1、2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,1,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood (虚拟语气),来永春,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,2,1.了解：错综条件句 和含蓄条件句 的虚拟语气 2.理解：表示与现在事实相反的情况；表示与过去事实相反的情况；表示对将来情况的主观推测 3.掌握: 虚拟条件句中省略if的倒装；目的状语从句和宾语从句的虚拟语气,学习目标：,English Grammer Sub
2、junctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,3,1.重点：表示与现在事实相反的情况；表示与过 去事实相反的情况；表示对将来情况的主 观推测 2.难点：虚拟条件句中省略if的倒装；目的状语从句和宾语从句的虚拟语气,重点、难点：,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,4,Teaching Contents,2019年5月27日,College E
3、nglish New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,5,Teaching Contents,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,6,一、检查复习,（一）听写单词、词组,1.nevertheless 2.revere 3.distinguished 4.predictability 5.approximately 6.formalize 7.vary 8.assigned 9.assign 10.boundary,English Grammer Subject and Verb A
4、greement,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,7,一、检查复习,（二）翻译课文中的重点句及段落,1.The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.2.The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a chi
5、ld to a distinguished scientist.,English Grammer Subject and Verb Agreement,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,8,二、新课导入,（一）回答问题,什么是虚拟语气？,（二）讨论问题,英文中有几种语气，个有声么特点 。,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,9,4,三、虚拟语气,1.从句：I
6、f 主语+过去时(Be动词用were) 2.主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do：,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,（一）表示与现在事实相反的情况,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,10,4,三、虚拟语气,1If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。 （事实：我不可能是你）,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,（一）表示与现在事实相反的情况,2019年5月
7、27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,11,4,三、虚拟语气,（一）表示与现在事实相反的情况,2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,12,4,三、虚拟语气,3If there were no air or water,the
8、re would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。 (事实：地球上既有空气也有水),（一）表示与现在事实相反的情况,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,13,4,三、虚拟语气,4If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。 （事实：没有带钱）,（一）表示与现在事实相反的情况,English
9、Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,14,4,三、虚拟语气,5If he studied harder,he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。 （事实：没有努力）,（一）表示与现在事实相反的情况,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,15,4,三、虚拟语气,6she loo
10、ked at me as if I had been a stranger. 她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。（事实：我并非陌生人）,（一）表示与现在事实相反的情况,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,16,4,三、虚拟语气,7If I were you, Id wear a shirt and tie.如果我是你，我就会穿衬衫和领带。(事实：我并不是你）,（一）表示与现在事实相反的情况,English Grammer Subjunctive
11、Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,17,4,三、虚拟语气,1.从句：If 主语+had+done 2.主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done,（二）表示与过去事实相反的情况,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,18,4,三、虚拟语气,1.If I had gotten there earlier,I sho
12、uld/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 （事实：去晚了）,（二）表示与过去事实相反的情况,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,19,4,三、虚拟语气,2If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。 （事实：没有听我的话）,（二）表示与过去事实相反的情况,English Gram
13、mer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,20,4,三、虚拟语气,1.从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+do if+主语+did（动词过去式）/were 2.主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do,（三）表示对将来情况的主观推测,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,2
14、1,4,三、虚拟语气,1If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。 （事实：来的可能性很小）,（三）表示对将来情况的主观推测,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,22,4,三、虚拟语气,2If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了
15、。（事实：下雪可能性很小）,（三）表示对将来情况的主观推测,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,23,4,三、虚拟语气,3If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这 件事的始末。 （事实：来的可能性很小）,（三）表示对将来情况的主观推测,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年
16、5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,24,4,三、虚拟语气,（四）错综条件句,在虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,1.定义,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,25,4,三、虚拟语气,2. 从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 (1)If I had wo
17、rked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too. (2)If they had informed us,we would not come here now.,（四）错综条件句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,26,4,三年、虚拟语气,3.从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 (1)If he were free today,we would have sent him to
18、Beijing. (2)If he knew her,he would have greeted her.,（四）错综条件句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,27,4,三、虚拟语气,(1),（五）虚拟条件句中省略if的倒装,当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。,1.条件句有were,should,had,Eng
19、lish Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,28,4,三、虚拟语气,Should he agree to go there,we would send him there. Were she here,she would agree with us. Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here.,（五）虚拟条件句中省略if的倒装,English Grammer Subj
20、unctive Mood,1.条件句有were,should,had,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,29,4,三、虚拟语气,非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without，but for等,1.定义,（六）含蓄条件句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Ed
21、ucation,30,4,三、虚拟语气,(1) But for his help,we would be working now. (2) Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. (3) We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him.,2.举例,（六）含蓄条件句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Con
22、cept (II) Unit 5 Education,31,4,三、虚拟语气,1.在for fear that,in case,lest引导的从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：should + do。并且 should能省略 (1)She examined the door again for fear that a thief (should) come in. (2)He started out earlier lest he (should) be late.,（七）目的状语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,1. for fear that,in
23、case,lest,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,32,4,三、虚拟语气,在so that,in order that 所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为：can / could / may / might / will / would / should + do 。 (1)He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. (2)He read the letter carefully in order that he sh
24、ould not miss a word.,（七）目的状语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2. so that,in order that,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,33,4,三、虚拟语气,动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。 (1)若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；,1. I wish后的宾语从句,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College
