1、考点点击：情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等，它是英语动词中最难把握的一类，也是每年高考必考内容。命题热点：为情态动词的基本用法辨析，情态动词表示态度的用法辨析，情态动词表示推测的用法辨析，情态动词在虚拟语气中的运用。考查形式：主要体现在听力理解、单项填空和完形填空中。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习掌握。典例精析一、考查情态动词的基本用法一些常见情态动词的非常用意义往往为高考考查的焦点，考生须确切理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正确的情态动词。例 1：“The interest _be divided into five parts, accordi
2、ng to the agreement made byboth sides.” declared the judge. (2004 重庆)A. may B. should C. must D. shall例 2： The room is so dirty. _ we clean it? Of course. (2003 北京春)A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do分析：上述两题均考查 shall 的非常用含义，当 shall 用于一、三人称疑问句中时，表示征求对方意见；用于二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。上述三题答案分别为 D、B 。例
3、 3：Hes strange - he _ sit for hours without saying anything.A. shall B. will C. can D. must分析：will 用来谈习惯和特性，尤其是不受时限必然发生的情况。本句意思为“他很怪，能一坐几个小时一句话也不说” 。答案为 B。例 4：John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour？ (2005 全国)A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need例 5：Tom, you _leave all your clothes
4、on the floor like this！(2005 全国II)A. wouldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not分析：must 用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏要，硬要、干嘛”；而 mustnt 则表示禁止、不允许，是说话人强有力的劝告。故答案分别为 A、B。例 6：You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. (2001 上海)A. might B. need C. should D. would分析：在某些名词性从句中，should 表示惊异
5、、意外等情绪，常译为“竟然”。答案分别为 C。如：It seems unfair that this should happen to me. 真不公平，这件事竟然发生在我身上。例 7：_it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. A. Should B. Would C. Could D. Must分析：在条件状语从句中，should 表示“万一”，即可表示不能实现的假设，又可表示可以实现的假设。该句意思为“万一明天下雨，会议就延期。 ”答案为A。例 8：A left-luggage office is a place where bags
6、 _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. (2003 全国卷)A. should B. can C. must D. will例 9：The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _be very slow. (2005 浙江)A. should B. must C. will D. can分析：can 表示推测时常用于疑问和否定句中，用于肯定句中常常表示理论上的可能性，用来表达事件或情况可能发生(但并
7、不牵涉到是否真的会发生)。故答案分别为 B、D。二、考查情态动词的推测用法1、对现在或客观事实的推测对现在或客观事实的肯定推测一般用 must, will, should, may(might)或could，语气依次递减。 例 10：Helen _go on the trip with us but she isnt quite sure yet. (2005 安徽)A. shall B. must C. may D. can例 11：Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.It _ Harrys. He always wears gr
8、een. (2005 广东)A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be例 12：That, I think, _ be all that I want to say.A. can B. could C. will D. ought to分析：must 的语气最强，译为“肯定”、 “准是”、 “想必是” ；should 的语气次之，译为“很可能 ”、 “应该”，指按常理推测；may (might)译为“也许、大概”，表示把握不大的推断，后面常跟 but。could 的语气最弱，译为 “也许”、 “可能” 。答案分别为 C、D、C 。对现在或客
9、观事实的否定推测，常用 cannot 译为“ 根本不可能”、 “想必不会” ，表示推测的语气非常肯定, may not, might not 或 could not 译为“可能不” 、 “也许不”，表示推测的语气不很肯定。例 13：You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _ not like the design of the furniture.(2004 上海春)A. must B. shall C. may D. need例 14：-Isnt that Anns husband over there
10、?-No, it _ be him -Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. (2004 全国)A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not分析：在例 13 中，might just as well 表示“最好，还是为好” ，说明喜欢的可能性不大，故用 may not。例 14，根据后面的 Im sure 可以看出，推测的语气较强，故用 cant 译为“根本不可能”、 “想必不会 ”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩，常用于否定语气较强时。答案分别为 C、A 。对现在或客观事实的疑问推测，往往用 can 或 could，而不用 may/might
11、。 例 15：Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？(2001 上海春)A. can B. should C. may D. must分析：对现在或客观事实的疑问推测，往往用 can 或 could，表示惊异、怀疑、困惑、失望等感情色彩。答案为 A。2、对过去事实的推测对过去已发生事情的肯定推测常用 “must/may/might +have + v-ed”， “must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”，语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定
12、句，“may/might+ have + v-ed” 意思为“也许、或许”表示推测的把握不大，只能用于肯定或否定句，不用于疑问句；对过去的否定推测常用 “can/could /maymight not + have + v-ed”，意思为“不可能/可能没做过”；对过去的疑问推测只用“can/could + have + v-ed”，意思为“可能已经”。例 16：He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by seaside. (2005 北京)A. should B. must C. woul
13、dnt D. cant分析：根据后一分句判断，前一分句应该表示肯定完成了工作，故用“must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”，语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句。答案为 B。例 17：My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.(2000 上海)A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attendedC. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended分析：must 表推测时
