1、 2012 年 1 月This strategy also has ancient antecedents. Ever since civilization began， certain 1 have tried to run away from it in hopes of finding a simpler， more 2 ，and more peaceful life. Unlike the dropouts， they are not 3 . They are willing to support themselves and to 4 something to the general
2、 community， but they simply dont like the environment of civilization; that is， the city， with all its 5 and tension.I had the lonely childs habit of 6 stories and holding conversations with 7 persons， and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isol
3、ated and 8 . I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing 9 facts， and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my 10 in everyday life.Only two people shared her “special” seat: a fine old man in a velvet coat， his hands 11 over a huge ca
4、rved walking-stick， and a big old woman， sitting 12 ， with a roll of knitting on her embroidered apron. They did not speak. This was 13 ， for Miss Brill always looked forward 14 the conversation. She had become really quite 15 ， she thought， at listening as though she didnt listen， at sitting in oth
5、er peoples lives just for a minute while they talked round her.Our research shows that no company can succeed today by trying to be all things to all people. It must instead find the 16 value that it alone can deliver to a chosen market. We have identified three distinct value 17 ， so called because
6、 each discipline produces a different kind of 18 value. Choosing one discipline to master does not mean that a company 19 the other two， only that it picks a dimension of value on which to 20 its market reputation over the long term.The value of snobbery in general， its humanistic “point”， consists
7、in its power to 21 activity. A society with plenty of snobberies is like a dog with plenty of 22 : it is not likely to become comatose. Every snobbery demands of its devotees 23 efforts， a succession of sacrifices. The society-snob must be perpetually lion-hunting; the modernity-snob can never rest
8、24 trying to be up-to-date. Swiss doctors and the Best that has been thought or said must be the daily and nightly preoccupation of all the snobs respectively of 25 and culture.A.making up B.unique C.upright D.customer E.uglinessF.disciplines G. imaginary H.parasites I.to J.stakeK.fleas L.clasped M.
9、disease N.disappointing O.failureP.individuals Q.expert R.undervalued S.contribute T.abandonsU.unceasing V.pastoral W.from X.stimulate Y.unpleasantII. Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the correspond
10、ing letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points， 1 point for each)26. What you say is far _ from what you said before.A. Moved B. removed C. proved D. disproved27. There will be live _ of the concert on TV and radio.A. Transaction B. transition C. transmission D. transportation28. The first priority for
11、 a government is to enable its citizens to live in peace and _ .A. tranquility B. altitude C. complexity D. attitude29. The pianist was _ with the most extravagant applause from the audience.A. Loaded B. burdened C. pressed D. weighed30. The problem of poverty didnt _ itself until the earthquake.A.
12、Manifest B. demonstrate C. emerge D. exhibit31. They got their just _ when the scheme was finally uncovered.A. Desert B. dessert C. deserts D. desserts32. The tail of the whale _ their boat and they all fell into water.A. Plucked B. flicked C. pecked D. flapped33. In time of prosperity， friends will
13、 be plenty; in time of _ ， not one among twenty.A. Dilemma B. adversity C. insomnia D. deadlock34. He refused to _ of such a solution to his problem.A. Deceive B. receive C. conceive D. perceive35. He felt proud to proclaim that he knew only English and somehow _ of his native culture.A. Contemporar
14、y B. temporary C. contemptuous D. contemptible36. There is a growing recognition that we should abolish racial _.A. Segregation B. separation C. integration D. evaporation37. It is desirable to _ the chemicals before the plant is seriously damaged.A. Splash B. spill C. pour D. spray38. I didnt expec
15、t him to descend to _ abuse.A. Common B. personal C. ordinary D. individual39. Make a phone call if you are wishing to renew your _ to our magazine.A. Contribution B. distribution C. subscription D. attribution40. He began to _ as the intense cold pervaded the room.A. shake B. quake C. jerk D. shive
16、rVI. Translate the following sentences into English and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (20 points， 2 points each for 57-60， 4 points for 61， 8 points for 62)57.我很擅长这些欺骗伎俩，虽然我不能每次都骗得了自己。 58.我同意我们的食物有营养，而且我们大多数人的饮食是均衡的。 59.但我还没有放弃找到加速入睡的办法的希望。 60.我认为对于知识的追求主要源于对权力的热爱，而所有科技上的进步亦是如此。 61.老年生
