1、高级英语授课教案授课对象:英语专业三、四年级学生 授课专业:英语专业 标题 Book 1 Lesson 2 Hiroshimathe Liveliest” City in Japan教学目的1. To know the background of “The City of Hiroshima”2. To grasp the main idea and the theme of this essay3. To appreciate the writing style and rhetorical devices of this passage4. To understand the struct
2、ure of the text5. To learn to paraphrase the long and difficult sentences教学重点与难点1. What is a narration?2. Background information 3. Discourse analysis4. Some useful words and expressions5. Rhetorical devices-Irony another 24 percent were damaged. Every August 6th, since 1947, thousands participate i
3、n interfaith services in the Peace Memorial Park built on the site where the bomb exploded. In 1949 the Japanese dedicated Hiroshima as an international shrine of peace. After the war, the city was largely rebuilt, and commercial activities were resumed. Machinery, automobiles, food processing, and
4、the brewing of sake are the main industries. The surrounding area, although mountainous, has fertile valleys where silk, rice, and wheat are produced. Since 1955, an annual world conference against nuclear weapons has met in Hiroshima. 2. The Atomic Explosion 2.1 Some important dates during the Seco
5、nd World War. Sept.1, 1939 Hitler invaded Poland. France and Britain declared war on Germany, immediately, officially beginning World War II. Jun.22, 1941 Germany invaded USSR. Dec. 7, 1941 Germany attacked Pearl Harbour, bringing the U.S. to the war. Sept. 1943 Italy surrendered May. 7, 1945 German
6、y surrendered unconditionally Aug. 6, 1945 the first A-bomb exploded in Hiroshima Aug. 8, 1945 USSR. declared war on Japan and occupied Manchuria Aug. 9, 1945 the dropping of the second A-bomb on Nagasaki Aug. 14, 1945 Japan announced its surrender2.2 The bombing of Hiroshima- “Little Boy” At 8:15 a
7、.m. on August 6, 1945, by order of President Truman, the first Atomic bomb, nicknamed Little Boy was exploded over a point near the centre of Hiroshima, destroying almost everything with a radius of 830-1,450 meters. (Little Boy left Fat Man right )The damage beyond this area was considerable, and o
8、ver 71,000 people were killed instantly. Many more later died of injuries and the effects of radiation. Casualties numbered nearly 130,000.3. Postwar Hiroshima Words from Japanesesurvivors still dying of leukemia, pernicious anemia and other diseases induced by radiation almost 98 % of the buildings
9、 destroyed or severely damagedruin of the Institute of Industrial Development preserved as a symbol of terror of destructionPeace Park laid out nearby including a cenotaph memorializing the victims and a museum housing the relicsa special hospital built to treat radiation victim and to conduct resea
10、rch into its effects tempura 日式火锅 sake 酒 sakura 樱花 sushi 寿司 kimono 和服 judo 柔道 tatami 榻榻米 karate 空手道 kabuki 歌舞伎 kakemono 条幅,字画 tsunami 海啸 ikebana 插花 tycoon 大亨;大企业家 sumo 相扑 Mikado 天皇 Gobang 五子棋 Hiroshima Nagasaki Tokyo 东京 Osaka 大阪 Hokkaido 北海道 Kyushu 九州 Honshu 本州 Kyoto 京都 Yokohama 横滨 Sendai 仙台 Kagoshi
11、ma 鹿儿岛 Sapporo 札幌 Kobe 神户 Okinawa 冲绳 Shikoku 四国 Nagoya 名古屋 the Ginza 银座Introduction to the passage1. Genre analysis of the textNarration The telling of a story. A good narration has a beginning, a middle and an end. In a narrative writing, the actions or the incidents, events are generally presented
12、 in order of their occurrence, following the natural time sequence of the happenings. It is called to be in chronological order. But it can also start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings. This is called flashbackThree basic components of a n
13、arration: Plot: the frame of the writing, which consists of a series of events. There are usu. one or several climaxes, the highest point of the story, with suspensions, conflicts, to arouse the interest of the audience. After the climax is reached, the story quickly moves to a conclusion. Character
14、s: the leading character is called the hero or protagonist. Background: the time and place of the story The plot usually dominates narration, however, some narratives focus on character or theme or atmosphere.Characteristics of radio report: authenticity and objectivity 2. Structural analysis of the
15、 text:Part I: The authors arrival at Hiroshima Part II: The authors ride to the City Hall of Hiroshima Part III. The meeting with the mayor of Hiroshima Part IV. The visit to the hospital 3. The main idea of the textThe author, as an American journalist or reporter, was invited to Japan by the mayor
16、 of Hiroshima to gather some material about Hiroshima today. The city is quite different from the other cities of Japan because it had been greatly damaged by an atomic bomb dropped by an air force of America during WWII. So the author shows deep sympathy for the people in H. But out of his expectat
17、ion, he found things in H. seemed much the same as in other Japanese cities, and the people there had no sad thoughts on their minds. It seemed that they all live their happy lives. Therefore, the author uses the word “liveliest” to describe it for the sake of sarcasm or irony.First the author descr
18、ibes his feelings of guilt towards H. Then he describes Japanese people from his point of view and tells us the impression they give him. He raises a problem that exists in Japan-the struggle between the east and the west, or the old and the new by using two comparisons: one is between kimono and mi
