1、 应试技巧 1. True or False Y/N/NG Y全对 N 错一点以上 NG 一点以上没提到 应试技巧 1）数信息点； 2）文中定位； 3）找信息点： 2. 其余题型 1 划出题干的定位词/关键词： 人名、地名、专有名词、数字等 2 根据定位词定位； 3 扫描 （定位词的变体、同义词、近义词 4 答题. 提高阅读速度的技巧 （1）提高整篇文章阅读速度的方法: 读首尾段; 跳读; 读每段都重复的词/同义词. （2）提高段落阅读速度的方法: 读主题句; 读表示转折 but, however, nevertheless 后的内容； 结论 so, therefore, thus 后的内容
2、（3）提高句子阅读速度的方法: 意群阅读 读key words； 读 key idea（读主句的主谓宾的中心词）; 句中有 and, or, because since, as , 的读半句. 信号词 传统意义信号词 A. 顺接和递进 first, first of all, above all, to begin with, second, then , also, next, third, furthermore, moreover, what is more, in addition firstly, secondly, eventually, finally another, the
3、second, the most, the best B. 因果关系 as, because, since, since, for, so, as a result, consequently, therefore, thus, the caused of as a result, result in, lead to, stem from, derive from, in that C. 举例 for example, for instance, that is to say, i.e., such as, including, that is, a case in point D. 对比和
4、转折 however, but, although, nevertheless, while, yet, still, on the other hand, by comparison, on the contrary; someother E. 相似 similarly, in other words, that is, put another way F. 强调作用 in fact, in essence, in particular, emphasize 非传统意义信号词 A. 表达客观结论 indicate that, suggest that, find out, conclude
5、that, point out, report that, demonstrate that eg. But Byers points out that the benefits of increased exercise disappear rapidly after training stops, so any improvement in endurance resulting from juvenile play would be lost by adulthood. B.表达主观观点 statements, opinions, say, believe, argue that, ma
6、intain that, claim eg. The UCSF researchers maintain that the simplest and most cost-effective action is to establish smoke-free work places, schools and public places. C.特殊符号 word, , word eg. In very significant cases of role changefrom a soldier in the ranks to officer, from bachelor to married ma
7、n, the change of role has to have a very obvious sign, hence rituals. Part VII Writing 30minutes,30 marks 共 2 题, 共计 30 分, 答题时间为 30 分钟。 Task I: 应用文 letter, email, twitter/microblog, notice, memo, lecture, note, notification, poster, abstract, advertisement, report, rsum 近几年已考题型 年份 命题要求 2007 a letter
8、explaining why（80-120w） 2008 a letter asking for information （80-120w） 2009 Email no fewer than 80 words 2010 notice no fewer than 100 words Task II 议论文、说明文、报告 近几年已考题型 年份 命题要求 2007 A report about fashion industries no fewer than 120 words 2008 A report about fashion industries no fewer than 120 word
9、s 2009 A report about fashion industries no fewer than 120 words 2010 An article entitled “” no fewer than 120 words 如何准备 Task I？ 一、书信 一 格式 1、日期： Apr. 5, 2011 5 Apr., 2011 5th April, 2011 Apr. 5th, 2004 其中，最为通用。 2、称呼（Salutation） 收信人称呼 先生（男人）Mr./Esq. 夫人（已婚）Mrs. 小姐（未婚）Miss 夫人、小姐统称 Ms. 夫妇俩人 Mr.and Mrs.
10、 两位或两位以上男子 Messrs 两位或两位以上女子（已婚）Mesdames 两位或两位以上小姐（未婚）Misses 常见的头衔（汉英对照）如下： 教授Professor 博士 Docor Dr.,Ph.D. 医学博士 Medical Doctor M.D. 总统或校长 President 主席或董事长 Chairman 副主席或副董事长 Vice Chairman 副总统或副校长 Vice President 首相 Prime Minister 总理 Premier 省长或州长 Governor 市长Mayor 参议员 Senator 大使 Ambassador 秘书长 Secretary
11、 General 一秘 First Secretary 二秘Second Secretary 院长 Director, Dean 副院长 Vice Director 系主任 Dean, Head 馆长 Chief Librarian, Curator 阁下 Excellency 3. 信的正文（Body of the Letter） 事务性信件: 开门见山，内容简单明了，条理清楚; 私人信件: 一两句客套立即转入正题，信写好之后若有什么遗漏，可用 。 起首语：1 Thank you for your letter dated Dec.22,1969. 2 Many thanks for you
12、r letter of Sept.5，1997. 3 A thousand thanks for your kind letter of June 5,1997. 4 Your kind letter of November 22th arrived this morning. 5 Your letter which arrived this morning gave me great comfort. 6 In reply to your letter dated 4th July, I want to say 7 Thank you very much for your letter of
13、 August 2 and the gift you sent me on Christmas Eve. 8 What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th! 9 It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting. 10 First of all I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me . 11 With great delight I learn from your letter of thi
14、s Sunday that 14 I am very much pleased to inform you that my visit to your country has been approved. 15 I wish to apply for teaching position you are offering. 16 I am too excited and delighted at your good news. 17 I am very obliged to ;you for your warm congratulations. 4.结束语（Complimentary Close
15、） 结束语是写信人表示自己对收信人的一种谦称，低于正文一行，从信纸的中间或偏右的地方开始写。结束语视写信人与收信人的关系而定。 1）Awaiting your good news, 2 Looking forward to your early reply, 3 Hoping to hear from you soon, 4 We await your good news. 5 I hope to hear from you very soon. 6 We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. 7 I look for
16、ward to our next meeting there in Los Angeles. 8 Your early reply will be highly appreciated. 9 Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you. 10 The help you give me is sincerely valued. 11 I hope everything will be well with you . 12 Please let us know if you want more information.
