1、 高考复习专题之形容词和副词考点一 ：形容词和副词的基本意义 考点二 ：能对同根词和近义词进行辨析考点三 ：形容词作定语时的位置一般情况下，形容词作定语放在被修饰词之前，但在下列情况下，形容词要放在被修饰词之后1 修饰由 some- , any- , every- , no-和-body, -thing , -one 等构成的复合不定代词时。There is nobody absent today . 今天没人缺席.Is there anything wrong with your car ? 你的汽车出什么毛病了吗？2 成对的形容词可以后置She has many pencils , blu
2、e and red . 她有许多铅笔，有蓝的有红的There was a huge room , simple and beautiful .有一个大房间，简朴而又美丽3 当“形容词+介词 /不定式”构成的短语作后置定语时The teacher asked me a question too difficult to answer .老师问了我一个难得无法回答的问题。题组训练 根据提示完成句子（1）I have _ (一些重要的事情) to tell you .（2）People in the village , _ (老的和少的) , men and women , are fond of
3、singing and dancing .考点四：多个形容词作定语时的排序常见的顺序为：限定词(these/those)+数词（two/three）+描绘行形容词（beautiful/nice ）+大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词（large、long、high、round）+新旧（new）+颜色（White ）+国籍（ Chinese）+材料（wooden）+ 用途（writing）+ 被修饰词歌诀：限定描述大长高，形状年龄与新老； 颜色国籍出材料，用途类别往后靠。记住歌诀是有必要的，但同时还应多阅读，多体会，增强语感。如：A light blue silk skirt 一条浅蓝色丝裙 The
4、 first two paragraphs 最前两段Some beautiful little red flowers 一些美丽的小红花题组训练 根据提示完成句子(1) The _ house belongs to me . (white , wooden, little)(2) This _ girl is Lauras friend . (Spanish , little , pretty )考点五：表语形容词常见的有 afraid , alone , awake , asleep, alive , ashamed , sorry ,sure , certain , likely 等通常作
5、表语，和补足语，有的还可以做后置定语，但不能做前置定语。如：She was the only person awake that night .她是那晚唯一醒着的人。To my surprise , the driver is still alive .令我惊讶的是，那个司机还活着。考点六：形容词作状语表伴随或结果，用来补充说明主语的情况或特征。如： He returned home , safe and sound .他回到了家，安然无恙.He is standing there , full of fear . 他站在了那里，充满了恐惧。考点七：副词作状语，修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子
6、。一般放在形容词和副词之前，动词之后；作评注性状语时，副词置于句首，修饰全句。如：Fortunately , he was not drowned.幸运的是，他没有被淹死。 Obviously , your answer was wrong .显然，你的答案是错误的。Strangely enough , they won the game . 真奇怪，他们赢得了这场比赛。考点八：形容词和副词的比较级单音节或双音节的形容词或副词的比较级一般在其后加 er ; 多音节的形容词或副词的比较级一般在其前加 more （一）平级比较1 as +. + as 如 He can run as fast as
7、 a horse . He is as old as Lily . He is as good a worker as Tom .否定形式 He is not as/so tall as Lily .2 as +形容词+as +数量词= 数量词+ 形容词如 The building is as tall as 100meters . = The building is 100meters tall .注意：有些看似是同等程度的比较结构，但实际上它们是一些固定的习惯用语，常见的有：as long as 只要 ; as soon as 一.就.; as well as 既。 。 。又; as go
8、od as 与.几乎一样；几乎；简直 as far as sb be concerned 就某人而言(二) 比较级 基本结构：比较级+than1 比较级常见的修饰语有：rather , much , even , far , still , a lot , by far ,a great deal , a little ,any 等 。 如 : The students work even harder than before .2 “ the +比较级., the +比较级.” 表示“越.越.”The more tickets you sell , the more money you wi
9、ll get .3 “比较级+and +比较级” 表示“越来越.”Our country is becoming stronger and stronger . 我们的国家变的越来越强大了。4 “the +比较级 +of the two +复数名词”表示“两个.中比较.的”.The taller of the two boys is my brother .5 用介词 by 表示相差的程度.如:She is taller than I by three inches . 她比我高三英寸=She is three inches taller than I .注意 比较的对象应该相同，但同时还不能
10、相互包含。 The climate here is warmer than that of Shanghai .这里的气候比上海暖和。China is larger than any other country in Asia . 中国比亚洲任何别的国家都要大。 考点九：形容词和副词的最高级 ;单音节或双音节的形容词或副词的比较级一般在其后加 est ; 多音节的形容词或副词的比较级一般在其前加 most；形容词最高级前一定要加定冠词 the，副词最高级前的定冠词可以省略。1 最高级的修饰语常见的有: 序数词, by far ,nearly , almost , not really , by
11、 no means 等The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .黄河是中国第二长河2 否定词+比较级 =最高级He has never spent a more worrying day . 他度过了最担心的一天。考点十：倍数的表达法 表示倍数的几个常见句型 1 .倍数+as +原级+as . 2 .倍数+ 比较级+than3 .倍数+the +性质名词(size/weight/height/depth/length)+of . 4 The +名词+be +. 倍数+that/those of .如 这个房子是那所房子的三倍大
12、The house is three times as big as that one . = The house is twice bigger than that one .= The house is three times the size of that one . = The size of the house is three times that of that one .题组训练 句型转换The road is 4 times as long as that one . = The road is 4 times _ _ of that one .= The road is
13、3 times _ _ that one . = The length of this road is 4 times _ of that one .考点十一：most 作为最高级和普通副词The problem is the most difficult one of all . 这个问题是所有问题中最难的。 （最高级）It was a most difficult problem . 这是一个很难得问题。 （most=very ）考点十二：一些特殊的形容词和副词1 有些词后虽以 ly 结尾，但是它们是形容词，而非副词。常见的有: friendly 友好的 ,lovely 可爱的 , ord
14、erly 有序的,brotherly兄弟般的,deadly 致命的，彻底的,silly 傻的, sickly 不健康的，不健全的，likely 可能的 lively , 精力充沛的，lonely 孤独的，偏僻的2 hard/ hardly hard 作形容词时，意思是“艰苦的；艰难的；困难的；努力的”如 It is a hard time . 作副词表示“努力” ，如： work /study hard 努力工作 /学习 。 hardly 只能作副词 , 意思是“几乎不”如 He hardly studied .他几乎不学习。 3 修饰人口(population)、数量(quantity) 、数目(number) 只能用 large 或 small ； 修饰价格（price）只能用 high 或 low
