1、初级会计初级会计会计术语名称 英文名称对账 (checking)对应账户 ( corresponding accounts)定期清查 (Periodic checking method)定期盘存制 (periodic inventory system)订本式账簿 (bound book)调整账户 (adjustment accounts)调整分录 (adjusting journal entry)单式记账凭证 (single account title voucher)单式记账法 (single-entry bookkeeping)从属账户 (Secondary accounts)成本计算账户
2、 (costing accounts)财产清查 (physical inventory)簿记 (bookkeeping)不定期清查 (non-periodic checking method)补充登记法 (correction by extre recording)表外账户 (off-balance sheet accounts)备抵账户 (provision accounts)备抵附加账户 (provision and adjunct accounts)备查账簿 (memorandvn)序时账簿 (book of chronological entry)一次凭证 (single-record
3、 document)银行存款日记账 (deposit journal)永续盘存制 (perpetual inventory system)原始凭证 (source document)暂记账户 (suspense accounts)增减记账法 (increase-decrease bookkeeping)债权结算账户 (accounts for settlement of claim)债权债务结算账户 (accounts for settlement of claim and debt)债务结算账户 (accounts for settlement of debt)账户 (account)账户编
4、号 (Account number)账户对应关系 (debit-credit relationship)账项调整 (adjustment of account)专用记账凭证 (special-purpose voucher)转回分录 (reversing entry)资金来源账户 (accounts of sources of funds)资产负债账户 (balance sheet accounts)转账凭证 (transfer voucher)资金运用账户 (accounts of applications of funds)自制原始凭证 (internal source document)
5、总分类账簿 (general ledger)总分类账户 ( general account)附加账户 (adjunct accounts)付款凭证 (payment voucher)分类账簿 (ledger)多栏式日记账核算形式 (bookkeeping procedure using columnar journal)结账 (closing account)结账分录 (closing entry)借贷记账法 (debit-credit bookkeeping)局部清查 (partial ckeck)卡片式账簿 (card book)跨期摊提账户 (inter-period allocatio
6、n accounts)累计凭证 (multiple-record document)联合账簿 (compound book)明细分类账簿 (subsidiary ledger)明细分类账户 (subsidiary account)盘存账存 (inventory accounts)平行登记 (parallel recording)全面清查 (complete check)日记总账 (combinod journal and ledger)日记总账核算形式 (bookkeeping procedure using summarized journal)三式记账法 (triple-entry boo
7、kkeeping)实账户 (real accounts)试算表 ( trial balance)试算平衡 (trial balancing)收付记账法 (receipts-payment bookkeeping)收款凭证 (receipt voucher)损益表账户 (income statement accounts)通用记账凭证 (general purpose voucher)通用日记账核算形式 (bookkeeping procedure using general journal)外来原始凭证 (source document from outside)现金日记账 (cash jou
8、rnal)虚账户 (nominal accounts)汇总原始凭证 (cumulative source document)汇总记账凭证核算形式 (bookkeeping procedure using summary ovchers)工作底稿 (working paper)复式记账凭证 (mvltiple account titles voucher)复式记账法 (Double entry bookkeeping)复合分录 ( compound entry)划线更正法 (correction by drawing a straight ling)汇总原始凭证 (cumulative sour
9、ce document)会计凭证 (accounting documents)会计科目表 ( chart of accounts)会计科目 (account title)红字更正法 (correction by using red ink)会计核算形式 (bookkeeping procedures)过账 (posting)会计分录 (accounting entry)会计循环 (accounting cycle)会计账簿 (Book of accounts)活页式账簿 (loose-leaf book)集合分配账户 (clearing accounts)计价对比账户 (matching ac
10、counts)记账方法 (bookkeeping methods)记账规则 (recording rules)记账凭证 (voucher)记账凭证核算形式 (Bookkeeping proced ureusing vouchers)记账凭证汇总表核算形式 (bookkeeping procedure using categorized account summary)简单分录 (simple entry)结算账户 (settlement accounts)编辑中级会计中级会计会计术语名称 英文名称期间费用 Period Expense收入的确认 recognition of revenue公司
11、债券发行价格 corporate bond issuing price固定资产折旧 depreciation of fixed assets可转换债券 convertible bonds公司债券利息摊销加速折旧法 accelerated depreciation methods营业外收支净额 net non-operating income and expenditure公司债券利率 interest rate on debenture应收账款出借 assignment of accounts receivable无担保债券 debenture bonds后进先出法 last-in,first
12、-out,LIFO其他货币资金 Other monetary assets应付票据贴现 discount on notes payable先进先出去 first-in,first-out缩写 FIFO在发建工程 constructions in process固定资产更换与固定资产改良 improvements and replacements of fixed assets实地盘存制 periodic inventory system收益总括观点 all-inclusive concept of income损益表法 Income statement approach可变现净值法 net r
