1、专题研讨形容词、副词比较级和最高级用法主备人：沈开美一、形容词和副词有：原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。（1）形容词，副词的原级就是形容词，副词的原形（2）比较级和最高级的构成： 一般在形容词和副词词尾加“ er”， “ est”例如： great-greater-greatest fast-faster-fastest 以 e 结尾的形容词和副词后加“ r”， “ st”.例如： large-larger-largest able-abler-ablest simple-simpler-simplest以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词，其前的元音字母发短元音时，该辅音字母要双写，然后加“ er”，
2、 “ est”.例如： hot-hotter-hottest 辅音字母加 y 结尾的双音节词，要将 y 改为 i，再加 “ er”， “est”，例如： easy-easier-easiest early-earlier-earliest happy-happier-happiest 【注：】如果是以形容词+ly 构成的副词，则要在前面加 more/most.slow (slowly-more slowly-most slowly) 一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词，在原级前加 more 或 most例如： beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful car
3、efully-more carefully-most carefully 不规则形容词，副词的比较级和最高级 原级 比较级 最高级good/ well better bestbad/ ill worse worstmany/ much more mostlittle less leastfarther farthestfarfurther furthestelder eldestoldolder oldest表示“最高程度 ”的形容词，如 excellent，extreme，perfect 等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级二、用法 1、原级用法：（1）讲述某人/物的自身情况时可用原级。基本句型为
4、：主语+ 谓语动词 + （so/very/quite/rather/too 等） +原级形容词或副词Eg：He is very old. 他非常老。They run quite fast. 他们跑得相当快。（2）表示两者之间情况一样，没有差别。基本句型：A + 谓语动词+ as 十原级形容词或副词十 as + B 翻译：A 和 B 一样Tom plays basketball as well as Jim. 汤姆和吉姆一样打篮球打得好。（3）表示第一个人/物比不上第二个人/物时，基本句型为：A + 谓语动词的否定式（含 not）+ so (或者 as)十原级形容词或副词十 as + B 翻译：
5、A 不像 B 那样例如：Chinese is not so difficult as English. 汉语不像英语那样难。She doesnt sing as well as her sister. 她不如她妹妹唱得好。 2、比较级的用法 双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用句型：A+ 谓语动词+ (even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much) + 形容词/副词比较级十 than+ B。翻译：A 比 B更例如：This pen is better than that one. 这支笔比那支笔更好。 表示一方不及另一方时，用句型：A + 谓语动词+ less 十（多
6、音节）形容词/副词原级十 than+ B翻译：A 不比 B例如： This room is less beautiful than that one这个房间不比那个房间漂亮。 表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量很多时，可在比较前加表示程度的状语，如：even，a lot，a bit，a little，still， much，far ，yet，by far 等。 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用句型：the 十比较级 + 主语十谓语， the 十形容词/副词比较级 +主 语 十 谓语。越 ，就越如：The warmer the weather is, the better I feel.天气越暖和
7、我感觉越舒服。不与其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时，用句型：主语+ 谓语 + 形容词/副词比较级十 and 十形容词/ 副词比较级多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more+形容词/副词原级”。例如：Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和。 Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的家乡变得越来越漂亮。在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用 that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。用do/ does/did 代替前面出现的动词/动词短
8、语。that 指物，one 既可指人，也可指物that 可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而 one 只能代替可数名词。 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型： (A) A is three times the size(height，length，width ，ete) of B (B) A is three times as big(high，long，wide，etc) as B(C) A is three times bigger ( higher，longer，wider，etc) than B翻译： A 是 B 的 3 倍大/长/宽等 【注：】用 times 表示倍数，一般只限于表示包括基
9、数在内三倍或三倍以上的数表示两倍可以用 twice 或 double 表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更”时，用句型：“Which/Who is +形容词比较级，A or B?”表示。 如：Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?李明和王涛谁更高？在比较级的句子中出现“of the two”之类的结构时，比较级前也需加定冠词 the，表示“两者之间最一个（of the two ） ”。 如：Mary is the taller of the twins.玛丽是双胞胎中较高的那个。【特别注意】比较的对象应当一致。如：A womans heart beats faster
10、 than a man.（误）A womans heart beats faster than a mans.（正） 3、最高级的用法 三者或三者以上相比，表示某人/物是其中最突出的一个时 ,用句型：A+ 谓语动词+ the 十形容词/副词最高级+ in/of/ among B。A 是 B 中最的Of all the singers, I think Li Yuchun is the best. 在所有歌手中,我认为李宇春是最好的。Tom is the most hardworking student in our class. 汤姆是我们班里最努力的学生。 one of the + 最高级
11、+ 名词复数 【最中的一个】Miss Ma is one of the most popular teachers in our school.马老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。Which（Who）is +the +最高级?意指三个以上的事物或人当中“哪一个（人）最为呢?”例如：Which is the biggest of the five apples? 这五个苹果中哪一个最大?当最高级之前有物主代词，名词所有格等词修饰时，the 可以不用。作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词 the。最高级之前可以有序数词。most 前面没有 the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“ 非常”。【注：】（1）
12、 比较级含最高级含义。当比较的双方属于同一范围内时候,用 other 或者 else 排除自己,因为自己不能和自己比较.例如：Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其他的城市大.如果比较的双方不属于同一范围内时候,则不存在和自己比较的情况,所以可以不用 other 或者else.例如：Shanghai is bigger than any city in Heilongjiang. 上海比黑龙江的任何城市都大.（2） “否定词 +比较级”表最高级含义No other student in her class is bette
13、r than she.班里没有其他同学比她更好。（3）原级表最高级：No other student in her class is as good as she.班里没有其他同学和她一样好。练习巩固一、写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _ heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _ brightly_ _ badly _ far_ _ quickly _ _ happy_ _ unhappy_ _short _ _ tall_ _ heavy _ _ thin_ funny _ _ serious_ _outgoing_ frien
14、dly_ smart_ _ quiet_ _二、用所给词的正确形式填空： 1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever). 2. Gold(黄金) is _ (little) useful than iron(铁). 3. My sister is two years _ (old ) than I. 4. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child. 5. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best one
15、s. 6. The short one is _ (expensive) of the five. 7. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother. 8. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her class. 9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house. 10. This dress is _ that.(twice, asas, expensive)11. Ying Ti
16、an is not as _ (tall) as Yong Xian.12. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before the holidays,13.Which is _ (heavy),a hen or a chicken?14. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English.15. Annie says Sally is
17、the _ (kind) person in the world.16. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.17. An orange is a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.18. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.三、选择填空： 1 He feels _ today than yesterday. A. tired B. more tired C.
18、 more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like _, coffee, tea or milk? A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst 3. Of the two toys, the child chose_. A. the expensive one B. one most expensive C. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them 4. The line is _ than that one. A. more longer B. no
19、t longer C. much more longer D. many more longer 5. The earth is _ the moon. A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 times6. The book is _ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest 7. She looks _ than she does. A. the more older
20、 B. very older C. much older D. more older 8. The garden is becoming _. A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautiful 9. They competed（比赛） to see who could work _. A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better C. fastest
21、and better D. faster and better11.An elephant is _ than a tiger.A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier12.“Which animal do you like _?“I like all kinds of animals.“A. better B. best C. very D. well13.-The TV programme is boring. Shall we play chess instead?-All right. That is _ than watching a boring TV programme.A. very good B. much good C. very better D. much better
