1、Part FourWriting and Translation,Translation,Writing,Translation Practice,Knowing About Translation,Writing Practice,Translation,由于中文和英文存在许多差异， 翻译时除了增添词语之外，还要适当省略词语。汉语是意合语言，尤其讲究简洁顺畅，英译汉时，要舍去原文需要而译文不需要的成分。汉语也有其自身的表达特点，汉译英时，也要省略原文需要而译文不需要的成分。,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,Translation T
2、echniqueProper Omission of Words,省略译法,省略动词,省略其他词,汉译英省略译法,英译汉省略译法,省略某些范畴词,省略原文中的累赘语言,省略译法,省略原文中的重复部分,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,根据汉语的修辞习惯，英语系动词在翻译中经常被省略，只留下形容词等词；其他一些动词有时也可以省略。,To be continued,省略动词,英译汉省略动词,英译汉省略译法,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,1) This type of typewr
3、iter is portable, durable, economical and practical for high school students. 这种打字机携带轻便，经久耐用，经济实惠，适合高中生使用。2) “We never go out.” “Thats not true. We went out last week.” “我们从不一起出去。” “不对，我们上周还出去过。”3) These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural
4、resources. 这些发展中国家土地辽阔，人口众多，资源丰富。4) He had uncombed hair, dirty clothes, and only 35 cents in his pocket. 他头发凌乱，衣衫肮脏，口袋里仅有35美分。,英译汉省略动词,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,为了译文的流畅，根据上下文意思，其他一些可有可无的词也可省略，完全直译反而显得啰嗦。,To be continued,英译汉省略其他词,省略其他词,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslatio
5、n,1) The fact that she was sacrificing her resting time before going to work so that I could learn English made me see the strength she possessed.她牺牲了工作前的休息时间让我学英语，这使我看到了她所具有的意志力。2) Their respective destinies are becoming increasingly interdependent.他们的命运日益休戚相关。3) He had held out his arms, but they
6、had fallen again to his sides; for she had not come forward, standing still in the opening of the doorway.他已伸出了双臂，却又只好垂了下来，因为她还站在门口， 没有走上前来。,英译汉省略其他词,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,汉语中的某些范畴词，如“问题”、 “状态”、 “工作”、 “制度”等，没有实质意义，译成英语时往往省略。,To be continued,汉译英省略某些范畴词,汉译英省略译法,省略某些范畴词,Part Fou
7、r: Writing and TranslationTranslation,1) 他的秘书没有告诉他那次会议的情况。His secretary failed to tell him about the meeting.2) 中国足球的落后状态必须改变。The backwardness of the Chinese football must be changed.3) 要加快建设城市贫困居民的最低生活保障制度。We should accelerate the establishment of a minimum standard of living for impoverished urban
8、.,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,汉译英省略某些范畴词,1) 她连续讲了两小时法语， 没有出现任何错误。She has been talking in French for two hours without any mistakes.2) 在工作中, 我们必须避免犯不必要的错误。We must avoid making mistakes in our works.3) 他的那些构图生动、色彩丰富、内涵深刻的水彩画颇具西方绘画艺术的特色。His watercolors, vivid, rich, and profound, are
9、tinged with the flavor of Western painting.,省略原文中的累赘语言,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,汉译英省略原文中累赘语言,1) 台湾海峡两岸的中国人都是骨肉同胞，手足兄弟。The Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are of the same flesh and blood.2) 如果你觉得合适就干，不合适就别干，你自个儿看着办吧。Go ahead if you think the job suits you. Its all up
10、to you to decide.,省略原文中的重复部分,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,汉译英省略原文中的重复部分, Translate the following sentences into Chinese., Translate the following sentences into English.,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,Translation Practice,Proper Omission of Words,Translation of Some U
11、seful Sentences.,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,To be continued,1. This technology is advanced and products made with it are comfortable and convenient to carry.,这项工艺非常先进，制作的产品舒适大方，携带方便。(The verbs “is” and “are” are omitted.),2. A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking.,成功者不怕独立思考
12、。(The verb “do” is omitted.),Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Pay attention to the omission of words.,Proper Omission of Words,Section A,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,4. A winner has a love for life.,成功者热爱生活。(The verb “has” is omitted.),5. Surprising, the dish remained
13、 unbroken after it fell off the shelf.,令人惊奇的是盘子从架子上掉下来后竟然没有摔碎。 (The verb “remained” is omitted.),6. Each human being is born as something unique.,每个人生来都是独特的。(The word “something” is omitted. ),他经常感觉自己被别人操纵。(The verb “has” is omitted.),3. He has the constant feeling that he is being manipulated.,Part
14、 Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,To be continued,1. 总之，就全国范围来说，我们一定能够逐步顺利解决沿海同内地贫富差距的问题。,In short, taking the country as a whole, we are certainly able to gradually bridge the wealth gap between coastal and inland areas.,2. 他看书看得太久，眼睛都红了。,His eyes were red from excessive reading.,3. 医生给她开了一
15、些治疗感冒的药。,The doctor prescribed some medicine for her cold.,Translate the following sentences into English. Pay attention to the omission of words.,Section B,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,4. 她向这个无家可归的孩子敞开了门，也敞开了爱心。,She opened the door and her heart to the homeless child.,5. 船从我们近旁开过去，