13、ealizable value应付福利费 Accrued welfarism基本业务利润固定资产扩建 additions of fixed assets债券赎回应交折基金【旧】应收账款出售 sale or factoring of accounts receivable或有负债 contingent liability销货退回与折让 sales returns and allowances零售价格法 retail method现金折扣 cash discount特定履行法其他业务利润公司债券 bonds payable销售法 sale method应付票据 notes payable认股权 s
14、tock rights固定资产修理 repairs and maintenance of fixed assets有担保债券 mortgage bonds销售费用 selling expenses应付股利 dividends payable基本生产【旧】应收票据 notes receivable无形资产 intangible assets收款法 collection method所得税 income tax流动负债 current liabilities生产法 production method计划成本核算废弃和生置法 retirement and replacement method盘存法
15、inventory method流动资产 current assets购货折扣 purchases discounts商誉 goodwill应收账款 accounts receivable投资收益 investment income营业利润 operating income预提费用股本 capital stock企业管理费【旧】公司债券偿还 redemption of bonds坏账 bad debts固定资产重估价 revaluations of fixed assets银行存款 cash in bank固定资产 fixed assets利润总额利润分配 profit distributio
16、n应计费用 accrued expense商标权 trademarks and tradenames全部履行法净利润 net income应付利润 profit payable未分配利润 Undistributed profits收益债券 income bonds货币资金 Cash and cash equivalents利息资本化 capitalization of interests法定公益金 Statutory welfare reserve工程物资 engineer material预付账款 advance to supplier其他应收款 other receivables现金 ca
17、sh预收账款 Advance Received from Customers公司债券发行 corporate bond floatation应付工资 wages payable实收资本 paid-in capital盈余公积 surplus reserves管理费用 Management FeeManagement Fees土地使用权股利 dividend应交税金 taxes payable流动资金负商誉 negative goodwill费用的确认 recognition of expense短期投资 temporary investment短期借款 Short-term Borrowing
18、递延资产 deferred charges低值易耗品 Low-value consumption goods/Low value consumbles当期经营观点 current operating concept of income待摊费用待核销基建支出旧待处理流动资产损失待处理固定资产损失存货销售的影响 effects of inventory errors折旧旧 depreciation折旧方法 depreciation method折旧率 depreciation rate支出 payment直线法 straight-line职工福利基金【旧】专项拨款【旧】专利权 patents住房基
19、金 housing fund重置成本法 replacement costing专项物资旧专项资产【旧】专有技术 know-how专营权 franchises资本公积 capital reserves资产负债表法资金占用和资金来源旧自然资源 natural resources存货 inventory车间经费【旧】偿债基金 sinking fund长期应付款 long-term payables长期投资 long-term investments长期借款 long-term loans长期负债 long-term liability of long-term debt财务费用 financing
20、expenses拨定留存收益 appropriated retained earnings标准成本法 standard costing变动成本法 variable costing比例履行法包装物 Wrappage版权 copyrights编辑高级会计编辑成本会计高级会计会计术语名称 英文名称独立董事 independent director市场附加值 Market Value Added,MVA投资中心 Investment Center利润中心 Profit Center酌量性费用中心 Discretionary Expense Centers收入中心 revenue center合并前利润
21、 preacquisition income现金分配计划 cash distribution plan安全付款表 safe payments schedule合并每股收益 consolidated EPS期货交易市场 market of futures transaction期货交易 futures transaction举债经营融资租赁 leveraged lease金融工具 financial instruments企业集团 business qroup年度报告 annual report内部往来 transactions between home office and branches合
22、伙企业 partnership enterprise合并资产负债表 consolidated balance sheet合并主体的所得税会计(美) accounting for income taxes of consolidated entities合并现金流量表 consolidated statement of cash flow合并价差 cost-book value differentials合并会计报表 consolidated financial statements购买法 purchase methed企业整体价值 the value of an enterprise as a
23、 whole权益结合法 pooling of interest method期内所得税分摊(美) intraperiod tax allocation期末存货的未实现损益 unrealized profit in ending inventory公司间的长期资产业务 intercompany transactions in long-term assets名义货币保全 maintaining capital in units of money基金论 the fund theory功能性货币(美) functional currency汇兑损益 exchange gains or losses合
24、并财务状况变动表 consolidated statement of changes in financial poition换算损益 translation gains or losses举债经营收购(美) Leveraged buyouts,简称 LBC母公司持股比例变动 change in ownership percentage held by parent交互分配法(美) reciprocal allocation approach货币项 monetary items合伙清算 partnership liquidation控股合并 acquisition of majority in
25、terest关税 tariff名义货币单位 units of nominal currency记账本位币 recording currency经营租赁 operating lease流动非流动性法 current/noncurrent method经济利润 economic income破产受托人清算组会计 trustee accounting联合会计报表 combined financial state-ments权益法 equity method共同费用分配 home office-branch expense allocation货币非货币法 monetary/no monetary利率
