1、2018 届河北省保定三中高三上学期十月三调考试英语试题（解析版）第二部分 阅读理解（共二节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 分，每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题给出的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，找出最佳选项，并在各答题卡上将该选项涂黑。APut your car keys away and forget about your travel pass-its time to do a bit of walking.National Walking Month is organized every May by Living Streets.an organizatio
2、n that campaigns for the tights and the needs of pedestrians. So the organization is previously known enjoyable spaces for people to live, work, shop and play. By putting people feel happier, healthier and more sociable.The annual campaign gives participants a great opportunity to experience the man
3、y virtues of walking. These include the physical health benefits of becoming fitter; the environmental advantages of not using vehicles; the delight of local discoveries -seeing more of your local areas on foot; the enjoyment of walking with other people, whether family, friends or work colleagues a
4、nd finally the stress relief that comes from walking- walking can clear your head.Walk to School Week 18 to 22 May, is part of the months activities and its aim is to encourage parents to send children to school on foot, rather than take them in the car or let them use pubic transport. The movement
5、was started in 1995 with only the five participating schools and now two decades later, more than one million children take part.Similarly, there is Walk to Work Week, 11 to 15 May, where grown-ups are encouraged to walk. In the morning, getting off the bus a stop early or parking a few streets away
6、 is a good way to add more steps to the daily total. And during the working day, after having lunch at the desks or in the canteen, take a walk and get some fresh air. Walk home with your workmates and chat away about everything under the sun but work!1. whats the purpose of Living Streets?A. To let
7、 people keep away from vehicles.B. To build safer walkways for pedestrians.C. To help people enjoy walking in the street and enjoy life.D. To make people aware of environmental pollution.2. Paragraph 3 is intended to show that walking is _.A. so interesting B. very relaxingC. perfectly safe D. highl
8、y beneficial3. What can we learn from Walk to School Week?A. It is organized by the government.B. It is held before Walk to Work Week.C. It has developed rapidly over the last 20 years.D. It encourages students to walk to school alone.4. Whats the main idea of the last paragraph?A. An introduction t
9、o Walk to Work Week.B. A nationwide health movement.C. The influence of working day.D. National Walking Months history.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A【解析】试题分析：文章围绕 Living Streets 组织的国际步行月这一活动展开，讲述了步行的好处，以及人们对此活动的响应，开展了步行上学周和步行上班周等活动。1. C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The associations aim is to make streets safe, attractive
10、 and enjoyable spaces for people to live, work, shop and play.”这个协会的目的就是让街道安全，有吸引力以及给人们生活工作购物和玩耍提供一个愉悦的空间。故选 C。2. D 细节理解题。第三段中的 benefits（利益） 、advantages（优点，好处）等词可以看出这一段是在介绍步行的好处。故选 D。3. C 细节理解题。从第四段的 now two decades later, more than one million children take part.Z-X-X-K”“”=.两个十年之后超过一百万儿童参加了故选 C。4.
11、A 推理判断题。文章总的就是在说步行的各方面，以及各人群的响应，文章前面几段写了社区大方面，又写了步行上学周，最后一段根据其内容并结合全文可知是在写步行上班周。故选 A。考点：考查社会现象类短文阅读BDuring the winter. And Law likes to keep his house warm, which used to be a problem. Hed sometimes forget to turn down the thermostat(恒温器）when he traveled, which raised his heating bills. But he hasnt
12、 had to worry about that since buying one of Googles Nest thermostats.In fact, companies are developing many smart devices that will tailor their functions to what they learn about their users needs. But many of these devices are still in the drawing board, so the Nest thermostat first provides a go
13、od example of what is fast coming down the road.Officials at Google Inc, say the Nest thermostat can understand what its owners want. The first three to four days is when its most eager to learn, said Maxime Veron, director of product marketing for Nest. It gathers data, temperature, the time it was
14、 set and occupancy. After four days, Nest learns enough to keep the house as hot or cold as the person generally prefers at different times.One feature that will click in about a week after Nest starts learning is its “ Atuo-Away” function. Nest will automatically adjust the temperature to whatever
15、the person previously has indicated they prefer when theyre gone.The Auto -Away sensors also are designed to scan a room for movement “above most pets heads,” so it doesnt mistake a dog or cat for a person and assume someone is still in the home. But the thermostats can be fooled by large pets.Anoth
16、er feature many people seem to like is “Nest Leaf,” which gives the user feedback(反馈）whenever the temperatures they set save energy. So if the person raises the temperature enough on a hot day or down on a cool one, a green leaf appears on the thermostat.However, some people say that it is too expen