19、niskirt, people with kimonos rub shoulders with those in western dress; the other is between old traditional houses and skyscrapers, that is, the old traditional houses floating in canal and those high buildings exist at the same time.Detailed study of the text 1. Questions for students to do discus
20、sion:1) Why is the word “liveliest” put in quotation marks?(the liveliest city: the word liveliest is out in quotation marks to show that this is what the city is said to be and the writer perhaps considers it ironic to use the word liveliest to describe the city that had been atomized)2) What infor
21、mation about the author can you obtain from the first paragraph and the rest of the text? The author was a reporter. The author was hired on a reportorial mission. Hiroshima was not the authors 1st assignment in Japan. The author didnt understand Japanese. The author was preoccupied with some sad th
22、oughts. The author was quite emotional (sentimental). The author might be American. The author was male.3) Did he ask the questions? What might be the questions he had prepared to ask?4) What is the theme, tone of the text?Theme- the terrible effect of nuclear weapons upon people and their lives. To
23、ne - bitter, upset, sad, ironic2. Language points:1. The word “liveliest” is put in quotation marks. The writer perhaps considers it ironic or sarcastic to use the word “liveliest” to describe acity that had been damaged by an atomic bomb. (Pun,双关)2. slip to a stop: came to a stop smoothly and effor
24、tlessly, in a gliding manner The soap slipped out of my hand. You are not going to let a wonderful chance like that slip through your fingers, are you? The fish slipped out of my hand. Well slip into the velvet glove3. lump in (ones) throat: a feeling of pressure in the throat caused by repressed em
25、otion I was choked with emotion; I was so overcome with emotion that I could not speak or think clearly.on ones mind-occupying ones thoughts, esp. as a source of worry troubling ones thoughts, causing anxiety, unhappiness. Eg: His failure weighs heavily on his mind.He has got too much on his mind to
26、 worry about your problem.I am glad you want to talk about this. Its been on my mind for weeks.a lot of sad thoughts on my mind: I was troubled about some sad events; I was occupied withsome sad thoughts.in ones mind: think about, think of4. The very act of stepping on this soil any reportorial assi
27、gnment Id previously takenslide, slip, glide Slide implies accelerated motion without loosing contact wit the slippery surface. Eg. A boat slides through the water.Time slides by.slide into bad habitsSlip often suggests involuntary rather than voluntary, sometimes even definitely implying a loss of
28、footing and a fall. Eg. He slipped on the ice.Glide, rather close to slide, means to move smoothly, quietly and continuously as is characteristic of dances. Eg. Plan glided down to the airfield.The years glided past.1) Act vs Action Action refers primarily to the process of acting; act to the result
29、, the things done. An action is usually regarded as occupying some time and involving more than one step; an act is more frequently thought of as momentary of instantaneous and as individual. Eg. The rescue of a shipwrecked crew is a heroic action while the launching of the lifeboat, a brave act. a
30、course of action2) on this soil: on this land, on this earth, groundThe word SOIL conveys a strong emotion, it is an emotive word.A person in exile comes back to his motherland, he kneels down to kiss the soil.Here it suggests the emotion of the author. He thinks his country is responsible for the A
31、-bomb destruction. He is preoccupied. He has the feeling of atoning (making repayment) for the crime.5. Was I not at the scene of the crime? Rhetorical questions are usually asked only for effect, as to emphasize a point, no answerbeing expected- I was now at the place where the first A-bomb was dro
32、ppedMore examples: Did this in Caesar seem ambitious? (This in Caesar did not seem ambitious.) What business is it of yours? You mind your own business. Isnt it a fact well known to everybody? (It is a fact well known to everybody.)6. Preoccupation: a matter that takes up all ones attentionpreoccupi
33、ed adj. preoccupy v. preoccupation n. Be preoccupied with/by: filled with thoughts or holding the interests almost completely esp.so that not enough attention is given to other matters. Eg. She found his preoccupation with money irritating. Mishaps due to preoccupation will be upsetting. Health worr
34、ies preoccupied him for the whole holiday. He answered me in a rather preoccupied manner. She seemed preoccupied all the time I was talking to her.7. rub shoulders with: (informal) meet and mix with (people) Eg: He said he would like to rub shoulders with ordinary people. He rubbed shoulders with TV
35、 stars at the party. Men and women of assorted ages and degrees of prosperity rub elbows and exchange opinions. This is not the sort of club where the great rub shoulders with the humbles.8. oblivious of (to):lacking conscious awareness; unmindful, forgetful eg: I am oblivious of my former failure.