26、期货交易 interest rate futrues transaction简单权益法 simple equity method汇率 exchange rate母公司 parent company红利法 bonus procedure库藏股法(美) treasury stock approach劳务因素 service factor精算报告 actuariesreport全面分摊法 comprehensive allocation固定资产投资方向调节税合并费用 expenses related to combinations间接标价法 indirect quotation买入汇率 buying
27、 rate期货合约 futrues contract混合合并 conglomeration控投公司 holding company股票指数期货 stock index futrues横向销售 crosswise sale固定汇率 fixed rate纳税影响法 tax effect method记账汇率 recording rate横向合并 horizontal integration合并前股利 preacquisition dividends可变现净值 net realizable企业合并会计 accounting for business combination平仓盈亏 offset ga
28、in and loss卖出汇率 selling rate金融期货交易 financial futures transaction会计利润 accounting income合并损益表 consolidated income statement公允价值 fair value期权 options间接控股 indirect holding两笔交易观 two-transaction opinion破产清算 bankrupcy liquidation企业合并 business combination企业论 the enterprise theory商品寄销 consignment权益理论 equity
29、theory融资租赁 financing lease商品期货交易 futrues for commodity商誉法 goodwill procedure生产能力保全 maintaining capital in terms of productive capacity升水 premium少数股东损益 minority interest income少数股东权益 minority stockholders interest上市公告书 listed company statment剩余权益论 the residual equity theory时态法 temporal method实体理论 ent
30、ity theory实体论 the entity theory受托人(美) trustee特定变动 specific change所得税会计 income tax accounting所得税的跨期分摊 interqeriod tax allocation税务会计 tax accounting售后回租 sale-leaseback耕地占用税个人所得税 personal income tax个人财务报表(美) personal financial state-ments改组计划(美) reorganization plan改组 reorganization复杂权益法 complex equity
31、method附属公司 associated company负权人偿金 dividend浮动汇率 floating rate分支机构会计 accounting for branch推定赎回损益 constructive gains and losses on bonds推定赎回 constructive retirement投机 spculation贴水 discount特定物价指数 specific price index分支机构 branch分期收款销货 installment sales分次清算 installment liquidation分部报告 segmental reporting
32、房地产收入 real estate revenue房地产成本 cost of real setate房地产 real estate多种汇率法 multiply exchange rate对境外实体的净投资 net investment in foreign entities订量单位 units of measurement递延法 deffered method当代理论 contemporary theory单一汇率法 singal method退休金 pension plan退休金会计(美) accounting for pension plan退休金给付义务(美) pension benef
33、it obligations退休金成本净额(美) net periodic pension cost退休基金资产(美) pension plan assets流转会计 accoung for circulatin tax合伙权益的转让(美) assignment of partnership interest购买力损益 purchasing power gains or loosses非货币性项目 nonmonetary items单行合并(美) one-line consolidation外汇 foreign exchange外币会计报表 foreign currency statement
34、s外币折算风险 foreign curency translation risk外币统账法 recording-currency method外币套期保值 hedge外币投资风险 foreign curency investment risk外币资产风险 foreign currency assets risk外币会计报表折算 translation of foreign currency statements外币兑换风险 foreign currency exchange risk外币承诺 foreign currency commitment外币负债风险 foreign crurency
35、liability risk外币持有风险 foreingn currency holding risk外币分账法 original-currency method外币 foreign currency外币业务 foreign currency transaction吸收合并 merger物价变动会计 accounting for price changes无偿债能力 insolvency完全合并 full consolidation物价指数 price index物价变动 price changes完全应计法 full accrual method物价总指数 general price ind
36、ex外汇期货交易 foreign exchange frtrues transaction下推会计(美) push-down accounting先折算后调整法 translation-remeasurement method现行成本/稳值货币会计 current cost/general purchasing power accountin现行成本 crurent cost现行成本会计 current cost accounting先调整后折算法 remeasurement-translation method销售代理处 sales agency相互持股 mutual holdings相对账
37、户调节 reconciliation of home office and branch accounts新合伙人入伙 admission of a new parther向上销售 upstream sale衍生金融工具 derivative financial instru-ments销售式融资租赁 sales-type financing lease向下销售 downstream sale消费税 consumer tax一笔交易观 one-transaction opinion业主权论 the proprietorship theory一般物价水准会计 general price leve