17、活既不是本来就痛苦，也不是本来就美满的。它和生活的每个阶段一样，有自己的问题、欢乐、恐惧和潜力。 62.这个国家的一切社会结构、家庭组织形式、经济、国际地位变得更加复杂，而不是更加简单。然而，其占主导地位的传播工具，作为国家的主要连接纽带，却对通常难以解决的人类问题向人们兜售简单的解决方案。 2011 年 10 月One of the best current examples of what Horowitz is talking 1 is John Denver. His most 2 songs“Sunshine on My Shoulders”, “Rocky Mountain Hig
18、h”, and “Country Road” 3 the musical drive and power of 4 rock, while the lyrics celebrate the simple 5 of“the good old days”.It is all symbolized in my mind by the hugely successful art 6 that television has made 7 to the culture, the 30-second commercial: the tiny drama of the 8 housewife who find
19、s happiness 9 choosing the right toothpaste. When before in human history has so much humanity 10 surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass diversion?They had no 11 of comparison and assumed that this was a 12 of his class, just as a traveler stepping off the liner at a foreign 13 for
20、luncheon sums up a nations character forever in the 14 businessman who happens to 15 the table with him.Each week, for example, a record of the sales results of the 16 week for each sales office and for Sales Department as a 17 for each division of the company is kept and 18 to the sales results for
21、 the 19 week of the year 20 .But by and large the news reports and commentaries on CBS and NBC and ABC make every 21 to present viewers with more than one 22 of an issue， either by letting 23 spokesmen have their 24 or by outlining the positions held by both major parties on the subject 25 .Afolk Bm
22、eans C form Dcombine EbeforeFpreceding Gjoys Hin Icorresponding JcentralKcompared Lshare M characteristic Nnotable OopposingPeffort Qcollectively R about Sinvolved TportUsay V aspect Wwhole Xearnest Y WilyII. Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions. Choose the r
23、ight one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points, 1 point for each)26. New books were displayed in a _ position on tables at the front of the shop.A. prominent B. preeminent C. dominant D. relevant27. The government is trying to _ the people into
24、thinking that a war is necessary.A. inspire B. poison C. adopt D. brainwash28. You need to demonstrate to the examiners that you have more than a(n) _ understanding of the text.A. actual B. factual C. literal D. literary29. Such _ of the facts cannot be allowed to go unchallenged.A. distortion B. di
25、sturbance C. distraction D. distribution30. Cutting the bush back in the autumn will help promote _ growth in the spring.A. violent B. virtual C. vigorous D. visual31. In this story, the clever little fox _ the hunters and escapes from the trap they set.A. outweighs B. outwits C. outnumbers D. outgr
26、ows32. The British _ time, effort and huge sums of money on pets.A. lavish B. grant C. provide D. supply33. The fortunes of the major political parties tend to _ and flow over time.A. halt B. fall C. ebb D. fly34. Im tired of listening to her _ the virtues of her children.A. exposing B. explaining C
27、. extending D. extolling35. There will be a mass _ to the seaside, the countryside and foreign holiday destinations during summer vacation.A. departure B. inflow C. evasion D. exodus36. John was angry when the boss said that his proposal was completely _.A. disposable B. dismissible C. unapproachabl
28、e D. unavoidable37. Lack of sleep has _ her concentration.A. deconstructed B. impaired C. demonstrated D. repaired38. He had long held a(n) _ fascination with the horrors of contemporary warfare.A. arbitrary B. mortal C. morbid D. courteous39. The government replaced the narrow street with a wide _
29、with the funds raised.A. lane B. path C. boulevard D. trail40. Like so many politicians, he had an _ appetite for power.A. innumerable B. inseparable C. insufferable D. insatiable57.一个致力于在少数特定地区增加个人财富的政府系统永远不会为公众谋求利益。58.黑人区至少不再满足于其美国城区私生子的地位。59.男人可以用报纸作为屏障与妻子隔开。60.当年医生出于对个人自由的坚定不移的尊重而不去杀害健康的、渴望活下去的人
30、们。61.首先，作为防止无聊的手段，工作是可取的。因为与终日无所事事百无聊赖相比，从事必要而乏味的工作所感受的无聊就算不了什么了。62.亚裔美国老人是这样一种公众印象的牺牲品：他们有家人的独立照顾，因此不需要外界帮助。然而来到这个国家的亚裔美国入的移民模式、文化障碍、语言障碍、语言问题和他们遭遇的歧视，都给这些老人及其家人带来伤害。2011 年 1 月West Germany, by contrast, will not be able to 1 any form of euthanasia for a long time to come. Opposition is 2 fierce, be
31、cause of the shadow of the past. Countries 3 an uninterrupted recent libertarian tradition have less to fear from setting some 4 rules for voluntary euthanasia. By 5 to discuss it, they usher in something worse.We watched while pride allowed unimportant battles to be 6 into the most important stands
32、 of the warbecause we couldnt 7 and we couldnt retreat and because it didnt matter how many American 8 were provided to prove that point. Now we are told that we have to 9 quietly while the American lives are lost so that we can exercise the 10 arrogance of Vietnamizing the Vietnamese.Newspapers hav