17、sive. But after trying it out, PC Magazine editor John Delaney said, “it is a must for anyone looking to save on heating and air conditioning costs and I like the idea of setting it and forgetting it.”5. After buying a Nest thermostat, Andy Law _A. doesnt worry about his traveling expensesB. has sol
18、ved his health problemsC. doesnt need to keep his house warmD. has reduced his heating bills6. By saying “on the drawing board” in Paragraph 2, the author means that many of the devices are _.A. out of control B. in the process of being plannedC. designed in many new ways D. made for a special purpo
19、se7. One feature of the Nest thermostat is that it can _.A. affect and change its users living habitsB. recognize the differences between people and large petsC. collect detailed information about its users activitiesD. learn its users daily heating and cooling preferences8. A green leaf will appear
20、 when you _.A. adjust your Nest thermostat to an energy-efficient temperatureB. turn down your Nest thermostat on a hot dayC. turn on the “Auto-Away” function of your Nest thermostatD. place your Nest thermostat in a cool house【答案】5. D 6. B 7. D 8. A【解析】文章介绍了谷歌新推出的智能装置Nest 恒温器。5. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 Hed s
21、ometimes forget to turn down the thermostat when he traveled, which raised his heating bills. But he hasnt had to worry about that since buying one of Googles Nest thermostats 可知，Andy Law 有时外出时忘记调低恒温器的温度，以致取暖 费用大增。不过，自从他买了谷歌的 Nest 恒温器，他就不用担心这个问题了。由此可推断， Nest 恒温器帮助 Andy Law 节约了取暖费用。故选 D。6. 猜测词义题。根据第二
22、段中的 so the Nest thermostat first provides a good example of what is fast coming down the road 可知，谷歌的 Nest 恒温器跨出智能装置领域的第一步，由此可推断，许多这类的智能装置仍“在设计阶段（on the drawing board）”。A. out of control 失控； B. in the process of being planned 在设计过程中；C. designed in many new ways 用很多新方法被设计； D. made for a special purpos
23、e 为了特殊目的而制作。故选 B。7. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 the Nest thermostat can understand what its owners want 以及 After four days, Nest learns enough to keep the house as hot or cold as the person generally prefers at different times 可知，通过几天的设置，Nest 恒温器能够掌握主人平常对温度的具 体喜好。故选 D。8. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 “Nest Leaf,” which gives t
24、he user feedback whenever the temperatures they set save energy . a green leaf appears on the thermostat 可知， 每当使用者设定的温度有助于节能，Nest 恒温器就会出现一片绿叶为使用者提供反馈。故选 A。【名师点睛】2.B【解题剖析】此题属于猜测词义 中的（4）：依据逻辑推理猜测词义。 运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进
25、而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系，同位关系，对比关系，转折关系等。答案需要推断 fast coming down the road 和 on the drawing board 同位关系。【答案定位】根据文章第二段中的 so the Nest thermostat first provides a good example of what is fast coming down the road 可知，谷歌的 Nest 恒温器跨出智能装置领域的第一步，由此可推断，许多这类的智能装置仍“在设计阶段（on the drawing board）【推理关系】题干 By saying “on
26、 the drawing board” in Paragraph 2, the author means that many of the devices are 文章内容 so the Nest thermostat first provides a good example of what is fast coming down the road【答案】fast coming down the road 和 on the drawing board 同位关系B 选项 in the process of being plannedCLeon McCarthy, 12, was born wi
27、thout fingers on his left hand. That didnt stop him from being able to do many tasks. But Leon could not grasp more than one object at a time. So Leons father. Paul, created a prosthesis(假肢）, using a 3D printer. Now Leon has fingers that open and close. “It was a do-it-yourself, father-and-son adven
28、ture.” says Paul.When Leon was a baby, his doctor advised his parents not to give him a prosthetic hand until he was in his early teens. “The doctor said Leon should first learn to get full use out of the hand he was in his early teens. “The doctor said Leon should first learn to get full use out of
29、 the hand he was born with.” says Paul. As Leon got older, his father looked into buying a prosthetic hand, which can cost as much as 30,000. Paul found a more affordable solution.One day, Paul discovered a vides on the Internet about Robohand, a prosthesis created with a 3D printer. He downloaded t
30、he free instructions and called Robohands creators for advice. They told him all he needed was a 3D printer-which costs around 2,000-and some materials.Luckily, Leons school had recently purchased a 3D printer and it offered to help Paul build the hand for Leon. “We used a soccer shin guard(护胫 ), ca
31、rdboard, and tape. They cost about 10. says Paul.With his new hand, Leon can do things better. “I can help my mom more, because now I can carry two grocery bags.” he says.Leons father has already built several hands for Leon. Leon helps design each one. He says theres one thing in particular that he
32、 wants to do with a future prosthesis. “The goal,” he says, “is to be able to tie my shoelaces(鞋带）.9. Why did Leons doctor disapprove of his using a prosthesis in his childhood?A. The prosthetic technology was underdeveloped then.B. A prosthesis was very expensive at that time.C. To master the disab
33、led hand was important.D. The original hand could do many tasks.10. Leons father managed to get Leon a new hand by _.A. collecting money on the Internet B. buying a prosthetic handC. purchasing a 3D printer D. printing a hand11. The materials used for Leons hand can be described as_.A. cheap and com
