1、一、 英语的句子成分：（一） 主语：是一个句子中所要表达,描述的（ ），是（ ）的主体。主语可以由（ ）、（ ）、数词、（ ）、（ ）、主语从句和短语等来担任。Walls have ears. ( ) He will take you to the hospital. （ ） Three plus four equals seven. （ ） To see is to believe. （ ） Smoking is not allowed in public places. （ ） Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. （
2、）（二）谓语动词由_担任。一般放在主语的后面。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。 Action speaks louder than words. （ ） The chance may never come again. （ ） Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994. （ ）（三）表语 它的位置在_之后。是用来说明主语的_,_, _的. 表语须和（ ）一起构句子的复合谓语。My father is a professor. ( ) Whos that? Its me. ( ) Everything here is
3、 expensive. ( ) The match became very exciting.( ) The story of my life may be of help to others.( ) Three times five is fifteen. ( ) His plan is to seek work in the city. ( ) （四）宾语是谓语动作所涉及的对象, 它是（ ）的承受者,宾语可以由（ ）或起（ ）作用的成分担任，宾语一般放在（ ）或（ ）之后。 She covered her face with her hands.( ) We havent seen her
4、 for a long time. ( ) Do you mind opening the window? ( ) Give me four please. ( ) He wants to dream a nice dream. ( ) We need to know what others are doing. ( ) We should care more about our friends. ( )（五）定语 是修饰_词. 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_。形容词做复合不定代词（something, anything 等）的定语时，应放在
5、复合不定代词（ ） 。They are woman workers. （ ） Toms father didnt write home until yesterday. （ ）Mary is a beautiful girl （ ） The play has three acts. ( )This is her first trip to Europe. ( ) China is a developing country. ( )I have nothing to eat. ( ) Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names he
6、re. ( )（六）状语用来修饰（ ） （ ） （ ）或句子，说明事物发生的时间,地点,原因,目的,结果、方式, 条件或伴随情况,程度等情况的词叫状语。状语可以由（ ）、分词、短语及状语从句来担任。 The best fish swim near the bottom. ( ) I left the village five years ago. ( )I arrived late because of the traffic jam .( ) Well send a car to fetch you. ( )The fish can eat a person in two minutes ,
7、 leaving only bones.( ) The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing.( ) If he goes, so will I . ( ) Though he is a child, he knows a lot. ( )（七）宾语补足语 对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成_。They elected me captain of the team. ( ) We try to make our countr
8、y strong. ( )We found everything in good order there. ( ) I should advise you to get the chance. ( )I saw him going upstairs. ( ) （八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语 I was elected captain of the team. ( ) Our country will be made strong. ( )（九）双宾语：有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，即双宾语 ,其中一个宾语多指人,另一个宾语指物,指人的
9、宾语叫间接宾语,指物的宾语叫做直接宾语。可以带两个宾语的动词有（offer, bring, give , show, send, pass, tell, lend）等。（ ）一般放在（ ）的前面,如果强调直接宾语可把直接宾语放在间接宾语的前面,但间接宾语前须加 “ to “。 My father bought me a book. （ ）My father bought a book to me.（ ）二、简单句的五种基本句型1主语 + 系动词 + 表语1）Our city is at the crossing of some important railways.2）The city wil
10、l become rich.在这类结构中最常用的系动词是：be 动词（ ）“变化”类：（ ） “感官” 类: （ ） .“持续 ”类（ ）其他：（似乎）_ _ (证明是)_1. 树叶已经变黄了。 （The leaves have turned yellow） 2. 这件上衣有点大（ The coat is a bit larger. ）3. 这份英语报纸深受英语学习者的欢迎。 （The English paper is popular with the English learners.）4. 这项决定非常重要。 （The decision is of great importance.）2.
11、 主语+谓语 这种句型中的 动词大多是( )动词，这些动词常见的有：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。1）Building has started. 2）The train leaves at 7:40.主语 谓语 主语 谓语1. 学生们学习很努力（ ）2. 事故是昨天晚上发生的（ ）3. 他昨天到了北京。_3主语 + 谓语 + 宾语1）The boss employed five more workers.主语 谓语 宾语2）My brother takes care o
12、f the vegetable garden. 3）Few students like taking exams.4）He forgot to close the door. 5）I hope I can speak English fluently. 1. 每年我花费二百元买书。 （I spend 200 Yuan on books every year.）2. 事实上，我非常喜欢学英语。 （In fact, I like to study English very much. ）3. 我英语发音方面有些困难。 （I have some difficulty in English pronu
13、nciation. ）4. 我父亲能流利地说英语。 （ ）5，下一年我的家乡将建一所新医院。 （ ）4主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语1）He has fetched us some new textbooks. 2）Grandma cooked us a nice meal. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语3）The man told the girl that he wants to test her the subject.4）The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese.可接双宾语的常见动词有：ask, answer, give, off
14、er, send, bring, pass, tell, show, teach, promise 顺便问1. 昨天下午我妈在那家商店给我买了橡皮（Yesterday afternoon my mother bought me an eraser）2. 你能在夏天把水变成冰呢？ （can you change water into ice in summer?）3. 我们学校图书馆将为学生们提供各种类型(The library of our school will suply all kinds of books to the students. )5主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语1
15、）The villagers didnt allow them to do this.主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语2）I will keep the box in the shade. 3）We found him a very good pupil. 4）She let me stay in the company. 5）We kept the room clean.6）We heard the girl singing the song. 1. .我发现他很滑稽可笑。 （I find him very funny .）2. 我妈妈让我做作业（My mother asked me to do my homework ）3. 我将让学生们制定一份学外语的计划。 （Ill ask the students to make a plan for learning a foreign language.）
