1、形容词、副词要点：1.far 的两个比较级有所不同：farther 强调距离的远； further 强调程度的深。We cant go any farther steps. 我们不能再走更远的距离了。Lets have a further study. 让我们做一下更深的研究。old 的两个比较级的不同：older 指年龄的大小；elder 指亲兄弟、姐妹间的长幼关系。My elder brother is two years older than I. 我哥哥比我大两岁。2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法：用 法 例 句比较级之前加 much, far, a lot, a bit, a litt
2、le, even, still 等词修饰，表示“一方比另一方 ”，用以加强语气。She is a little fatter than me.她比我稍胖点。“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越（怎么样） ”When the winter is coming, it gets colder and colder. 冬天来了天气越来越冷了。“The+比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子”表示“越（怎么样）就越（怎么样） ”The more we have, the more we want.我们拥有的越多，我们就想要的越多。“the+比较级 +of the two”表示“两个中比较的”The ap
3、ple is the bigger of the two.这个苹果是两个中比较大的。名词+介词短语+be+比较级+than +that(those) +介词短语。The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Shanghai. 北京的天气比上海的热。“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示“比其他的任何都”China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。表示“大几岁、高多少 ”等时，常 She is three years older than I.用“数量词
4、+比较级+ than” 句型。 她比我大三岁。“Which/Who is+比较级，A or B?”Which is easier, English or Chinese?英语和汉语，哪个容易？3.1) 比较的对象必须一致，但不重复。My flower is nicer than yours. () My flower is nicer than you. () 我的花比你的漂亮。2) 比较的双方必须在同一范围内。Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其它的城市大。如不在同一范围内比较，则不用 other。Shanghai i
5、s bigger than any city in Japan. 上海比日本的任一城市都大。3) 原级与比较级的互换She is not as old as I. = She is younger than I. = Im older than she.她不如我大。 （她比我小； 我比他大。 ）4.形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上间的比较，且形容词最高级级前一定加 the，副词最高级前可省略 the。但形容词最高级有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格或专有名词修饰时，不用定冠词 the。形容词和副词的最高级通常有一个比较范围，常用介词 of , in 引导。of 表示比较的对象属于同一范畴；
6、in 则表示不属于同一范畴。He is the tallest student of the three. 他是三个中最高的学生。 （他属于学生）He is the tallest student in his class. 他是他班中最高的学生。 （他在班级范围内）形容词和副词最高级的用法：用法 例句表示“最 之一” 用 one of +最高级+名词复数。China is one of the oldest countries in the world. 中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。表示“第几”，用 the+序数词+ 最高级（不再加 the） 。This book is the third
7、 most interesting of all.这本书在所有的中是第三大有趣的。Which/ Who + is + 最高级，A, B or C?Which is the biggest, the moon, the sun or the earth? 哪个最大，月球，太阳还是地球？可以用 much, by far , very 等程度副词修饰，但放在定冠词 the 之前。It is much/by far the most beautiful scenery in Europe.它是欧洲最美丽的风景。形容词最高级有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格或专有名词修饰时，不用定冠词the。This i
8、s his latest movie. 这是他最近的一部电影。5形容词最高级与比较级的转换：Henry is the tallest boy in his class. = Henry is taller than any other boy in his class. =Henry is taller than any of the other boys in his class. = Henry is taller than all of the other boys in his class. = No other boy is taller than Henry in his clas
9、s. 海伦是他班中的最高的男孩。注：含有否定词的比较级，如(1)no less than=as much(or many)as “不亚于”not less than=at least “至少”(2)no less than =asas “和一样”not less原级than “至少不亚于”(3)no morethan=notany more than “和一样不”not morethan=not soas “不像 那样”(4)no more than=only “只不过”，言其少not more than=at most “不多于”， “至少”not more than = 不如no more
10、 than = 和一样不 (否定两者)not less than = 不如不 (即指不如 less 后形容词的反面)no less than = 和一样 (肯定两者)比较以下各句的意思：You are more careful than he is. 你比他仔细。You are not more careful than he is. 你不如他仔细。You are no more careful than he is. 你和他一样不仔细。You are less careful than he is. 你不如他仔细（你比他粗心）。You are not less careful than he