17、13 I hope you always enjoy yourself. 14 I wish you very success in the coming year. 15 Please remember me to your family. 16 With best regards to your family. 17 All the best. 18 With love and good wishes. 5. 落款 Signature 最常用的：Yours Sincerely， 用于各种关系的人之间 较正式的： Yours Faithfully； 亲人/好友间：Love from 其他：
18、Yours trulyTruly yours， Yours faithfullyFaithfully yours， Yours sincerelySincerely yours， Yours respectfullyYours gratefully， YoursEver yoursYours affectionatelyLovingly yours， 二 常考书信的写作 申请信 1、正文由部分组成: 1 说明得知消息的来源 2 介绍自己的个人信息及其个人经历 3 留下个人的联系方式 2、推荐模板 Date Dear , I am writing to apply for Here is my
19、personal information for you. If my application could be taken into favorable consideration, I would be most grateful. Enclosed are my score reports on all subjects and two recommendations. Yours sincerely, Name Date Dear , I am writing to express my great interest in , and Id like to apply as I wou
20、ld be very grateful if you grant me an interview. Yours sincerely, Name 3、常用开头: 1 I am writing to ask whether you could send me some information about your college as well as application forms 2 I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to do graduate study in your university.
21、 3 Thank you very much for the information you sent me about your college and for the application forms, which I am returning with three letters of recommendation, a certified copy of my transcript and 4 Thank you for your enquiry about the possibility of coming as a Visiting Scholar to the Departme
22、nt of We should be very pleased to welcome you here, and to invite you to participate in the activities of the Department. 5 And I am looking forward your early reply 6 If you want to know more about me, please contact me at July20 Dear Sirs, 1 I am interested in graduate study in physics, with the
23、ultimate goal of teaching at the college level, and would like to talk with you about the requirements of your department. 2 After my graduation from Peking University in 2000, I worked for several years before my marriage as a teacher in Open College. During that time I completed three graduate cou
24、rses at Zhe Jiang University, but did not finish my masters degree. 3 A resume of my background and experience is enclosed. I could probably manage almost a full schedule if necessary. However, I would prefer to begin on a more limited basis if this could be arranged. 4 I will call your office in a
25、few days for an appointment. Yours sincerely, Kim 称呼语 1 说明想要申请的部门 套语 I am interested in对十分感兴趣开 头直接表明自己有意向继续深造 2 简述个人经历从北京大学毕业后,结婚前 在 Open College 当了几年老师 3 A resume of my background and experience is enclosed.并说明已附上简历. 4 表示会亲自拜访 落款 * 资料 NECCS全国大学生英语竞赛 C 类初赛 词汇结构 阅读理解 写作一|、 NECCS C 类命题要求 大学英语课程教学要求三个层