14、，不用于否定，neednt have +v-ed 表示“ 本来没有必要”，shouldnt have +v-ed 表示“本来不应该”， “can/could not + have + v-ed” 意思为“不可能做过 ”。故答案为 A。例 18：-Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere.- Well. He _ have gone far-his coats still here.(2005 湖北)A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. cant D. wouldnt分析：cant have gone far 在此
15、表示现在对过去所发生事情的否定推测，意思为“现在不可能走远了 ”；答案为 C。三、考查情态动词的虚拟用法例 19：Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.-You_ her last week. (2004 福建) A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told分析：对过去发生事情的责备或遗憾应用“情态动词+have + v-ed”，据此可排除答案 A、C，而 would+have +v-ed 常用于过去的虚拟语气中，should(ought to)+ have
16、+ v-ed”表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做，含有责备的含义。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。故答案为 D。例 20：He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free. (2005 山东)A. could B. would C. must D. need分析：“could+ have + v-ed” 用于肯定句中，表示本来能够做成某事的但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味，侧重有能力而没能做成。该句意思为：“他花钱买了座位，而他本来可以免费进去的”。答案为 A。例 21：You should not have swum in that river
17、. You _ have been eaten by fish.A. must B. may C. will D. might分析：前一分句的 should not have swum 表示责备，后一分句则表明有被鱼吃掉的可能性。 “might+ have + v-ed” 用于肯定句中，表示本来有可能做成某事但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味，侧重有某种可能性但没能做成。例 22：Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.Thanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself. (2005 福建)A. neednt do B
18、. neednt have done C. mustnt do D. shouldnt have done分析：“neednt+ have + v-ed” 表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事，无批评责备之意，只是惋惜而已。如 You neednt have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本不需要浇花的，因为天就要下雨了。答案为 B。备考建议掌握情态动词的基本词义及其用法是把握情态动词的关键，同时要认真比较每个情态动词的用法，注意其细微差别，如 shall, can, must, should, will 的用法差异；熟悉每个情态动词
19、的适用场合，根据语境及说话人的语气选择恰当的情态动词，如用于推测时，must 只用于肯定句中，can 一般不能用于肯定句中。may/might 不能用于疑问句中；牢记情态动词表示推测的用法，尤其是对过去发生情况的推测；积累虚拟语气的用法，尤其是一些句势和特殊情况。情态动词考点透视练兵场1. Has it been warned that all the children in this area _ stay at their homes until the Bird Flu has been controlled?A. can B. willl C. may D. shall2. I tol
20、d Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her.A. had to write it out B. must have written it outC. should have written it out D. ought to write it out3. Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.A. mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrivedC. cant have arrived D. neednt have arrived4. S
21、ir, you _be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.A. mustnt B. cant C. wont D. neednt 5. The driver has drunk too much wine and dangerous things _ happen at any time.A. should B. can C. must D. need6. Is John coming by train? He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his ca
22、r.A. must B. can C. need D. may7. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.A. can B. will C. may D. shall8. Why did you throw the bottle out of the window? You _ somebody.A. might hurt B. could have hurt C. would hurt D. must have hurt9.
23、Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow._.A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent10. I didnt see her in the meeting-room this morning. She _ at the meeting.A. mustnt have spoken B. shouldnt have spokenC. neednt have spoken D. couldnt have spoken11.Summer Holiday is drawing near. Are you
24、going home for the holiday?I havent decided yet. I _ go home, but it depends on the weather.A. must B. need C. may D. will12. This couple had been separated twenty years, you _imagine how happy they were when they met again.A. might B. will C. can D. must13. We _last night, but we went to the concer
25、t instead.A. must have studied B. might study C. should have studied D. would study14. She _ listen to records, alone in her room for hours. We just wont interrupt her, for we know this is her usual way to stay in peace.A. might B. must C. will D. should 15. -Well done, Tom! - Thanks, but given me more time, I _ it much better.A. shouldnt have done B. should have done C. might not do D. could have done1-5 DCCAB 6-10 DDBBD 11-15CCCCD
