使句时用句型： 主语 + toldasked sb. not to do sth.ordered,Homework,P.151-154 P.88 Ex.1,Bye bye !,