26、次的英语能力要求： 一般要求： 1.听力理解能力：每分钟 130-150 词 2.口语表达能力：能在学习过程中用英语交流，主题讨论，日常话题,作简短发言。 3.阅读理解能力：每分钟 70 词。 4.书面表达能力：30 分钟 120 词 推荐词汇量：约 4795 个单词和 700 个词组 含中学应掌握的词汇 ，其中约 2000 个单词为积极词汇。 较高要求： 1.听力理解能力：每分钟 150180 词 2.口语表达能力：比较流利的会话，能基本表达个人意见、情感、观点等，能基本陈述事实、理由和描述事件，表达清楚，语音、语调基本正确。 3.阅读理解能力：每分钟 7090 词。 4.书面表达能力：半小
27、时内写出不少于 150-160 词。 推荐词汇量：约 6395 个单词和 1200 个词组 包括中学和一般要求应该掌握的词汇 ，其中约 2200 个单词 包括一般要求应该掌握的积极词汇 为积极词汇。 更高要求 1.听力理解能力：基本听懂英语国家的广播电视节目，能听懂英语国家人士正常语速的谈话。能听懂用英语讲授的专业课程和英语讲座。 2.口语表达能力：能较为流利、准确地就一般或专业性话题进行对话或讨论，能在国际会议和专业交流中宣读论文并参加讨论。 3.阅读理解能力：能读懂有一定难度的文章，能阅读国外英语报刊杂志上的文章，能比较顺利地阅读所学专业的英语文献和资料。 4.书面表达能力：在半小时内写出
28、不少于 200 词的说明文或议论文 推荐词汇量：掌握的词汇量应达到约 7675 个单词和 1870个词组 包括中学、一般要求和较高要求应该掌握的词汇，但不包括专业词汇 ，其中约 2360 个单词为积极词汇。 二、题型简介 1.赛卷构成： Part I Listening Comprehension 25minutes,30marks Part II Vocabulary and Structure 10minutes,15marks Part III Reading Comprehension 20minutes,35marks Part IV Cloze 15minutes,15 marks
29、 Part V Translation 15minutes,20 marks Part VI IQ Test 5minutes,5 marks Part VII Writing 30minutes,30 marks 2、主讲题型简介 Part II Vocabulary and Structure 10minutes,15marks 共 15 题, 共计 15 分, 答题时间为 10 分钟。 近年测试内容题数统计 测试内容 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 词汇 5 6 6 7 8 语法 5 7 7 6 5 情景/语境 5 2 2 2 2 二、词汇与结构解题技巧 A. 词汇 1
30、、利用动词词组中的介词或副词确定正确选项 1）Having decided to rent a flat，wecontacting all the accommodation agencies in the city。 A）set about B）set down C）set out D）set up A） 2）When he realized the police had spotted him，the manthe exit as quickly as possible A）made off B）made for C）made out D）made up B） 2利用动词词组中的动词确定选
31、项 If youthe bottle and cigarettes，youll be much healthier A）take off B）keep off C）get off D）set off B） 3释义参照型近义词 The manager spoke highly of suchas loyalty，courage and truthfulness shown by his employees A）virtues B）features C）properties D）characteristics A） 4因果参照型近义词 1）Some old people dont like pop
32、 songs because they cantso much noise A）resist B）sustain C）tolerate D）undergo C） 5转折或反义与对比参照型 1）Even though he was guilty，thejudge did not send him to prison A）merciful B）impartial C）conscientious D） conspicuous A） 其他三项的意思：B） 正直的、公正的；C）有良心的；D）显著的。 6反义对比参照型近义词 1）Competition，they believe，the national
33、character than corrupt it A）enforces B）confirms C）intensifies D）strengthens D） 7语意环境参照型 1）The president made aspeech at the opening ceremony of the sports meeting，which encouraged the sportsmen greatly A）vigorous B）tedious C）flat D）harsh A） 8根据词的同现确定正确选择项 1）The government is trying to go something t
