1、Part FourWriting and Translation,Translation,Writing,Translation Practice,Knowing About Translation,Writing Practice,Knowing About Translation,Translation,英译汉省略译法（2）省略介词和连词省略是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来，因为译文中虽无其词而已有其意，或者在译文中是不言而喻的。换言之，省略是删去一些可有可无的，或者有了反嫌累赘或违背译文语言习惯的词。但省略并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去。以下介绍的是省略介词和省略连词的翻译技巧：,Par
2、t Four: Writing and Translation Translation,1)省略介词 英语较为频繁地使用介词，而汉语使用介词频率较低，因此英语中许多介词或转译成汉语动词，或省略不译。一般说来，表示时间和地点的介词，译成汉语如出现在句首，大都可以省略，出现在句子的其他位置时大都不省略,例如：,Part Four: Writing and Translation Translation,My family came to America in 1985. 2) Smoking is not allowed in the storehouse. 3) But a passenger
3、at the back of the bus saw him. 4) His problem began at the airport in Los Angeles.,1985年我们全家来到美国。 （省略表示时间的介词in） 或译：我们全家于1985年来到美国。,仓库重地，不准吸烟。（省略表示地点的介词in）,但坐在巴士尾部的一位女乘客发现了他。,他的问题始于洛杉矶机场。,Part Four: Writing and Translation Translation,2)省略连词 由于英语重形合，注重词与词、句与句的关系，并列句、复合句都得靠连接词来表示句子之间的逻辑关系，所以连词使用较多；而汉
4、语重意合，彼此逻辑关系不是通过连词表示，而是通过暗含的逻辑关系来表达，所以连词使用较少，在英译汉中需要把某些英语连词加以省略，例如：,Part Four: Writing and Translation Translation,1) When I said nothing was wrong, my mother answered, “You are my daughter. When something is bothering you, I feel it too.” 2) In Baltimore, Maryland, he got on a bus and headed straigh
5、t for the restroom. He thought that if he hid in the restroom, he could ride to New York without paying.,我跟她说一切正常，母亲回答说：“你是我女儿，你有烦心事，我也能感觉到。” （省略从属连词when）,在马里兰州的巴尔的摩，他跳上一辆巴士，直奔厕所而去。他以为躲进厕所就能免费乘车去纽约了。（省略从属连词if）,Part Four: Writing and Translation Translation,Part Four: Writing and Translation Translat
6、ion,3) Because they misunderstand the intended meaning, they commonly react in an unsupportive manner. 4) The driver immediately pulled over to the side of the highway and radioed the police.,他们误解了女人想要表达的意思，便常常以不赞同的态度来回答她们。（省略从属连词because）,司机急忙把车子开到高速公路边停下来，用无线电报警。（省略并列连词and）,Directions: The followin
7、g is an outline of a composition on the topic “How to Avoid Misunderstandings”. Translate the Chinese outline into English.,Translation Practice,Part Four: Writing and Translation Translation,Possible Version:,1）误解在日常生活中十分普遍。误解产生许多问题和不必要的麻烦：毁坏友谊，带来不幸。,Misunderstandings are very common in our daily l
8、ives. They will cause problems and unnecessary trouble: ruin friendships, bring misery.,Part Four: Writing and Translation Translation,2）要避免误解有许多办法：A. 不使用含有歧义的语言。B. 表达思想清楚，发音清晰。C. 突出要点。,2) There are many ways to avoid misunderstandings.A. Do not use words that may have double meanings.B. Express ide
9、as and pronounce words clearly.C. Emphasize the main points.,Part Four: Writing and Translation Translation,D. 不要不懂装懂。 E. 意思不清楚时要问明白。 F. 明白交际方面的性别差异。,D. Dont pretend to understand when you dont. E. Ask for clarification when not clear about the meaning. F. Be aware of the gender differences in commu
10、nication.,Part Four: Writing and Translation Translation,Part Four: Writing and Translation Translation,3) Many misunderstandings can be avoided if we are careful enough. Life without misunderstandings will be better and happier.,3）只要注意，很多误解可以避免。没有误解，生活会更美好。,Directions: Write a composition on the to
11、pic “How to Avoid Misunderstandings”. Your composition should have no less than 120 words.,Writing Practice,Part Four: Writing and Translation Writing,How to Avoid MisunderstandingsMisunderstandings are very common in our daily lives. Even though not all misunderstandings are very serious, they stil
12、l cause problems and unnecessary trouble. Sometimes, they can even ruin good relationships or friendships. This will undoubtedly bring misery.There are many ways to avoid misunderstandings. First, we should not use words that may have more than one meaning. We should express our ideas clearly and al
13、so pronounce words clearly, such as seventeen and seventy.,Sample,Part Four: Writing and Translation Writing,Part Four: Writing and Translation Writing,Second, as listeners, when we are not quite clear about what we have heard, we should not hesitate to ask for clarification. We shouldnt pretend to
14、know or understand if we dont. Third, we should not always take it literally when we hear a statement. For example, if a woman says “You never clean the house” to her husband, he should not argue that the day before yesterday he cleaned the house. Instead, he should take it as a signal that either she is tired or she is bored with the housework.Of course, there are many otherways to avoid misunderstandings.If we can avoid misunderstandings,we can have a better and happier life.,End of Part 4,Go to Part 5,
