1、A Very Brief History of Christianity,How the Three Major Branches Came into Being,Branches of Christianity,Christianity: the religion of all Christians. There are three major branches of Christianity: the Roman Catholic Church(天主教), the Eastern Orthodox Churches(东正教) and Protestant Churches （新教）.,Th
2、e Beginning: Jesus,Christian history begins with Jesus of Nazareth Born Baptized by John Began a ministry of teaching, healing and miracle-working. Chose the 12 disciples whom he taught privately. Crucified by the Romans Rose from the dead Ascended into heaven,One of the twelve apostles, Paul, a zea
3、lous Jew had persecuted Christians Converted to the faith Went on numerous missionary journeys throughout the Roman Empire Started churches the second and third century AD, Christians were persecuted In the early 4th century AD, the Roman emperor Constantine converted to Christianity. The Christian
4、religion became legal. Persecution ceased.,The Great Schism,The Great Schism (EastWest Schism) The Roman Empire: split into the West and East Roman empires; the church: Western and Eastern churches Differences in practices and beliefs arose between them. Disagreements over the popes authority and ar
5、guments over some doctrines: final split in 1054; hence there were Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church .,the Pope,The Great Schism,The Eastern Orthodox Church has always maintained that it was the Roman Catholic Church that drew apart from the original Christian Church; it consider
6、s itself the continuation of the original and true Church of Christ. The Roman Catholic Church, on the other hand, considers that the Eastern Church separated from it.,The Patriarch 牧首,The Great Schism,Pope Leo IX and Patriarch of Constantinople Michael Cerularius heightened the conflict . The leade
7、rs of the two churches excommunicated each other in 1054. 西方和东方教会领袖先后宣布将对方革出教门。,The Great Schism,In 1965, the leaders of the two churches cancelled their orders simultaneously. However the consequences of the Great Schism remain.,The Reformation,The Reformation was a movement which emerged in the 16
8、th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church in Western Europe. The main front of the reformation was started by Martin Luther.,A German Monk, Martin Luther (1483-1546) started a religious movement called the Reformation lead to the birth of the Protestant faith. In 1517 he
9、 protested against the Catholic practice of granting indulgences.,Martin Luther (1483-1546),An indulgence :a pardon instead of punishment for a sin. To gain an indulgence, a person had to perform a good deed. This was often giving money to the church, so it looked like the Church was selling pardons
10、. Luther protested that this was wrong.,Indulgences,This picture shows a poor woman paying money to a Clergyman for an indulgence.,In the movie Luther, Martin Luther becomes angry at the thought of poor people paying money for a worthless piece of paper.,He believed: a man could only be saved by his
11、 faith. There was definitely much corruption in the Catholic Church. Reformation needed Luther gained support for his protests and other people started to protest also. Like John Calvin (whose followers were called Calvinists).,The reformation ended in division and the establishment of new instituti
12、ons, most importantly: - Lutheran Church 路德宗/信义宗- Reformed Church 归正宗/ 加尔文宗- Anglican Communion 圣公会Protestant n, adj (member) of any of the Christian bodies that separated from the Church of Rome in the 16th century, or of their branches formed later 新教徒（指16世纪脱离罗马天主教之基督教团体或後来由其形成的教派成员）; 新教（徒）的Europe was split very little tolerance from either side (Catholic or Protestant) for other peoples beliefs. Both sides persecuted the other.,By the way,This is Martin Luther King,Jr. We love him! But he is NOT the guy we are talking about!,This is Martin Luther. THIS is the guy with the 95 Theses!,
