1、Unit 5 The Tapestry of FriendshipKey to the ExercisesText comprehensionI. Decide which of the following best states the authors purpose of writing.CII. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. T (Refer to Paragraphs 1 and 2.) 2. T (Refer to Paragraph 3.)3.
2、F (Refer to Paragraph 4. The shift was not simply from men to women. It represented in depth a shift from one type of friendship to another. In other words, female friendship depicted in movies nowadays was distinct in nature from male friendship portrayed in earlier movies.)4. T (Refer to Paragraph
3、 8.)5. T (Refer to Paragraph 16.)III. Answer the following questions.1. Refer to Paragraph 2. She thought it was a trivial movie, particularly with regard to its dull plot. At the same time she found it gentle and affecting on the grounds that the movie described in detail the characteristics of the
4、 friendship between two women.2. Refer to Paragraph 3. Because in the past men were the exclusive images of friendship depicted in movies and they were presented as the only inheritors of a primitive capacity for friendship. Women, on the other hand, were portrayed as incapable of friendship, taking
5、 their pleasure in making critical remarks about each other. Nowadays, however, female friendship was becoming a fashionable theme of movies, taking the place of male friendship.3. Refer to Paragraph 7. Male friendship, i.e. the bonding relationship between buddies, is established on the need for co
6、operation in the activities that men are engaged in or in the adverse situations they are confronted with. In other words, without the need to do things together, there would probably be no buddies at all. In contrast, female friendship borders on love, the need for mutual emotional support. Women f
7、riends desire to be together as a result of spiritual attachment, regardless of whether they are involved in the same act or not.4. Refer to Paragraphs 8?0. Men become buddies only when they have undergone together competitive, adverse or dangerous situations like sports games and wars, but women ar
8、e not real friends unless they have exchanged three loathsome secrets. This fact shows again that the male friendship is activity-oriented while female friendship is emotion-rooted.5. Refer to Paragraph 17. Because what men described as friendship was nothing of the kind at all to the woman. As she
9、saw it, when two women see each other only once a year, they cannot count as best friends; when two women do not call each other long distance without a real reason, they dont count as intimates; and when two women dont have dinner together alone without the company of their spouses, they dont count
10、 as chums. But in such situations, men can still describe themselves as bosom friends.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.1. Slowly, the movie gave a panoramic picture of the characteristics of friendship.2. This was not simply a shift from one fashion to another, but a trend towar
11、d more realistic and natural depictions in cinema-making.3. The tendency to present only men as capable of true friendship was challenged by the appearance of a more subtle approach.4. Buddies act tough to show off to each other, so would not reveal weaknesses; friends show their need for each other
12、 and are ready to confess weaknesses.Structural analysis of the textWe can summarize the authors viewpoint with the following sentence: A buddy is a fine life-companion but a friend is that part of the race with which you can be human. The parallel sentences used to show the major differences are:Bu
13、ddies bonded, but friends loved.Buddies faced adversity together, but friends faced each other.Buddies seemed to “do“ things together; friends simply “were“ together.Rhetorical features of the text 1. Joining clauses with a coordinator:Buddies bonded, but friends loved. (Paragraph 8)Buddies faced ad
14、versity together, but friends faced each other. (Paragraph 8)2. Joining clauses with a subordinator:Men affect each other in the reflection of noble or friendly acts, whilst women ask fewer proofs and more signs and expressions of attachment. (Paragraph 7) Men often keep their buddies in these categ
15、ories, while women keep a special category for friends. (Paragraph 9)3. Joining clauses with a punctuation mark:Buddies hang tough together; friends hang onto each other. (Paragraph 11)Buddies try to keep the worst from each other; friends confess it. (Paragraph 12)Note that in these sentences the s
16、emicolon cannot be replaced by a comma.Vocabulary exercisesI. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. 1. endings of profound significance 2. actions and words that show intimacy3. disgusting secrets4. to be dispassionate and moderate in behavior 5. closed life with very littl
17、e communication with the outsideII. Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with a word or phrase from the box in its appropriate form.1. hang together2. picking on3. soldiering 4. showing . off5. will make a difference6. binges7. intimacy8. resiliency III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form
18、s of the given words.1. fragility 2. drastic3. replacement 4. athleticism5. portrayal 6. inheritance7. confidence 8. embarrassingIV. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.1. B 2. B3. C 4. B5. A 6. A7. C 8. DV. Give a syn