36、I was oblivious of my surroundings. The speaker ground on, oblivious of his listeners boredom. Devoid of scruples; oblivious to or contemptuous of what is right or honorable.- Serious looking men were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the crowds about the
37、m.9. bob: to move up and down quickly and repeatedly eg: Her rucksack bobbed gently on her back10. faade: the front or face of a building, a showy misrepresentation intended to conceal something unpleasant eg: The house has a stone faade. The guard stood at the ornate facade of the Palace. Her hones
38、ty was all a faade If you look carefully, you can see through Bobs facade. But this was only half the story, the facade, as it were11. grocery store: a store where tea, butter, sugar, tinned food it intends to imply naive cheerfulness smile: The corners of your mouth move outwards and slightly upwar
39、ds. He smiles his consent./with satisfaction. laugh: To make a noise to show ones amusement and happiness. You can laugh at a joke or at an amusing sight. You can laugh at someone without being amused. They all laughed loudly. grin: To smile with the teeth. The boy grinned from ear to ear when I gav
40、e him a sweet. chuckle: To laugh quietly. I could hear him chuckling to himself as he read that funny article. giggle: To laugh repeatedly foolishly and uncontrollably, esp. by girls. I heard them giggle when I passed by the girls. snicker: To laugh in a disrespectful more or less secret way. On hea
41、ring his absurd opinion, I went snickering. simper: To smile in a silly unnatural way. When I told him the thing, he simply simpered. smirk: To smile in a false or too satisfied way. He smirked at everyone that passed. titter: To laugh very quietly from nervousness or badly controlled amusement. The
42、 girls tittered when they heard this. guffaw: To laugh loudly and rudely. All the people guffawed at his silly words. roar: To laugh long and loudly. They roared after they heard the joke. chortle: To give a laugh of pleasure or satisfaction. He chortled with delight when I told him the news. taunt:
43、 To try to make sb angry, or upset by making unkind remarks, laughing at faults or failures. They taunted her with her inability to swim. ridicule: To laugh unkindly at or to make unkind fun of. They all ridiculed the idea. deride: To laugh at or make fun of as of no value. /to mock at someone with
44、contempt They all derided his foolishness. mock: To laugh at sb(sth) when it is wrong to do so, esp. by copying in a funny or contemptuous way. The students mocked the seriousness of his expression. scoff: To laugh at, to speak or act disrespectfully. /to speak in scornful mocking way. It was a grea
45、t invention but at first many people scoffed at it. chaff: (infl) To make fun of sb in a good-humored way. He chaffed the man about his mistakes in speaking English. jeer: To laugh rudely at /to insult sb in a loud, unpleasant way. They always jeer at the priests. gibe: To laugh at with the intentio
46、n of hurting the feeling with sarcastic remarks. Dont gibe at her behavior until you know the reason for it. sneer: To express proud dislike by a kind of usu, one- side smile or to show scorn or contempt by looks. She sneered at the furniture in his neighbors home. joke: To make fun of. You mustnt j
47、oke with him about religion. jest: To act or speak playful, not seriously. Dont jest about serious things. banter: To speak, or act playfully or jokingly. 13. rear-view mirror: a mirror, such as one attached to a motor vehicle, that provides a view of what is behind14. martyre: v. to inflict great p
48、ain on; tormentmartyred citythe city that has been made to suffermartyre: n. one who suffers for the sake of principle or one who voluntarily suffers death as the penalty for refusing to renounce their religionExamples: a missionary martyr 殉教者 a revolutionary martyr 革命烈士 a martyr to duty 殉职者 a marty
49、r to love 殉情者 a martyr to continuous headaches/ arthritis / hepatitis一个不断受到头痛/关节炎/肝炎折磨的人Cf: victim a living creature slain and offered as a sacrifice during a religious rite or certain activities. the victim of a road accident. a victim of the smuggling victims of war the victim of a cruel hoax15. in response to: reaction of an organism or a mechanism to a specific stimul