34、mon B. strange and valuableC. personal and lovely D. basic and solid【答案】9. C 10. D 11. A【解析】本文讲述了一位父亲用 3D 打印技术为先天左手有残疾的儿子制作假肢的故事。9. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The doctor said Leon should first learn to get full use out of the hand he was born with.”.得知医生不建议 Leon 在孩童时期安装假装是因为先学习使用那只有残疾的手很重要 。故选 C。10. 细节理解题。根据第三段和第
35、四段的描述可知，Leon 的父亲购买了一些原材料，用 3D 打印技术为儿子打印了一只手。故选 D。11. 推理判断题。根据第四段中提到的原材料 a soccer shin guard(护胫), cardboard, and tape.以及 They cost about 10. says Paul.得知这些用来打印手的材料很常见而且很便宜。故选 A。【名师点睛】2.D【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中的 （1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合。【推理关系】题干 Leons father managed to get Leon a new hand by 文章内容“We used a
36、 soccer shin guard( 护胫), cardboard, and tape. They cost about 10. says Paul.【答案】 “We used a soccer shin guard(护胫), cardboard, and tape. D 选项 printing a handDSchool leavers are entering the workplace lacking basic skills such as punctuality, manners and the ability to hold conversations, according to
37、 employers.A survey of business leaders found that many believed teenagers struggled to adapt to the most basic entry level jobs because of an inability to perform simple tasks.According to the study by Barclays(one of the main banks in Britain), more than half of the companies (fifty-five percent)
38、claimed school leavers struggled to manage conversations properly when asked to call customers or suppliers.More than four-in-ten of those quizzed - forty -three percent - said young people failed to properly understand how long to take for breaks or how often to take them.The same proportion also w
39、arned that teenagers struggled to appreciate when it was inappropriate to use their mobile phone in the workplace.In total, one -in - five businesses said young people were “not ready” for entry level jobs-low-ranking roles that do not require any previous experience.The conclusions in a study by Ba
40、rclays follow a report from the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Social Mobility this month that said schools needed to place a greater emphasis on the “soft skills” that children require in the work place such as toughness, empathy and self-control.The report recommended giving all pupils a school
41、leaving certificate - in addition to straight exam grades - to mark out their achievements in extra-curricular activities and work experience placements where children are most likely to hone their non-academic skills.As part of the Barclays study, researchers interviewed 500 personnel chiefs from s
42、mall and medium-sized businesses about skill levels displayed by school leavers.Some eleven percent said young people struggled to dress properly or present themselves in the workplace while nine percent said they had problems writing an email.Kirstie Mackey, head of Barclays LifeSkills, a programme
43、 established to help prepare secondary school children for the workplace, said: “Whats missed in careers education has become ever more noticeable.“Not only are young people struggling to gain the confidence to carry out tasks, but businesses dont believe they have the skills for entry level roles.
44、This problem needs to be addressed.12. A school leaving certificate is suggested to _.A. show students soft skillsB. show students exam gradesC. honor students good social skillsD. encourage students personal achievement13. What do we learn from the survey involving 500 personnel chiefs?A. Small bus
45、inesses demand lower skill level.B. It was unnecessary to learn how to write emailsC. Young employees should be careful about their clothing.D. It was proper to exchange presents with other workers.14. Kristie Mackey expressed dissatisfaction with _A. career education B. businesses demandC. young pe
46、oples attitude D. the Barclays LifeSkills program15. The best title for the text would be _A. Teenagers work hard to perform simple tasksB. School Leavers lack skills needed in workplaceC. Employers help students improve basic skillsD. Businesses offer more basic entry level job【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A
47、 15. B【解析】毕业生进入工作场所却缺乏基本的技能如：准时、礼仪、进行交流等。毕业证书应该不仅有学生的毕业成绩还应该展现一些他们的品质如坚韧、同情心、自我控制力。12. 推理判断题。根据 that said schools needed to place a greater emphasis on the “soft skills” that children require in the work place such as toughness, empathy and self-control.得知毕业证书不仅有学生的毕业成绩还应该展现一些他们的品质如坚韧、同情心、自我控制力。故选 A
48、。13. 推理判断题。根据 Some eleven percent said young people struggled to dress properly or present themselves in the workplace 得知 500 名参与调研的人事主管中只有百分之十一说年轻人注意得体着装。 可以从中推断出多数年轻雇工不注意着装，他们应该多多注重这一点。故选 C。14. 推理判断题。根据 Kirstie Mackey, head of Barclays LifeSkills, a programme established to help prepare secondary
49、school children for the workplace, said: “Whats missed in careers education has become ever more noticeable.得知 Kirstie Mackey 认为职业教育缺失可以判断出她对职业教育不满意。故选 A。15. 主旨大意题。首段点明文章的主旨：毕业生进入工作场所却缺乏基本的技能如：准时、礼仪、进行交流等。故选 B。【名师点睛】4.B【解题剖析】此题属于主旨大意 中的（1）一一标题类。 文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。答案需要看第一段找主题句。【答案定位】根据第一段中的 School leav