19、onym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used. 1. Synonym: alter (transfer, change)2. Synonym: show (indicate, manifest, exhibit)3. Synonym: delicate (slight, nice, fine)4. Antonym: prosperity (success)5. Synonym: consider (regard, deem, judge)6. Synonym: embarra
20、ssed (uneasy, uncomfortable)7. Synonym: embrace (hold, cuddle)8. Synonym: astonishing (amazing)IV. Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence.1. argument 2. projects3. friendly 4. finished5. not to hurry 6. sensible; well-foundedGrammar exercisesI. Improve the following sentences. 1
21、. The students of Class One are more hardworking than those of Class Two. 2. He has sat at the table for several hours and drunk considerably more wine than is good for his health. 3. The greater the achievements (are), the more modest we should be.4. The British are crazy about pets. It is said tha
22、t British parents take better care of their pets than of their children.5. Tom likes pop music more than his eighteen-year-old daughter does. 6. Mary would do it much more quickly than I would. 7. I like Betty and Mary, but I think Bettys the nicer of the two. 8. Its the most expensive car in the wo
23、rld. II. Rewrite the following sentences, omitting whatever can be omitted without change of meaning.1. In 1970, the number of students in our school was about five hundred, and in 1981, over two thousand.2. Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.3. Paul likes poe
24、try, but Peter fiction.4. The hunter was frightened and was firing at the bear.5. While at college, he was a prominent athlete.6. Mr Brown teaches, and his son studies, at Cambridge.7. Thales thought water was the beginning of everything; Anaximenes, air; Heraclitus, fire.8. Max lost but Sue found t
25、he key to the safe.III. Omit the subject and auxiliary verbs of the relative clauses.1. The aeroplane, loaded to capacity, was a long time taking off. 2. Any dutiable articles not declared to the customs will be liable to confiscation. 3. This scene, superbly acted by Henry Irving, moved the audienc
26、e to tears.4. Overseas letters sent by airmail reach their destination faster than those sent by train or ship.5. The castle, burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.6. Words spoken in haste often lead to trouble.7. Not a single case of T.B. was found in the X-rays studied.8. The men,
27、 soaked with sweat from an all-night march, immediately went into action. IV. Fill in the blanks with rather or fairly.1. rather 2. rather 3. fairly/rather 4. fairly5. rather 6. rather7. rather 8. ratherV. Rewrite the following paragraph into direct speech.What have you done to your clothes? How cou
28、ld you have managed to get so muddy? If youve been playing on the river bank, its extremely naughty of you. You know the banks are very slippery and that you might fall in and drown. You both know youve been forbidden to play near the river. VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given b
29、elow, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.(Reference version)1. He didnt come to help, but to hinder us.2. They didnt find her until the next day.Translation exercisesI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. 电影镜头这种观察社会的特殊眼睛好像彻底变换了聚焦对象。2. 这些形影不离的银幕形象似乎是来自远古社会故事情节好像是制片人从诠释男
30、性间密切关系的人类学通俗读物里选取出来似的。3. 男性伙伴因共同参与某种活动而相互联系在一起。4. 一位男士曾经告诉她说，男人只有一起“经历过战争”无论是商场、运动场还是战场的战争 才能成为真正的伙伴。II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the word and phrases given in brackets.1. Your remarks do make sense, but the way of expression borders on rudeness.2. Any unemployed person
31、counts as deserving government help.3. On the whole I am quite satisfied with the experiment.4. A persons appearance makes a difference in how others judge him.5. Advertising tends to portray women in very traditional roles.6. Having inherited a considerable fortune, the twin sisters just couldnt wa
32、it to show off their jewelry.7. Public interest has once again shifted its focus to the changes in the urban environment.8. The new type of trains can run smoothly at the speed of about 500 kilometres per hour; in contrast, the old ones are slow and clumsy.III. Translate the following passage into C
33、hinese.如同其他许多欧洲国家一样，在法国，朋友通常是在同性之间交往的，而友谊被认为基本上是男人之间的一种关系。法国妇女嘲笑“女人不能成为朋友”这种说法，但她们有时也承认，对女人来说，朋友是“ 另一回事儿” 。另外，许多法国人对男女之间是否可能存在友谊表示怀疑。在一个团体中存在着这样一种关系，男女在一起工作了很长一段时间，他们之间的关系可能很密切，彼此忠诚，感觉亲切。他们可能彼此称 copains这个词的英文意思是“朋友”，但却更接近“ 老铁” 或“哥们” 的含义。在法国人眼里这不是友谊，虽然这种团体中的两个人很可能成为朋友。Exercises for integrated skillsI
34、. DictationI once said that a friend is a friend all the way, / but now I believe thats a narrow point of view. / For the friendships I have and the friendships I see / are conducted at many levels of intensity, / serve many different purposes, / meet different needs / and range from those as all-th
35、e-way / as the friendship of the soul sisters mentioned above / to that of the most casual playmates.The best of friends, I believe, / totally love and support and trust each other, / and bare to each other the secrets of their souls, / and run to help each other, / and tell harsh truths to each oth
36、er / when they must be told.But we neednt agree about everything / to tolerate each others point of view. / We need to accept without judgment. / To give and to take without ever keeping score. / And to be there, / as I am for them / and as they are for me, / to comfort our sorrows, / to celebrate our joys.II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word.(1) as (2) it(3) from (4) time(5) to (6) other(7) before (8) up(9) do (10) difference
