1、 高考专题辅导 第五讲名词性从句 教案 Page 1 of 6支 点 辅导 责任信誉专业高效第五讲 名词性从句 名词性从句在高考中的考查重点：1. that 和 what 引导名词性从句的区别；2.名词从句的语序和时态；3. it 作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况；4.宾语从句的否定转移；5.whether 和 if 的用法区别；6.what 在名词性从句中的使用；7.doubt 后的名词性从句的使用；8.Who / whoever, what / whatever 等的用法区别；高考指南-目标需求化【2013 北京】31. makes the book so extraordinary is
2、the creative imagination of the writer. A. That B. What C. Who D. Which【解析】B 考查名词性从句。此题题干部分 is 为系动词， the creative imagination of the writer 为表语，故 is 之前为主语从句。从句中缺少主语指事物，故填 what。意为：使得这本书如此不同寻常的是作者富于创造的想象力。【2013 北京】33. Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A.
3、 why B. where C. that D. what【解析】C 考查名词性从句。动词 believe 之后为宾语从句，从句陈述一个事实，不缺少成分，故使用 that 表陈述。【2013 湖南】28. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _ close you may be to victory. A. how B. that C. which D. where【解析】A 考查名词性从句。动词 tell 之后为宾语从句，再可以看出宾语从句部分为感叹句转换而来，描述形容词 close 用 how，故选
4、A。【2013 江西】30. _ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Wherever【解析】C 考查名词性从句。主句谓语为 will have to pay，之前为主语从句，根据句意，无论你们其中哪个人弄坏窗子都得为之赔偿。whichever“无论哪一个”，故选 C。【2013 山东】30. Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away. A. what B.
5、 whose C. which D. that 【解析】D 考查名词性从句。动词 know 之后为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用 that 表陈述一件实事。【2013 陕西】20. It remains to be seen the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice. A. that B. which C. what D. whether【解析】D 考查名词性从句。题干中 it 作形式主语，真正主语为横线后的主语从句。判断主语从句中不缺少主干成分，因此排除代词 BC 两项；“有待被观察”的事情应是不确定的事而不是表
6、陈述，即排除表陈述的 that 应用 whether 表“是否”。【2013 四川】6. _ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.A. When B. How C. What D. That【解析】C 考查名词性从句。此句谓语动词为 describes，之前的部分即为主语从句。主语从句中缺少谓语 said 的宾语，故选用代词 what 作 said 的宾语引导主语从句； that 在名词性从句中不做成分，只表陈述的语气；而 when 和 how 为副词，不能做主干成分。【2013 天津】15. I
7、want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What【解析】D 考查名词性从句。主句谓语为 is，之前为主语从句，从句中缺少动词 tell 的直接宾语，指事物，故填 what；而 which 意为“ 哪一个”，that、whether 均不做成分。【2013 新课标 I 卷】26. Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.A. which B. where C. how
8、D. what【解析】D 考查名词性从句。动词 found 后所接为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语指事物，故填上代词 what。【2013 浙江】16.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. A. how B. that C. which D. whether【解析】B 考查名词性从句。此处 belief 后所接的从句对其内容进行解释说明，故为同位语从句，陈述一个事实。【2013 重庆】28.
9、struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.A. That B. It C. What D. Which【解析】C 考查名词性从句。主句谓语动词 was 之前为主语从句；主语从句中缺少主语指事物，故使用代词 what；that 表陈述，不做成分；which 表示在确定范围内进行选择，译为“哪一个”。【2013 安徽】21From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered b
10、y water. A. why B. how C. because D. whether【解析】C 考查名词性从句。此处考查表语从句。根据句意：地球看起来是蓝色的。这是因为其表面 71%是被水覆盖的。考点解析-知识系统化复合句 = 简单句 + 关系连词 + 简单句名词性从句的界定与分类定义 一个句子在另一个句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语，相当于名词，故称为名词性从句。从属连词 that, if, whether; 连接代词 who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, what, whatever, whose; 连接副词 where, w
11、hen, why, how。 其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分, 而连接代词和连接副词既起高考专题辅导 第五讲名词性从句 教案 Page 2 of 6支 点 辅导 责任信誉专业高效连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分. 名词性从句均不能用逗号和主句分开。一、主语从句一个句子在另一个句子中充当主语，即句子充当主语，该句子称为主语从句。【完成例句】 根据句意选词填空(that, if, whether, why, when, what)(1) he will succeed is certain. (2) he will go there is not known. (3
12、) he said is not true. (4) the meeting will be held has not been decided yet. 答案: That ，Whether，When，What【结论】 that 从句，从句为一个句意完整的陈述句，没有具体意义，不充当句子成分，只起标志性作用，但 that 不能省略。whether 从句，从句来源于一般疑问句，whether 不能省略，意为“是否”，不能用 if 替换。 特殊疑问词从句，从句来源于特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词不能省略，意思为特殊疑问词本来的意思，在从句中充当句子成分。【疑难点探究】1. Who is he is non
13、e of my business. （改错）【疑难剖析 1】Who he is is none of my business.任何从句要用陈述句语序，即主谓语序。2. What he said at the meeting makes me sad. （改错）【疑难剖析 2】What he said at the meeting made me sad.主句时态为过去时，从句时态为过去的某一时态；主句时态为现在时或将来时，从句时态视具体情况而定。3. That 2010 Asian Games are successful is known to all. （改错）【疑难剖析 3】That 2
14、010 Asian Games are successful is known to all. 单个句子作主语，视为单数。4. （判断是主语从句还是强调句）It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 【疑难剖析 4】1主语从句通常由 it 充当形式主语，而本身放在句子末尾。 it
