1、非谓语动词 人教新目标版【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容：非谓语动词专练【具体教学内容】非谓语动词也叫动词的非限定形式，包括动词不定式，v-ing 和过去分词。（一）动词不定式的用法：1. 作主语：To learn English well is important.To eat vegetables can help us keep healthy. 动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换。Learning English is important.Eating vegetables can help us keep healthy. 动词不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面
2、。Its important to learn English.It can help us keep healthy to eat vegetables.2. 作表语：My job is to teach English.His hobby is to collect stamps.3. 作宾语：动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语，这些动词有：want, begin/start, like/love, forget/remember, learn/teach, decide, wish, hope, agree, plan 等。He wants to go home at once.I bega
3、n to play the piano when I was four.4. 作定语：I have much work to do.Do you have anything to say?Would you like sth. to eat?Its a good place to have fun. 这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面就要有必要的介词。There is nothing to worry about.He has no room to live in.The dog is easy to take care of.Id like so
4、me paper to write on.5. 作状语：I came here to see you. （目的）Im sorry to hear that. （原因）Tom is too young to go to school. （结果）To get to work, he takes No.7 bus every day. （目的）6. 作宾语补足语：宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语是什么或怎么样。带宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, invite, allow, want, wish, encourage 等。Lucy asked him to turn down the radio
5、.Mother told me not to come home late.Id like you to meet my family. 在使役动词 make, let, have 和感官动词 see, hear, watch 等动词后的宾语补足语，其不定式的 to 要省略。而 help 后的不定式可以带 to，也可以不带 to。Could you please help me (to) do some housework?I hear him sing every night.We saw her play the piano last night.It made me feel sad.L
6、et him go, please.7. “疑问词+不定式”结构：疑问词 who, what, when, where, how, which 等后接不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。Where to live is a problem. （主语）Do you know when to start? （宾语）The problem is how to use the machine. （表语）I dont know to do it. （宾语）A. what B. how （二）v-ing 包括动名词和现在分词两种类型。一）动名词的用法：1. 作主语： Seing is be
7、living. 眼 见 为 实 。 Watching TV to much is bad for your eys. Playing with fire(火 ) is dangerous. 2. 作表语：Her favorite is reading.3. 作宾语： Before having breakfast, Ihad shower.（ 介 宾 结 构 ） I like shoping. （ 动 宾 结 构 ） Thanks for invitng me. （ 介 宾 结 构 ） 4. 作定语：Its a reading room. running star, living room,
8、eating habit, English-speaking country, Tree-planting Day5. 有些动词后只能跟动名词而不能跟不定式，这些动词有：enjoy, stop sb. from doing sth. （阻止某人做某事）feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 go doing 去做spend(in) doing 花费做某事 Thanks for doing sth. 因某事感谢某人have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很有趣 /高兴practice doing sth. 练习做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事m
9、ind doing sth. 介意做某事 (11) be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事(12) give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 (13) cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事(14) have trouble/problem/a hard time doing sth. 做某事有困难(15) put off doing sth. 推迟做某事(16) prefer doing to (介词) doing 比起更喜欢6. 有些动词后所带的宾语既可以是不定式，又可以是动名词，但所表达的意义不同。（1）stop to d sth. 停 下 来 去 做
10、 另 一 件 事 doing sth. 停 止 做 某 事 She stopped (talk) with me when she saw me.Its time for class. Please stop (talk).（2）go on（继续） to d sth. 做 完 一 件 事 后 ， 继 续 做 另 一 件 事 doing sth. 继 续 做 同 一 件 事 He didnt have a rest and went on (work).After cleaning the room, we went on (cook).（3）forget /remember to d sth.
