1、UNIT 4 Dealing with Cultural Differences,PartA_1_a,Language Focus,Questions for Discussion,What do cultural differences mean? How do peoples cultural backgrounds influence their way of thinking? How can failure to recognize cultural differences hinder communication?,Pre-listening Task,PartA_1_b,How
2、can we deal with cultural differences? What does “culture shock” mean? In what ways can we cope with culture shock? What should we do before visiting other countries to avoid misunderstanding?,Language Focus,Pre-listening Task,PartA_1_demo_a,Language Focus,Pre-listening Task,PartA_1_demo_a,Language
3、Focus,Pre-listening Task,PartA_2,Pre-listening Task,Language Focus,Here are some sentences and structures that you might find useful in discussing the above questions.,People from different countries speak different languages, maintain different value systems, and have different ways of looking at t
4、hings. It is upsetting to find people who behave differently from us. We may, at first, assume that something is wrong with them. Culture shock is a painful experience we undergo when we encounter entirely different ways of life in another culture.,PartA_2,Language Focus,A persons cultural backgroun
5、d influences what he / she considers to be good manners or bad manners / polite or rude / on time or late. Different cultures may have different ways of responding to compliments. Some cultures consider it polite not to take something the first time it is offered. Eye contact may convey sincerity an
6、d attentiveness in some Oriental cultures but too much eye contact may embarrass people in some Western cultures.,Pre-listening Task,PartA_2,Language Focus,Those who are uninformed about cultural differences may have difficulty communicating with their business associates from other cultures. Inabil
7、ity to recognize cultural differences can make communication difficult. A certain amount of small talk about the weather, family, and personal hobbies is expected before getting down to business with your foreign associates. Having respect for / Learning about other cultures can help you avoid misun
8、derstandings.,Pre-listening Task,PartA_2,Language Focus,You can avoid unintentionally offending others by learning the basic characteristics of other cultures / getting to know a few everyday phrases or common customs of other cultures. Do not criticize or embarrass people from other cultures in pub
9、lic. Understanding can only be reached if we are willing to treat people from other cultures with respect and as equals.,Pre-listening Task,PartA_2,Language Focus,It is a good policy to let a foreign friend or business associate know your expectations with regard to time and punctuality. Take time t
10、o explain certain customs of your own culture to your foreign friends or business associates. Ask your foreign friends or business associates about their customs. Dont panic when some customs in a foreign country catch you off guard. You must understand that people living in varied cultures handle m
11、any small daily things differently.,Pre-listening Task,PartA_2,Language Focus,Whether you plan to stay for a week or for a year in a new place, youll benefit from learning about the place before you go. Bear in mind the proverb “Do in Rome as the Romans do,”and learn from the local people when you a
12、re visiting a foreign country.,Pre-listening Task,PartB_1_a_1,apparently individuallyupsetgently firmly,Listening Tasks,ad. clearly; obviously 显然 ad. one by one; separately 各个地v. to cause sb. to feel unhappy 使生气 ad. softly 不太用力地 ad. forcefully; strongly 坚定有力地,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exer
13、cise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_a_1,goshtitle,interj. an informal expression of surprise （表示惊讶的非正式感叹词）哎呀n. a word put before a persons name to show rank, honor, profession 头衔；职称；尊称,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_a_2,Diffe
14、rent cultures have their own rules of behavior. People from different cultural backgrounds may have very different beliefs, religions, customs and habits. Ignorance of cultural differences often causes misunderstanding, offense, or embarrassment in cross-cultural communication. This is clearly illus
15、trated by what Kate and Rob experienced in their visits to various countries. To avoid misunderstanding or giving unnecessary offense we must develop a,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,1. Background information,PartB_1_a_2,cross-cultural pers
16、pective. We must remember that all cultures are equal, however different some cultures may seem from our own. Having a respect for other cultures and learning about their basic characteristics are effective ways to promote international communication. they felt I was taking them for granted. they th
17、ought that I was treating them casually, without giving them due respect.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_a_2,In the US, people tend to shake hands forcefully with people they meet for the first time. This is particularly true among
18、business associates. A firm handshake in American culture suggests sincerity and strength whereas a weak handshake is a sign of weakness.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,3. people there tend to shake hands quite firmly.,1. a. Different ways
19、of greetings in different countries. b. Interesting experiences of Kate and Rob during their visits to some foreign countries. c. The importance of knowing how to greet a stranger properly when we are in a new country. d. Embarrassing mistakes made by Kate and Rob due to ignorance of cultural differ
20、ences.,PartB_1_b_3,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Listen to the interview and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_3,2. a. They were probably their foreign guides. b. They were probably their business associates. c.