34、o better understanding between the two countries A）raise B）promote C）heighten D）increase B） 2）Remember that customers dontabout prices in that city A）debate B）consult C）dispute D）bargain D） 2. 词汇识记法 2.1 机械重复法 机械重复模式即采用机械地重复英文单词的音义关系、形义关系,从而记忆词汇。 2.2 构词解析法 英语词汇的构词方式主要有合成、派生和转换。 合成：将两个或两个以上的单词组合在一起,从而
35、形成一个新的单词,即复合词,如:mainland, mankind, leadership。 派生：指在词根上加上词缀而形成新词,如: op+poseoppose, in+differentindifferent。 转换：指词形词性改变,如: invade, vt.入侵,侵略,侵袭invasion, n.入侵,侵略;侵犯。 2.3 汉字谐音法/拟音法 用汉语发音来模拟英文单词的部分或者全部读音,然后把这个汉语描绘与单词的词义组合成一个汉语短语,来帮助记忆单词的一种方法。如: ponderous 拟音 “胖得要死” 义 “笨重“ lobster 拟音 “老不死的” 义 “龙虾“ jaw 拟音 “
36、嚼” 义 n.颚,上下颚,口部。 Long live Chairman Mao! 拟音 “狼来否吃面包” 义 “毛主席万岁“ 2.4 语境融合法 语境融合模式是指将单词置于句子或课文中加以记忆的策略。这种策略是将新的词汇信息链接在已有的信息上,是记忆的联结体现。 读： 1.对孤立的词的重复是一种低层处理,记忆效果差; 2.将词与所处的语法结构结合起来,则是一种较深层的处理,记忆效果最好; 3.所选文章生词量宜控制在 5%以内,而且阅读后做一些词汇练习,这样才会有显著的词汇收获; 4.通过阅读进行的语义加工属于语言的深层次加工。学习者对信息加工层次越深,保持效果越好。 2.5 熟词图像嫁接法 把
37、熟悉的词汇或词根作为关键词与剩余字母或字母组合嫁接在一起,形成视觉图像的方法叫熟词图像嫁接法。 左脑：“理性脑”或“抽象思维脑”,主管人的言语、阅读、书写、计算、分析、归纳、推理等; 右脑：“感性脑”或“艺术脑”,主要负责人的知觉、图形、综合、空间、知觉、想象、艺术创造、扩散思维等。 方法： a.划出生词中已知词汇或词根作为关键词; spark spark pill pill string string b.将剩余字母形成视觉图像，如： A a 苹果或帽子 B b 花生、大肚皮或男孩, C c 耳朵、弯月或猫, P p 路牌 S s 美女或蛇 action 爱心或爱神 br 病人等 st 石头
38、等 3.将剩余字母视觉图像与关键词嫁接,并与生词词义之间展开视觉表象联想或语句联想； spark n.火花,火星 s 美女 +park 公园 和美女在公园约会, 燃起爱情的火花 pill n.药丸,丸片 p 路牌 +ill 病 他在路牌边病倒了,于是吃了药丸/药片 string n.线,细绳;一串 st 石头 +ring 戒指 石头做的戒指串了根细绳 morose n.忧伤郁闷 mo +rose（玫瑰） “没有玫瑰”所以“忧伤郁闷” 2.6 纵横字谜联想法: 记新词想旧词编短句 harp （竖琴） hard（坚固的） 坚固的竖琴 ferry（渡口） merry（快乐的） 快乐的渡口 carpe
39、t （地毯） car+pet 汽车+宠物 汽车载着宠物行驶在地毯上 barrack （兵营） bar+rack 酒吧+折磨 泡酒吧如同折磨人的兵营 morose n.忧伤郁闷 mo+rose（莫有+玫瑰） “没有玫瑰”所以“忧伤郁闷”2.7 串烧法 2.71 简单串烧 串烧发是以相同字母组合为主脉排序成串（顺序/逆序） 。 如: train strain restrain constrain train trein n.列车;一连串,系列 v.训练,培养 strain strein vt./vi./n.拉紧;拖紧;伸张 restrain ri strein vt.抑制,遏制;控制,限制;约束,
40、阻止。 constrain k ns trein vt.强迫,迫使;限制;束缚;拘禁;压制,抑制。 这种将识记材料成串思维过程在心理学中被称为组块化,是记忆活动中最重要的方法。它能将较小的记忆单位结合成较大的记忆单元,以扩大短时记忆的容量，提高记忆效率。 2.7. 2 故事串烧法： 记新词想旧词排列成串编故事 profiteer engineer，peer，pioneer，steer，sneer， volunteer 排列成串： pioneer（拓荒者） ，sneer（蔑视）peer（同龄人/权贵） ，volunteer（志愿） ，engineer（工程师） ，steer（掌舵，profite
41、er（投机, 牟求暴利） 编短篇：拓荒者蔑视权贵/同龄人，志愿为工程师掌舵，牟求暴利。 2.8 音形识记法 （拼读规则） 2.9 其他识记法 试图回忆法 构词法 词源分析法 归类记忆法 广泛阅读法 口头操练法 B. 结构 常考考点： 1. 复合句 （名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句） ； 2. 虚拟语气； 3. 非谓语动词； 4. 时态； 5. 冠词； 6. 情态动词； 7. 平行结构； 8. 倒装； 9. 被动语态 10. “it”形式主语/宾语 情景对话题 Part III Reading Comprehension 40marks 题型 Y/N/NG True or False Filling Missing Words 共 5 题, 1 篇短文, 短文后有5 个不完整句子, 要求考生阅读文章之后填空。 Short Answer Questions 共 5 题, 有 1 篇文章,要求考生在阅读文章之后回答问题或补足不完整的句子 答案不超过 10 个词 。 Summary 共 5 题, 1 篇文章, 文章后有一段文字对文章的内容进行总结，该段文字中设置出 5 个空格要求考生阅读文章之后根据文章内容并使用文章中词的适当形式填写。 Multiple Choice Match * 资料
