1、Grammar 语 法,Fresh fried fish, Fish fresh fried, Fried fish fresh, Fish fried fresh。 Susan shines shoes and socks; She ceased shining shoes and socks for shoes and socks shock Susan.,现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有六种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）和状语 (a
2、dverbial)。,所以要注意一点，在分析句子结构时，应该抓住主要成分。我们分析句子结构，划分句子成分无非是为了理解，或者是为了造句。这个目的达到了就行了，不必过于细致，更不要钻牛角尖，否则就会事倍功半。,英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一： （主谓）基本句型二： （主谓表）基本句型三： （主谓宾）基本句型四： （主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五： （主谓宾宾补）,基本句型 一 （主谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以 跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。, （不及物动词） 1. The sun was shining. 2. We all
3、 breathe, eat, and drink. 3. Who cares? 4. What he said does not matter. 5. The pen writes smoothly,基本句型 二 （主谓表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。,状态系动词可用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词 持续系动词用来表示主语
4、继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand 表像系动词用来表示“看起来像“这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look 感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look 变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run, be 终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证实“，“变成“之意, （是系动词） 1. This is an English-Chin
5、ese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. Everything looks different. 5. He is growing tall and strong. 6. The troubleis that they are short of money. 7. Our well has gone dry. ,基本句型 三 （主谓宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。, （及物动词
6、） 1. Who knows the answer? 2. She had her breakfast. 3. He enjoys reading. 4. They ate what was left-over 5. He said “Good morning.“ 7. He admits that he was mistaken.,基本句型 四 （主谓间宾直宾）此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。 通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。
7、, （及物） （多指人） （多指物） 1. She ordered herself a new dress. 2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 3. He brought you a dictionary. 4. He denies her nothing. 5. I showed him my pictures. 6. I gave my car a wash. 7. I told him that the bus was late.,双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb
8、. 颁奖给某人bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人pay sb. sth. =
9、pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物（钱）,post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人show sb. sth. = show sth. t
10、o sb. 拿某物给某人看take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信,(2) 双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 为某人预定某物buy sb. sth. = buy s
11、th. for sb. 为某人买某物choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb. 为某人画某物fetch sb. sth. = fetch sth. for sb. 为某人去取某物find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb. 为某人找到某物fix sb. sth. = fix sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物,get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb. 为某
12、人拿来某物make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人做某物order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. 为某人订购某物pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb. 为某人采摘某物prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb. 为某人留某物sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb. 为某人唱某物（歌）spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb. 为某人让出
13、某物steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb. 为某人偷某物,基本句型 五 （主谓宾宾补） 此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。, （及物） （宾语） （宾补） 1. They appointed him manager. 2. They painted the door green. 3. This set them thinking. 4. They found the house deserted. 5. What makes him think so? 6. He asked me to come back soon. 7. I saw them getting on the bus.,1. The moon rose. 2. We saw him out. 3. He showed me how to run the machine. 4. His face turned red. 5. I want to have a cup of tea.,PRACTICE:,Thank you!,
