1、一. 四级写作的特点1. 语言以简洁的简单句为主，最多辅以一两个定语从句，宾语从句，状语从句。2. 内容以大众易于表达为主，重点放在动词，动词词组，形容词的选择上。3. 话题以常见社会，文化，教育，科技类话题为主，远离热点和争议性话题。4. 语意以准确完整为主，不必刻 意追求深刻和个性（区分及物动词和不及物动词，名词的意思和正确的形式。）二. 英语四级写作历年题目汇总2012 on excessive packaging 2011 nothing succeeds without a strong will 2011 online shopping 2010 how should parent
2、s help children to be independent?2010 due attention should be given to spelling 2009 create a green campus 2009 free admission to museums 2008 restriction on disposable plastic bags 2008 on green olympics 2007 on selective courses 2007 an announcement to welcome students to join a club 2006 on cctv
3、 spring festival gala 2006 an announcement for a voluntary program 2005 should the university campus be open to tourists 2005 teachers day 2005 a campaign speech 2004 a brief introduction to a tourist attraction 2004 a letter in reply to a friend 2003 an eye witness account of a traffic accident 200
4、3 it pays to be honest 2002 student use of computers 2002 a letter to a school 2001 a letter to a schoolmate 2001 how to succeed in a job interview?2000 is a test of spoken english necessary?2000 how i finance my college education?题目分析：1. 只考教育（13 次） ，社会（11 次，热点一次） ，品质类话题（2 次）2. 出题形式：说明文on the import
5、ance/effect/influence/reasons of.; why ; how.（原因，结果，方式，重要性）议论文Should.? Is it necessary for to do.?what is your opinion?图表分析- 说明文图表数据，说明原因或者影响3. 下次考试？a. 教育类话题为主b. “小心”材料题c. 提纲式题目按模板写即可，不可踰越提纲d. 模板统一性三. 如何备考1. 重点准备话题词汇和句型2. 对掌握的句型和词汇结合话题进行句子练习3. 考前一个月左右进行完整文章写作练习（利用模板和准备好的话题词汇）4. 话题按照教育，社会，精神分类准备5. 练习
6、数量在于“精” “准” ，不在于“多” 。四. 语言准备词汇的记忆的六步：1 念 2 拼 3 变化 4 拆 5 分 6 展开（Merriam Webster)1. 动词类保护：protect, shield, defend, guard抱怨：complain,make complaints about 避免：avoid, keep away from澄清：clarify, clear up, explain, define持续：last, endure, keep on打破：break, fall apart, smash, crack耽搁：delay, postpone, put off导致
7、：result in, lead to, bring about, generate调查：examine, probe into, investigate 丢弃：abandon, discard, quit 发生：happen, take place, occur， break out, come about发现：discover, turn up, dig out察觉：notice perceive, detect反对：object to, disapprove of, protest against, oppose to反抗：resist, repel against 废止：abolish
8、分配：share, distribute, allot 服从：obey, comply with, abide by 复制：copy, reproduce, duplicate 改变：change, vary, reform隔离：isolate, separate, set apart攻击：attack, invade 忽视：neglect, ignore, overlook 花费：spend, expend, consume唤起：evoke, awaken, call forth混合：mix, blend获得：acquire, gain, obtain 激发：arouse, stir, pr
9、ovoke加强：strengthen, beef up, reinforce假装：pretend,simulate 减少：decrease, fall off, dwindle讲述：report, portray教育：educate, train, enlighten揭露：reveal, uncover, unmask, expose 节约：conserve, cut back, economize解雇：fire, dismiss lay off解释：translate, reword, restate 集中：focus on, center on, concentrate on居住：inha
10、bit, occupy, reside, dwell 拒绝：refuse,turn down 赠送：donate, contribute, grant 决定：decide, choose, opt 激励：activate, motivate, spur 开始：start, set about 夸奖：flatter, praise, compliment 描述：describe, picture, depict 例证：typify, stand for, represent 迷惑：puzzle, confuse, bewilder 明白：understand, make out 评价：evalu
11、ate, assess, estimate评论：comment, remark,criticize 破坏：destroy, wipe out, wreck 欺骗：mislead, deceive, trick 强调：stress, emphasize 强迫：force, oblige, compel 欣赏：admire, respect, worship限制：restrict, ban 取消：cancel, call off忍受：bear, tolerate, weather, put up with认出：recognize, spot, discern, identify 散播：broadc
12、ast, spread 2. 衔接类的逻辑词类顺序类首先,其次, 然后, 最后: firstly, secondly, thirdly; in the first place, in the second place, in the final place; first and foremost, moreover, additionally, furthermore, eventually, last but by no means least; to start with, to end with, on top of that, in addition to that, added to
13、 that, besides, finally, lastly.Initially, plus/also, ultimately. 转折类However, otherwise, nevertheless, instead, notwithstandingIn contrast, by contrast, on the contrary, despite the fact that, in spite ofBut, yet, although, even though, thoughAdmittedly, concededly.Albeit+形容词介词词组分词， 常位于句中 Your coura
14、ge, albeit frail and faint, can still push me forward, continuously. 强调类Of course, indeed, most important, certainly, in fact, obviously, clearly, surely, in particular, in this case, actually.对比类In comparison, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, identically递进类Furthermore, moreover, besid
15、es, in addition, additionally, also.因果类原因 because of, owing to, due to, thanks toBecause of you, I failed.Because of you loved me, I remain single till today.Because of the fact that you loved me, I remain single till today.Because you loved me, I remain single till today.because, since, for, as, in