11、 is. 你比他仔细（你不如他粗心）。You are no less careful than he is. 你和他一样仔细。6.形容词变副词规律小结 规则变化范围 变化规则 例词大部分形容词 加 ly careless-carelesslyquiet-quietlydifferent-differently以 le 结尾的形容词变 le 为 ly possible-possiblyterrible-terriblycomfortable-comfortablygentle-gentlysimple-simply以 y 结尾的形容词变 y 为 ily easy-easilyangry-angr
12、ilynoisy-noisilyhappy-happilyheavy-heavilyhealthy-healthily不规则变化本身既是形容词也是副词，无需改变fast-fastearly-earlyhigh-highhard-hardlate-latefar-farwide-widealone-alone形容词和副词为完全不同的单词 good-well虽然以 ly 结尾，但却是形容词，不能直接用来修饰动词friendlylivelylovelylonelyLikely有些形容词本身即为副词，同时也有加 ly 的副词形式。但加不加 ly 意思不一样，使用时需注意wide(形容词，宽阔的，睁大的
13、)-wide(副词，睁大地)/widely(副词，广泛地),late(形容词，晚的)-late( 副词，晚地) ， lately（最近）high(形容词，高的)-high(副词，高地)/highly( 副词，高度地)特别容易犯错的副词形容词 副词 备注hard hard hard 副词容易写成 hardly, hardly 意思为“几乎不 ”，与 hard 无任何关系friendly 无 不能用 friendly 直接修饰动词，只能改成 in a friendly way“用一种友好的方式”。如：He smiled at me in a friendly way.excited excited
14、ly 容易拼错healthy healthily 容易拼错polite politely 不用去掉字母 e。类似的词还有：widely, nicely, closely, 比较以下三句，虽然表达形式不同，但含义相同：1. This rope is three times as long as that one. 这根绳子是那根的三倍长。2. This rope is three times longer than that one. 这根绳子是那根的三倍长。3. This rope is three times the length of that one. 这根绳子是那根的三倍长。7.(1)
15、 异类同质比较：即指两个不同的人或事物(异类)在同一方面(同质)进行比较。如：My room is smaller than yours. 我的房间比你的小。Our country is more powerful than theirs. 我们的国家比他们的国家更强大。(2) 同类异质比较：即指同一个人或事物(同类) 在两个不同的方面(异质)进行比较，这类句子常译为“( 更多的) 是，而不是” 、“与其不如”等。如：He was more lucky than clever.他是靠运气而不是靠聪明。She was mare surprised than angry. 她感到更多的是惊讶而不是
16、生气。This is more a war movie than a western. 这更应当说是一部战争片，而不是西部片。按英语习惯，在进行同类异质比较时，只能用 more 构成比较级，不能用-er 形式，即使是单音节词也是如此。8.形容词的位置多个形容词修饰同一名词：限定词+描述性+ 表示大小、长短、高低的形容词+表示形状的形容词+表示年龄、新旧的形容词+ 表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词+表示物质材料的形容词+表示用途类别的形容词+名词中心词。A charming small round old brown French oak writing desk.副词的排列顺序地点副词+时间副词方
17、式副词+时间副词方式副词+地点副词 +时间副词或者时间副词 +方式副词 +地点副词She sang beautifully in the hall last Friday.Yesterday, they worked very hard in the company.He is working carefully now.The student worked well here last week.9. more of +a +名词+= A 比 B 更She is more of a musician than her brother.=She is more a musician than
18、her brother.她比她弟弟更像有音乐天赋。例题分析1. We dont care if a hunting dog smells _, but we really dont want him to smell _.A. well, well B. bad, bad C. well, badly D. badly, bad2. “Our team is _ to win the match.” “Really ? But I dont think so.”A. Easy B. difficult C. Possible D. sure3. Mary is very clever and
19、_ worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look, he is now _ asleep in class.A. very, very B. much, very C. well, very D. well, fast4. “Could I take your order now?” “Yes. One _ tea and two _ coffees.”A. black, white B. red, white C. black, green D. red, black5. A _ road goes _ from one place to anot
20、her.A. straight, straight B. straightly, straightly C. straight, straightly D. straightly, straight6. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _ voice.A. a better B. a best C. the better D. the best 7. You are _ careful than your brother. You two cant do the work that needs care and skill. A. not more B. no more C. not less D. no less8. “Oh, how fat he is!” “But I think he is _ than fat.”A. Short B. shorter C. more short D. shortest
