1、第 1 页 共 4 页Unit 5 Nelson Mandela- a modern hero单元要点预览词语辨析1. fight for/against/with 2. reward / award3. accept / receive4. since / because / as / for1. cruel adj. 残暴的, 残忍的cruelty n. 残暴, 残忍2. hope n. v.希望; 期望hopeful adj. 有希望的,顺利的, 有前途的hopeless adj. 没有希望的; 令人绝望的词形变化3. educate vt. 教育education n. 教育; 教育体
2、制educated adj. 受过教育的; 受过训练的重点单词1. devote vt. 投入；献身 2. vote v. 投票（决定） ；选举 n. 投票, 选票,表决, 得票数3. reward n. 报酬，奖金 vt. 酬谢，给以报答4. equal adj. 平等的；相等的5. advise v. 建议词汇部分重点词组1. be in prison 在狱中，被监禁2. out of work 失业,出问题3. lose heart 丧失勇气或信心重点句子1. We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we we
3、re less important, or fight the Government. 2. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.重点语法 定语从句 （见语法部分） 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. fight for/against/withfight for/against/withfight for 为而斗争；努力争取 fight against 与作斗争fight with 和并肩作战，和打仗/打架/斗争【练习】用正确的 fight 短语填空1). We will have to _ diffic
4、ulties. 2). They told the workers to _ their rights. 3). During World War II, the British _ Frenchmen against Germans. Keys: 1). fight against 2). fight for 3). fought with 2. reward / award award 用作名词时，意为“奖品” 、 “奖金” 、 “奖” ;reward 作名词时，作“报酬” 、 “奖励” 、 “报答”讲。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). The film _ are pre
5、sented annually 第 2 页 共 4 页2). A _ was offered for the return of the passport Keys: 1). awards 2). reward 3. accept / receiveaccept (接受)表示主观上乐意接受。还表示“答应”、 “同意”、 “认同” receive (收到,得到), 表示客观收到 , 还不能断定是否接受。还表示“接待”、“接收”、 “欢迎”4. since / because / as / for【解释】since =now that 意为“由于 ,既然”,常表示已知的或大家都清楚的原因。beca
6、use 表语气最强, 经常表听者不知的原因,它能回答 why 的提问。as 可和 because 互换,但语气不够它强,也不能回答 why 的提问。for 是并列连词,与后面的分句对前一句话起到补充说明的作用,其前常有逗号隔开。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). I cant go _ Im ill.2). _ the rain has stopped, lets go out for a walk.3). _ Im leaving tomorrow, Ive bought you a gift.4). It must have rained last night, _ the
7、ground is wet.Keys: 1). because 2). Since 3). As 4). forII 词性变化 1. cruel adj. 残暴的, 残忍的cruelty n. 残暴, 残忍2. hope n. v.希望; 期望 hopeful adj. 有希望的,顺利的, 有前途的hopeless adj. 没有希望的 ; 令人绝望的3. educate vt. 教育 education n. 教育; 教育体制educated adj. 受过教育的;受过训练的重点词汇 1. devote vt. 投入；献身He devoted himself entirely to musi
8、c. 他将一生奉献给了音乐。重点用法devote to 献身于；专心于在 devote to短语中，to 是介词，后面接名词或动词 -ing。常见的类似短语还有：pay attention to（注意）; stick to（坚持）; lead to（导致）; preferto（相比更喜欢 ）; look forward to（盼望）;2. vote v. 投票（决定） ；选举 n. 投票, 选票,表决, 得票数重点用法 vote down 投票否决；投票击败 vote in 投票选出；选举vote through 表决通过 put to the vote 将付诸表决take/have a vo
9、te on 对 进行表决 vote for/against 投票赞成/ 反对第 3 页 共 4 页3. reward n. 报酬，奖金 vt. 酬谢，给以报答典例1). He worked hard but without much reward. 他工作很努力，但是报酬很少。2). He rewarded me with a prize. 他用一个奖励来报答我。重点用法in reward (for) 作为（对的）报酬、报答give a reward to sb. for sth. 为给某人报酬、赏金reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因报答、奖赏某人reward sb.
10、with sth. 用报答、奖赏某人4. equal adj. 平等的；相等的重点用法 be equal to 与相等be equal with 与平等练习 中译英1). 一单位酒精等于半品脱啤酒。_2). 他们认为，在上帝眼中穷人和富人是平等的。_Keys: 1). One unit of alcohol is equal to half a pint of beer.2). They believe that in the sight of God the poor are equal with the rich.5. advise v. 建议重点用法 advise sb. on sth.
11、 就给某人出主意 advise +n. /pron. 建议advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人干 advise (ones) doing sth. 建议（某人）干advise + (that) sb. (should) doadvice n. 建议；意见a piece of advice 一条建议go to sb. for advice = ask sb. for advice 向某人寻求建议；征询某人的意见give advice to sb. on sth. 就对某人提供建议follow sbs advice = take sbs advice 接受某人的建议 重点词组1.
12、be in prison 在狱中，被监禁短语归纳 putin prison = sendto prison = throw into prison 把投入监狱The car thieves have been put in prison. 那些偷车贼都被关进监狱了。2. out of work 失业,出问题短语归纳 in work 有工作out of breath 上气不接下气 out of patience 不耐烦out of use 没用了 out of date 过时第 4 页 共 4 页out of order 次序颠倒；出故障 out of control 失控out of dang
13、er 脱离危险 out of shape 变形Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见, 心不烦。3. lose heart 丧失勇气或信心短语归纳 lose ones job 失业 lose ones balance 失去平衡lose ones breath 上气不接下气 lose ones heart (to sb/sth) 爱上lose ones life 丧生; 遇害 lose face 丢脸; 受屈辱V 重点句子 1. We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less i
14、mportant, or fight the Government.我们被置于这样一种境地，或者是被迫承认我们低人一等，或者是与政府作斗争。解释 这是一个主从复合句，in which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 position。类似的名词还有 situation, stage, case 等，作先行词时，可用 where 引导定语从句Can you think of a situation where you once felt embarrassed?拓展：2. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只是在那时我们才决定以暴力对暴力。解释当 only 修饰状语位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装的结构, 将助动词或系动词提前，放在主语前。Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth, which was a big surprise to him. 昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他, 这对他真是个令人吃惊的消息.Only by shouting was he able to make people on the other side of the river hear him.他只有靠大声喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。