38、l accounting一般购买力单位 units of general purchasing power一般购买力保全 maintaining capital in units of general purchasing power印花税 stamp tax应付税款法 taxes payable method营业亏损抵免 operating loss carrybacks and carryforwards以外币表示的应收款项或应付款项 receivables ofr payables denominated in foreign currency一次总付清算 lump-sum qartne
39、rship liquidation营业税 husiness tax永久性差异 permanent difference原合伙人退伙 retirement of initial partner原始成本 historical cost远期汇率 forward rate时间性差异 timing difference暂时性差异 temporary difference增值表 value added statement债权人会议 committee representation债务重整 debt restructurings账面汇率 recorded rate直接融资租赁 direct financin
40、g lease直接标价法 direct quotation直接控股 direct holdings招股说明书 prospectus中间汇率 middle rate中期报告 interim reporting重置成本 replacement cost转租赁 subleases准改组(美) quasi-reorbganization资本保全 capital maintenance资本化价值 capitalized value资本因素 capital factor资产负债法 asset/libility method存货转让价格 inventory transfer price创立合并 consol
41、idation出租人会计 accounting for leases-lessor持有/(产损益) holding gains losses持仓盈亏 opsition gain and loss承租人会计 accounting for leases-leasee成本回收法 cost recovery method纵向合并 Vertical integration综合变动 general change子公司权益变动 change in ownership of a subsidiary子公司 subsidiary company资源税 resources tax成本法 cost method财产
42、信托会计(美) fiduciary accounting财产税 property tax部分分摊法 partial allocation不合并子公司 unconsolidated subsidiaries最低退休金负债(美) minimum liability租赁 leases租金 rents表融资 off-balance-sheet financing比例合并(美) proportionate consolidtion保证金法 deposit method资本资产定价模型 capital asset pricing model成本会计会计术语名称 英文名称关联业务往来国有资本经营预算制度能源
43、审计投资中心利润中心酌量性费用中心收入中心固定成本 fixed cost标准成本中心作业成本计算法直接人工成本差异 direct labor variance直接材料成本差异 direct material variance在产品计价 work-in-process costing联产品成本计算 joint products costing生产成本汇总程序 accumulation process of procluction cost制造费用差异 manufacturing expenses variance实际成本与估计成本 actual cost and estimated cost工资
44、费用分配 salary costs allocation成本曲线 cost curve农业生产成本 agriculture production cost原始成本和重置成本 original cost and replacement cost工程施工成本直接成本与间接成本 direct cost and indirect cost可控成本 controllable cost制造费用分配 manufacturing expenses allocation理论成本与应用成本 theory cost and practice cost辅助生产成本分配 auxiliary production cos
45、t allocation期间费用成本控制程序 procedure of cost control成本记录 cost entry, cost recorder cost agenda成本计算分批法 job costing method成本计算分步法直接人工成本差异 direct labor variance成本控制方法 cost control method内河运输成本生产费用要素 elements of production expenses历史成本与未来成本 historical cost and future cost可避免成本与不可避免成本 avoidable cost and unav
46、oidable cost成本计算期 cost period平均成本与个别成本 avorage cost and individual cost社会成本 society cost铁路运输成本废品损失 spoliage and defective work losses单位成本与总成本 unit cost and total cost成本开支范围 allowable cost沿海运输成本成本转账 cost transfer全面成本控制 total cost control商品销售成本 cost of merchandise sold价格差异 price variance汽车运输成本存置成本 hol
47、ding cost or carrying cost已耗成本与未耗成本 expired cost and unex-pired cost航空运输成本相关成本与非相关成本 relevant cost and irrelevant cost因素分析法 factor analysis approach目标成本 target cost成本计算分类法 group costing method远洋运输成本定额成本 norm cost跨期摊提费用分配 inter-period expenses allocation计划成本 planned cost数量差异 quantity variance燃料费用分配 f
48、uel expenses allocation定额成本控制制度 norm cost control system定额管理 management norm可递延成本与不可递延成本 deferrable cost and undeferrable cost成本控制标准 standard of cost control副产品成本计算 by-product costing责任成本 responsibility cost生产损失核算 production loss accounting生产成本 production cost预计成本 predicted cost成本结构 cost structure房地
49、产开发成本主要成本与加工成本 prime costs and processing costs决策成本 cost of decision making成本计算品种法 category costing method在产品成本 work-in-process cost工厂成本 factory cost成本考核 cost assess制造费用 manufactruing expenses动力费用分配 power expenses allocation趋势分析法 trend analysis approach成本计算简单法 simple costing method责任成本层次 levels of responsibility cost对比分析法 comparative analysis approach约当产量比例法 equivalent units method原始记录 original record可比产品成本分析 general product cost analysis预算成本 budgeted costs销售成本 cost of goods sold停工损失 loss on work stoppage等级产品成本计算 graded product costing分散核算宏观经济成本 macro economic cost综合费用分配 compo