11、 忘 记 /记 着 做 某 事 doing sth. 忘 记 /记 得 做 过 某 事 I usually forgot (close) the door, but I remembered (close) it just now.（4）try to d sth. 尽 力 去 做 某 事 doing sth. 试 着 做 某 事 Why not try (do) it in another way?He always tries to finish his work before dinner.二）现在分词的用法：1. There are many people lying on the be
12、ach. （后置定语）2. Do you know the girl wearing glasses? （后置定语）3. I saw a boy crying in the corner. （宾语补足语）4. Can you hear someone singing outside? （宾语补足语）5. The sleeping girl is my daughter. （定语）（三）过去分词的用法：1. 作定语：I know a boy called Tom.This is a book written by Lu Xun.The trees planted by them grow wel
13、l.2. 作宾语补足语：I will have /get my hair cut. 我要去理发。 have /get sth. +v 过去分词 “让被”We should get the house cleaned.【模拟试题】 （答题时间：60 分钟）一、单项选择1. Colors can make us happy or sad.A. to feel B. feeling C. felt D. feel2. All of them want sth. for you.A. do B. to do C. doing D. did3. Lets stop . I know a great re
14、staurant near here.A. to have a meal B. to have a rest C. having a rest D. having a meal4. Remember the book in time when you finish .A. to return, reading B. to return, to readC. returning, reading D. returning, to read5. Although he was a child, he tries to find ways people life.A. to help, enjoy
15、B. help, enjoy C. to help, enjoyingD. help, enjoying6. My aunt enjoys in the countryside.A. lives B. to live C. living D. live7. Nancy, you may listen to the radio. But would you mind ? Your father is sleeping.Im sorry. Ill do it right now.A. turning it down B. turning it up C. turn it on D. turn it
16、 off8. We often see him the old man with the housework.A. help B. helps C. helped D. to help9. Its very nice pictures for me.A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing10. Our teacher often told us in this river.A. dont swim B. dont to swim C. not swim D. not to swim11.
17、 Its important the piano well.A. of him to play B. for him to play C. of him playing D. for him playing12. Smoking is bad for your health, youd better .A. give it up B. take it out C. giving it up D. look it up13. Yesterday he was busy for the math test.A. studied B. studies C. study D. studying14.
18、Im too tired. Lets stop a rest.A. have B. will have C. having D. to have15. Our teacher made Tom the text after school.A. write B. writes C. wrote D. would write16. There are so many kinds of MP4 players in the shop.I cant decide .A. what to buy B. which to buy C. how to buy D. when to buy17. At sch
19、ool our teachers do all they can us with our lessons.A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped18. Could you please such a thing again?Im sorry, I wont.A. not to do B. not do C. dont do D. not doing19. come and join us?A. Why dont B. Would you like C. Why not D. What about20. What about going to the st
20、ore some fruit?That sounds good.A. buying B. buy C. to buy D. is buying21. Would you please the window? Its too cold outside.OK. Ill do it right away.A. to close B. will close C. close D. not open22. I cant play the computer. Will you please show me ?No problem.A. what to use B. how to use C. how to
21、 use it D. how can I use it23. Have you finished the book? If so, please give it back to me.A. read B. readed C. to read D. reading24. Its bad for your health so much junk food.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats25. On her way home Lucy saw a thief in a shop.She stopped 110 at once.A. steal, call B.
22、to steal, call C. stealing, calling D. stealing, to call26. I dont like to sit here nothing.A. doing B. to do C. do D. did27. Look! There is a boy in the river.A. is swimming B. swimming C. swims D. to swim28. If you get a chance to college, take it.A. go B. will go C. to go D. gone29. We stopped ,
23、but there was no sound.A. listening B. listened C. to hear D. to listen30. Thanks for my house when I was away.A. looked after B. looked over C. looking after D. looking for31. The boy was too busy his parents.A. to hear from B. to write to C. writing to D. writing a letter32. The box is too heavy .
24、 Can you help me?A. for me to carry B. for me to carry itC. that I cant carry D. I cant carry it33. The house isnt big enough for us .A. living B. living in C. to live in D. live in34. Youd better out and at home.A. not to go, stay B. not to go, to stay C. not go, stay D. dont go, stay35. He said he
25、 spent all the afternoon a model plane.A. made B. to make C. making D. on making36. I dont know the way to the hospital.A. goes B. to go C. going D. goes37. We students must to the teacher when class begins.A. to stop to listen B. stop to listen C. stops listening D. to stop listening38. We had great fun in the water.A. played B. play C. playing D. to play39. Lily, could you please help me the old books?I dont need them.A. put away B. to put off C. put on D. to put out【试题答案】15: DBAAA 610: CAAAD 1115: BADDA1620: BCBCC 2125: CCDBD 2630: ABCDC3135: BACCC 3639: BBCA