21、 They were probably total strangers to them. d. They were probably their bosses.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_3,3. a. They are business partners. b. They are travelling salespeople. c. They are both British. d. They are business
22、 people who travel a lot to other countries.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_3,4. a. France, Germany and Italy. b. Germany, Sweden and Russia. c. Russia, Germany and France. d. Brazil, Italy and France.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tas
23、ks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_3,5. a. Italy, the US and France. b. Brazil, Germany and Italy. c. France, Russia and the US. d. Italy, the US and Brazil.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_3,6
24、. a. The importance of recognizing cultural differences. b. The difficulty of cross-cultural communication. c. The importance of regarding all cultures as equals. d. The necessity to promote effective international communication.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 2,Exercise 1,Languag
25、e and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_4,Listen to the interview again and fill in the table below.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 1,Exercise 2,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_b_4,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 1,Exercise 2,Language and Cultural Notes,PartB_1_a_scri
26、pt,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Word Bank,Exercise 1,Language and Cultural Notes,Exercise 2,PartB_2_a,Youve just heard Rob and Kate talking about the experiences they had in some foreign countries. They made a number of mistakes in behavior because they were unaware of cultural differences. Do you
27、 think it is important to be aware of cultural differences? Why? How can we avoid misunderstanding in international communication? Exchange views with your partner. You may mention the following points in your discussion.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,A. Reflections on the text,Pair Work,PartB_2_a,
28、awareness of cultural differences to avoid misunderstanding importance of learning about other cultures importance of knowing how to deal with cultural differences key to successful international business and cultural exchanges,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,PartB_2_b1,A SampleLook at the pictures b
29、elow. They are about Chinese and Western ways of eating. Do you see any differences between them? Describe the pictures first and then discuss their differences.,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,B. Picture Talk Describing Chinese and Western ways of eating,PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Pic
30、ture (1),PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Picture (2),PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Picture (3),PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Comparing,A: Dont you think there are great differences between Chinese and Western ways of eating? B: Yes, they are very different indeed. W
31、e Chinese use chopsticks to help ourselves to almost everything except soup, but Westerners use a knife and fork. A: I think our chopsticks are much easier to handle. Knives and forks are so complicated to use.,PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,B: Im afraid many Westerners wouldnt agree with
32、 you on that. It may take them quite some time to learn the skill of handling chopsticks. A: You may be right. What do you think of the food Western people eat at dinner? Seems to me a Western dinner is rather simple. There are so few courses. B: Thats true. A Chinese dinner is usually much more ple
33、ntiful. Even at a simple family dinner we have at least four dishes and a soup. Im afraid I would be starving at a Western dinner.,PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,A: But the Western style of eating seems to be more hygienic. Nobody uses his own fork to get food for himself or for others. B
34、ut at a Chinese dinner, some people, especially the hospitable host and hostess, often try to get food for others with their own chopsticks. They dont realize how unhygienic this is. B: It really is. Westerners usually ask others to pass some food to them if they cant reach it. If you stretch out yo
35、ur arm or stand up to get food, people would think you have very bad table manners.,PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,A: But the dinner table in a Chinese restaurant is so convenient. Just turn the revolving table, and you are within easy reach of the dishes. B: Mm. Thats true. So the Chines
36、e way and the Western way of eating are just different. Neither is better or worse. A: You said it. But the important thing is to be aware of the differences so as to avoid misunderstanding.,PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Now use the above sample as your model and carry on similar activit
37、ies with your partner according to the pictures below.,(1),PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,(2),PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Below are some ideas and expressions that you might find useful in describing the pictures. For Picture (1),Difference in showing hospitality at the tabl
38、e: Chinese way: introducing each course, sometimes describing its ingredients and how it is cooked sometimes putting food onto the plate of the guest encouraging the guest to eat more or drink more,PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Common dinner talk: “Have some more, dont stop.” “Do you lik
39、e it? Please have some more.” “You really should have some more.” “Just one more piece, I insist.” “Have some more juice. Let me fill up your cup.”,PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Western way: introducing each course of the meal to guests passing the dishes around for guests to get the foo
40、d themselves Common dinner talk: “Help yourselves with” “Would you like some more? “Could you pass me the ?”,PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,For picture (2) Different expressions used when you need to leave the table:Chinese way: rising from your chair and saying “I need to be out for a wh
41、ile.”/ “Ill be back in a minute.”/“Im full. Please take your time.”,PartB_2_b1,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,Western way: saying “Excuse me” and getting up to leave the table without stating whether you want to go to the toilet or to refresh / renew your make-up,PartB_1_b_script,Listening Tasks,Spe
42、aking Tasks,PartB_1_b_script,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,PartB_1_b_script,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,PartB_1_b_script,Listening Tasks,Speaking Tasks,PartB_1_b_3,Test Your Listening,Listen to the passage and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.,A Passage,PartB_1_b_3,1. a. People
43、 are not accustomed to making calls early in the morning. b. People would think something unpleasant must have happened if they receive a call early in the morning. c. People tend to think the call must be of vital importance if the telephone rings early in the day. d. People would feel annoyed if t
44、hey receive a call while theyre shaving or having breakfast.,Test Your Listening,PartB_1_b_3,2. a. Because such an appointment might be neglected by busy people. b. Because such an appointment might cause much inconvenience to others. c. Because such an appointment might cause much inconvenience to
45、others. d. Because such an appointment might be forgotten.,Test Your Listening,PartB_1_b_3,3. a. Americans/Italians. b. Germans/Italians. c. Germans/the British. d. Americans/the British.,Test Your Listening,PartB_1_b_script,Test Your Listening,PartD_1_a1,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Wor
46、d Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_a2,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_b1,helmet bottomless pitcompass decent savage,n. 头盔无底洞（电影里用来比喻非常贪吃的小动物） n. 指南针 a. 体面的 n. 野蛮人,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_c,1. Where did the man come from? 2. W
47、hat did the man think of local people living in the forest? 3. What did the man probably want to do there?,Answer the following questions according to the movie clip.,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_c,In this video, you can see the interesting way of the local w
48、oman saying hello. How many ways of greeting do you know in the world? Look at the following pictures of greetings from different cultures. Describe each picture with at least two sentences.,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_c,1. Japanese 2. Maori from New Zealand
49、,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_c,3. French 4. American,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartB_1_b_script,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartB_1_b_script,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartB_1_b_script,Movie Time,Time to Talk,Movie,Exercise A,Word Bank,Exercise B,PartD_1_b1,Look at these pictures and describe them one by one. If possible, try also to find something relevant to talk about.,