25、 English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,34,4,三、虚拟语气,动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。 (2)若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词；,1. I wish后的宾语从句,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,35,4,三、虚拟语气,动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。 (3)若表示将来没有把
26、握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would (could)+动词原形。,1. I wish后的宾语从句,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,36,4,三、虚拟语气,(1) I wish I could be of some use. (2) We wish he didnt smoke. (3) I wish prices would come down. (4) I wish the train would come.,（八）宾语从
27、句,1. I wish后的宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,37,4,三、虚拟语气,主要是指insist的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。,2.表示“坚持”后的宾语从句,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education
28、,38,4,三、虚拟语气,(1)I insisted that he (should) stay. (2)He insisted that I (should) go with them. (3)Rose insisted that he be present. (4)The detective insisted that he should have a look.,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2.表示“坚持”后的宾语从句,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Educati
29、on,39,4,三、虚拟语气,动词insist后接宾语从句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气。若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。,3. insist后接宾语从句,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,40,4,三、虚拟语气,(1) He insisted that I had read his letter. (2) He insiste
30、d that I should read his letter.,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,3. insist后接宾语从句,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,41,4,三、虚拟语气,主要是指order, command的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。,4.表示“命令”后的宾语从句,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,Co
31、llege English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,42,4,三、虚拟语气,(1) He ordered that it (should) be sent back. (2) Thejudge ordered that the prisoner should be remanded. (3) The King ordered that the man be released. (4) He commanded that we (should) attack at once.,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mo
32、od,4.表示“命令”后的宾语从句,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,43,4,三、虚拟语气,主要是指advise, suggest, propose, recommend等的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。,5.表示“建议”后的宾语从句,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,44
33、,4,三、虚拟语气,(1) He suggested that we should leave early. (2) The doctor advised that he change his job. (3) They recommend that this tax be abolished. (4) I suggest that we (should) have lunch right now.,（八）宾语从句,5.表示“建议”后的宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II
34、) Unit 5 Education,45,4,三、虚拟语气,(1) The committee proposed (that) Mr. Day be elected. (2) The doctor advised suggested that he (should) not smoke. (3) I propose that the matter be put to the vote at once. (4) He proposed that Mr. OLeary be the chairman.,（八）宾语从句,5.表示“建议”后的宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunct
35、ive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,46,4,三、虚拟语气,主要是指ask, demand, require, request等后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。,（八）宾语从句,6.表示“要求”后的宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,47,4,三、虚拟语气,(1)
36、I ask that he leave. (2) He requires that I (should) appear. 。 (3) hey require that I go at once. (4) I demand that John (should) go there at once.,（八）宾语从句,6.表示“要求”后的宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,48,4,三、虚拟语气,主要是指move, vote等后的宾语从句，从
37、句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。,7.表示“提议”“投票”后的宾语从句,（八）宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,49,4,三、虚拟语气,(1) Mr. Chairman, I beg to move that the meeting be adjourned. (2) Congress has voted that the present law be maintained. (3
38、) Claudel moved that Norwood should be made a member of the committee.,（八）宾语从句,8.表示“提议”“投票”后的宾语从句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,50,4,三、虚拟语气,主要是指动词urge后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。,9.表示“敦促”后的宾语从句,（八）宾语从句,English Gram
39、mer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,51,4,三、虚拟语气,(1) He urges that the restrictions be lifted. (2) He urged that they go to Europe. (3) He urged that the rates should be reduced. (4) He urged that the matter should go to arbitration.,9.表示“敦促”后的宾语从句,（八）宾语从
40、句,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,52,4,三、虚拟语气,（九）典型例题,(1) If I had seen the movie, I _you all about it now. A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept
41、 (II) Unit 5 Education,53,4,三、虚拟语气,（九）典型例题,解析：答案为A错选D。此题考查混合条件句。从句表对过去的虚拟，主句表对现在的虚拟，所以正确答案为A。,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,54,4,三、虚拟语气,(2) The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 解析：答案B。
42、真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。,（九）典型例题,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,55,4,三、虚拟语气,(3) _ to do the work, I should do it some other day. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I,（九）典型例题,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New
43、Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,56,4,三、虚拟语气,解析：答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Werent I to do.,（九）典型例题,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit
44、5 Education,57,4,三、虚拟语气,(4) My suggestion is that she _ more exercise, which will do a lot of good to her. A. takes B. must take C. take D. took,（九）典型例题,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,58,4,三、虚拟语气,解析：错选A。本题要表达“我的建议是她（应该）多锻炼，这对她会有很大好处。”符合虚
45、拟的条件，所以正确答案为C。空前面省略了should.,（九）典型例题,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,59,定语从句,1.表示与现在事、过去、将来实相反的情况 2.虚拟条件句中省略if的倒装 3.错综条件从句、含蓄条件从句 4.目的状语从句 宾语从句 5.典型例题,四、本节小结,English Grammer The Attributive Claus,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II)
46、 Unit 5 Education,60,（一）选择正确答案。,五、课后作业,1. The rice _ if you had been more careful.A. would not be burning B. would not burnC. would not have burnt D. would not burnt,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,61,（一）选择正确答案。,五、课后作业,2. I _ in trouble i
47、f the police had stopped me .were would have been C. will be D. had been,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,2019年5月27日,College English New Concept (II) Unit 5 Education,62,（一）选择正确答案。,五、课后作业,3. If I _ it was going to cost so much, I wouldnt have bough it . A. had known B. knew C. were to know D. should have know,English Grammer Subjunctive Mood,