33、e two great advantages 11 television. They can be used by men as barriers 12 their wives. It is still the only effective screen against the morning features of the loved one, and, as such, performs a unique human 13 . The second advantage is that you cant line a 14 pail with a television setits usua
34、lly the other way 15 .It is only lately that I have found how much science of genetics is 16 . Agronomists and the like have taken to 17 all sorts of vegetables and fruitschanging their 18 nature. This sounds wonderful and often is 19 . For the scientists have not as a rule taken any 20 whatsoever i
35、n the taste of the things theyve tampered with! My own lack of shame in the rioting then taking place in America 21 me. In one sense, I was the 22 of the ghetto child who through hard work and initiative was 23 himself toward a better life. I was the 24 , the exception. It was my life that was held
36、up to Watts youth to 25 .II. Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points, 1 point for each)26. These arguments have never been _ accepted.A. amply B. d
37、rastically C. perpetually D. universally27. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to _ behavior.A. unfamiliar B. uncivilized C. unsatisfied D. uncommon28. The emergency services said it was _ that no one was seriously injured in
38、 the air crash.A. miraculous B. mysterious C. ridiculous D. relentless29. Banks _ receive money from their customers in two distinct forms: on current account, and on deposit account.A. formally B. narrowly C. normally D. particularly30. The recession has _ so many firms that many can no longer surv
39、ive.A. lessened B. weakened C. decreased D. reduced31. In science, a theory is a reasonable _ of observed events.A. Explanation B. excavation C. expression D. evaluation32. Children do not learn what it is to lose and will _ violence to release theirdisappointment.A. refer to B. attribute to C. poin
40、t to D. resort to33.A sincere _ is like the sunshine which can boost our morale.A. Compliment B. supplement C. accomplishment D. complement34. He was arrested when his _ scheme to evade taxes came to light.A. Fake B. fraudulent C. false D. foreign35. This old room has not been much in use of late. N
41、o wonder it has such a_ appearance.A. Vulgar B. fancy C. shabby D. cheap36. That little boy was so naughty that he tried to _ feathers from a chicken.A. flick B. twist C. pluck D. toss37. The task of a teacher _ patience and conscientiousness.A. commands B. demands C. amends D. mends38. She gave us
42、unfailing _ and became an essential part of our family.A. devotion B. inspection C. exploration D. indication39. As we were saying goodbye, the train started with a_.A. shake B. shiver C. tremble D. jerk40. Parents should attach importance to their childrens _ from adolescence to adulthood.A. permis
43、sion B. position C. transmission D. transition 来源:考试大-自考 57.这一解决方式的弊端在于它已不再广泛适用。58.当这个富足的国家没有孩子饿着肚子上床时，我可能会乐于回去教书。59.美国人做的比看电视更多的事情只有工作和睡觉。60.那种认为艺术应该与政治脱钩的观点本身就是一种政治态度。61.鱼露出水面，闪动着身子在线的另一端挣扎。他紧紧地将鱼攥在手里，把鱼钩从嘴里取出来。62.瓦茨那里有抱负又有远见的年轻人谈论的是走出去创业。他们正是那样做的。有才能的年轻人成群结队地离开瓦茨。他们共同拥有的一个本领就是逃离这个贫民窟。2010 年 10 月T
44、odays heroessome of them, anywaytell us they enjoy their 1 . “And I 2 to myself at the men and the ladies. Who never 3 of us billion-dollar babies.” The 4 “culture hero” who 5 that is Alice Cooper.If I said that being black is a greater 6 than being a woman, probably no one would 7 me. Why? Because
45、“we all know” there is 8 against black people in America. That there is prejudice against women is an idea that still 9 nearly all menand, I am afraid, most womenas 10 .There is, however, another 11 possessed by the best work, which is even more important as a 12 of happiness than is the exercise of
46、 13 . This is the element of constructiveness. In some work, though by no 14 in most, something is built up which remains as a 15 when the work is completed.My own state of mind, when I left Watts eight years ago to take up the 16 year at Whittier College, was 17 . It was to me less of a 18 ; it was
47、 the stepping off point of an Odyssey that was to take me through Whittier College and Oxford University, to Yale Law School, and back to Watts. I had 19 then, as now, to make Watts my 20 .Well, its a good life and a good 21 , all said and 22 , if you dont 23 , and if you know that the big wide world hasnt 24 from you yet, no, not by a long way, though it wont be long now. The float bobbed more violently than before and, with a 25 on his face, he began to wind in the reel.A. handicap B. element C. weaken D. means E. hear