16、 thatmainly/merely/simply becauseMany Chinese students go to USA to further their studies in that they believe they can have more opportunities to live happily and freely.结果 therefore, thus, hence, consequently, accordinglyas a result, as a consequenceso3 名词的修饰方法a. 名词的正确形式和准确语意，单数可数名词不可以单独出现，必须加上冠词；
17、复数名词和不可数名词可以单独出现，如果表示特指含义，则需加上 the. eg: The study of literature works is very important to student. Practice makes permanence. b. 冠词形容词名词great pressure intense pressure 修饰人的形容词：褒贬(generous, miserly; selfish, selfless/altruistic; introverted, extroverted; sensitive, insensitive; ) 外表，性格，情感； 修饰事件：重要的，
18、必要的，普遍的，流行的，复杂的c. 冠词（形容词）名词定语从句定语从句就是一个带有动作含义的后置定语 which, that, who 的引导词 which:指物，表示“具体的，可触的”物体，比如“桌子，电脑等”that: 指物，表示“抽象的，不可触的”没有生命的对象，比如“期待，假设，灵感，梦想，文化”等。who: 指人，表示“具体的”各种人群，比如男人，女人，老人，小孩，学生，老师等。that: 指由人构成的组织或机构，比如“committee, government, commission, agency，band”等。 d. 冠词（形容词）名词介词修饰 out of : 出于 The
19、help out of compassion Passion out of curiosity The passion that is originated from curiosity from: 源于，来自于The culture from the west the western culture on/upon: 关于 Remarks on the importance of literature works are varied within different historical periods. d. 动作的名词化表达 If children spend much time in
20、 watching television, it will do some harm to their physical health. If parents do too much to manage their childrens lives, their children will ultimately lose the independence and competence. Too much exposure to television programs will somehow do harm to childrens health. Parents over involvemen
21、t in /interference with their childrens business will ultimately result in the loss of their childrens independence and competence. 五. 四级考试的得分要点1. 看上去像一篇标准的四级写作 字数满足要求 120/150/180)，作文有身材，字迹清晰整齐（第一印象不差，不至于跌破底线）三段式小大小结构一段见 关键词二段见 逻辑（firstly, secondly)三段 见语言2. 可以利用模板，但不要照搬模板，因为给分是 global scoring (改卷老师认
22、识什么是模板什么是你自己的语言，用模板不会得 0 分，不用也不一定会得高分，理性使用模板)3. 四级写作就是高考写作的升级版，也就是词汇和语法能够有合格高中毕业生的水平即可，不同点在于，翻译被自我构思取代。六. 四级写作攻略1. 破题的方法和思路的建立破题a. 确定关键词（即讨论对象）b. 确定文章结构（即三段的重点讨论内容和方向）c. 确定模板破题确定论证的思路转化思路，避重就轻避论证和语言难点，讲通识普适道理首段：谈现象（模板和关键词）中间段落：析原因利弊（万能句式，逻辑，词汇的选择）结尾段落：给结果建议观点（常用的建议和结果类词汇，漂亮的词汇，观点总结）密码：zhouxiangxiang
23、2 开头段的写法谈现象，不给观点hook + phenomenon 方法：hook=background 写“重要性，严重性，普遍性”升级版：加时间，地点，人群，条件句子公式：时间/条件+ 三性+范围/人群时间：nowadays, recently, presently, in current days, over the past few decades, in the contemporary time.范围：in students life, in peoples lives, in our neighborhood, in our modern life, in such a high
24、ly-commercialized society. (computerized, cyberized)人群：among university students, among the youth, among modern people, among different generations，post-eighties 条件：with the fast progress in technology, with the improvement of peoples living standard, with the speedy pace of modern life, with the in
25、creasing population and settlement.条件/时间关键词定性分析人群 /范围各种性：重要性：.is fairly essential/critical/significant/fatal.matters most/makes a huge difference when compared with other stuff. .plays a leading/pressing role必要性：.is fairly necessary/rudimentary/fundamental/imperative.it is highly imperative that sho
26、uld do.(事件，写主谓句）there is great need/necessity to 普遍性：.is fairly familiar/common/prevailing/prevalent.is about and around for a long time.has been penetrating into all walks of life. .exists everywhere. 严重性：. is fairly severe, serious, grave, staid; sample:With the improvement of peoples living stand
27、ard, television and movie have been penetrating into all walks of life.Sample:In the recent years, television and movie play an increasingly leading role in peoples lives/in peoples entertainment/recreational/leisurely lives. 时间条件三性人群范围（人群或范围要回避 among the people, in peoples lives, for people此类表达，尽量对
28、人群和范围进行细分）第二句话：It is an interesting phenomenon that people in growing numbers are discussingvoicing their opinions on .(提纲内容的第一部分） It is of great interest to notice that people in growing numbers are voicing their different/divergent opinions on this hot/heated/popular issue. Plus， there exists/emer
29、ges a trend/phenomenon that people in large population are paying/giving/pouring more attention to this issue of开头模板套写练习：08 年博物馆免费In the recent years, free admission to museums has become exceedingly prevalent in some metropolitan areas like New York and Beijing. And it is a pleasing phenomenon that people in growing numbers are paying their attention to this hot issue. 开头终极升级版：时间/条件+重要性 /必要性/严重性/流行性+范围/ 人群。+ For example/To be specific/To take another look, .paraphrased version（换句型，把主语写细，换动词）