16、船上厨房里生着火，炊烟缕缕，火光荧荧，简直就是个安乐窝。,A ship, which was coming by us, with her gallery-fire smoking and flaring, looked like a comfortable home.,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,1. 失败乃成功之母。,Failure is the mother of success.,2. 一个害怕失败的人永远不会赢。,Any man who is afraid of failure will/can never win.,3
17、. 成功意味着你热爱并擅长做你现在做的事情。,Success means that you enjoy/love and are good at what you are doing now.,Translate the following sentences into English. You may find some of them useful in your writing.,Translation of Some Useful Sentences,To be continued,Part Four: Writing and TranslationTranslation,4. 一个总
18、是渴望成功的人并不一定会很快成功。,One who is eager to win will not necessarily win quickly.,5. 一个成功的人不求索取，相反，他会问自己：“我能给这个世界留下什么？”,A successful person doesnt ask for things from others. On the contrary / Instead, he will ask himself: “what can I leave to this world?”,6. 真正的赢者是给社会贡献最大的人，而不是最富有或最有名的 人。,A real winner i
19、s someone who makes the greatest contributions to the society, not the one who is the richest, or the most famous.,Directions: Some people say winning means being rich, some people say winning means being powerful, and other people say winning means being happy. Please write a paragraph of about 120
20、 words about YOUR understanding of winning.,Part Four: Writing and TranslationWriting,Writing Task 1,Writing,Sample 1,Some people say that winning means being rich, some say winning means being powerful, and others think winning means being happy. I think winning means doing what you should do and b
21、eing good at it. Most of us can only live in this world for no more than 70 or 80 years. We shouldnt think too much about what we can get from this world. Instead, we should think about what we can leave in this world. The one who can make more contributions to the world is a real winner. For exampl
22、e, cleaning the street is a humble job in many peoples eyes, but in my opinion, street cleaners can also be great winners. They make our city more beautiful.,Sample 1,Part Four: Writing and TranslationWriting,To be continued,They give us a better environment and consequently a better life. On the co
23、ntrary, some people make money at the cost of the environment. Some are even worse: They cheat or kill others in order to gain power or earn money. Winners or losers? Its time to give it a second thought.,Part Four: Writing and TranslationWriting,Back to the Topic,Part Four: Writing and TranslationW
24、riting,Writing Task 2,Directions: Some people believe that only people who earn a lot of money are successful. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.,Sample 2,China has a population of over one billion people. The majority of Chinese people are not very r
25、ich compared with people in the western countries. In fact, it is a very small percentage of people who hold the status of being wealthy. Does this mean that the vast majority of the Chinese are unsuccessful? The answer to this question is definitely “no”.There are many measures of success, and mone
26、y is only one of them. However, money is far from the main measure of success. To prove this point, one need only consider the possibility that a man could be wealthy beyond belief, but not regard himself successful. Perhaps, he inherited his money, and has done nothing of value in his life. Perhaps
27、 he earned the money by illegal means.,Sample 2,Part Four: Writing and TranslationWriting,To be continued,Whatever the situation is, it is likely that a rich man could be considered unsuccessful, either by himself, or by others.Many people think that the main measure of success is happiness, rather
28、than material possessions. Without happiness, even a person with a big sum of money, high status would not be successful. However, a low paid schoolteacher might think he was very successful if he derived a great sense of achievement from his teaching . Or perhaps a housewife, who makes no money of
29、her own, would feel successful if she raised a healthy, well-adjusted child and kept her home looking wonderful.It is also important to look at the difference between self-perceived success and ones success in the eyes of another person.,Part Four: Writing and TranslationWriting,To be continued,Perh
30、aps the outside world views a man as unsuccessful if he does not have a lot of money, but he views himself as very successful because of his achievements in life. Whose opinion is more important? I believe that if one thinks he is successful, then he is, no matter what other people say.In conclusion
31、, money is not the only measure of success. Anyone can be successful, whether they are rich or poor. What matters is how one views himself; if one is proud of his achievements in life, and feels that he has lived a fulfilling life, he is successful.,Part Four: Writing and TranslationWriting,End of Part 4,Go to Part 5,Back to the Topic,