15、作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而 it 引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词 that。被强调部分指人时也可用 who / whom。5. 用 what 与 that 填空在引导主语从句时的区别you said yesterday is right. she is still alive is a consolation. 答案 What That【疑难剖析】 what 与 that 在引导主语从句时的区别： what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，而 that 则不充当任何成分。二、宾语从句在复合句
16、中作宾语的名词性从句是宾语从句，通常放在主句 谓语 动词 (及物动词) 或 介词 之后。【完成例句】根据句意选词填空(that, if, whether, where, what，who)(1)I heard he joined the army. (2)She did not know had happened. I wonder you can change this note for me. 答案：that ，what，whether，【结论】由 that 引导的宾语从句 (that 通常可以省略) ，that 在从句中不充当任何成分。由 what 引导的宾语从句，what 在从句中充当
17、主语、宾语或表语。whether (if)引导的宾语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，意为“是否”。1. 引导宾语从句时 if 和 whether 的区别（用 if 或 whether 填空）I asked her she had a bike. They discussed they will go back right now. Were worried about he is safe. I dont know or not he will come. I dont know to go. 答案：if / whether，whether ，whether，whether，whe
18、ther【疑难剖析 1】引导宾语从句时用 if 和 whether 都可以，但有 只用 whether 的特殊情况：动词discuss 后；介词后；whether 与 or not 连用时； whether to do。 2. 翻译：I dont think this dress fits you well. 【疑难剖析 2】否定的转移：若主句谓语动词为 think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine 等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。三、表语从句在复合句中作表语
19、的名词性从句为表语从句，一般结构是“主语 连系动词 表语从句”。【根据句意用填空】(8) The question is we can make good preparation in such a short time. (9) This is we cant get the support of the people. (10) But the fact remains we are behind the other classes. 高考专题辅导 第五讲名词性从句 教案 Page 3 of 6支 点 辅导 责任信誉专业高效(11) The reason he is late for sc
20、hool is he missed the early bus. 答案：whether，why ，that ，that， 【结论 1】完整陈述句充当表语时用 that 引导，且不可省略；表“是否”含义时用 whether；语义不完整时根据情况选用对应的特殊疑问词，如 what，when，where，why 等；两种特殊句型：the reason is that和 It is because结构。四、同位语从句在复合句中 作名词的同位语 的名词性从句为同位语从句。同位语从句对名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由 that 引导，可以接同位语从句的名词主要有：fact, informati
21、on, problem, decision, suggestion, proposal, order 等。【疑难 1】同位语在句子中的位置（划分句子成分）He got the news from Mary than the sports meeting was put off.【疑难剖析 1】同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。 【疑难 2】同位语从句与定语从句的区别 (试比较)The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year. 他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。The news that T
22、om would go abroad is told by him. 汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。 【疑难剖析 2】 (1)定语从句中的 that 既代替先行词，同时可以在从句中作某个成分( 主语或宾语)，而同位语从句中的 that 是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述名词的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词的具体内容进行补充说明。巩固提高-方法能力化【2012 陕西卷】20. As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choo
23、se _ suits you best.A whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever【解析】B 考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句做动词 choose 的宾语，引导词在从句中做主语，意思是：无论哪件，选 B。其余选项与句意不符。【2012 北京卷】24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he coul d have expressed it differently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether【解析】 C。从句考查，宾语从句不缺少成分用 t
24、hat 引导。【2012 江西卷】25It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.Awhether Bwhere Cwhich Dthat【解析】D it 作形式主语，真正的主语为 that he had left his keys in the office。且 that 在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。【2012 重庆卷】34. Evdence has been found through years of study_ childrens early sleeping problem likely to c
25、ontinue when they grow up. A. why B. how C. whe ther D. that【解析】D 分析句子结构可知，空白处后 面为句子主语“Evidence” 的同位语从句，在这一从句中，句意完整，不缺少成分，应该使用“that”作为引导词。因此，正确答案为 D 选项。 【2012 安徽卷】27.The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environme
26、nt.A. where B. whether C. that D. why 【解析】首先 把插入语 generally speaking 删掉，选择 B.本题考查名词性从句，but whether he rea ch es these limits will depend on his environment.【2012 全国新课程】24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. which C. that D. what【解析】D 此处 it 是形式主语， what 引导的是主语从句，作
27、真正的主语。What 作 do 的宾语。句意：总 统采取什 么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。【2012 山东卷】25. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. how B. whether C. what D. why 【解析】B 此处 it 是形式主语，后面 whether.or引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether.or意为：是还是都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。【2012 福建卷】35. We promise attends the party a chance to h
28、ave a photo taken with the movie star. A. whoB. whom C. whoever D. whomever【解析】C 首先本句考查的关键短语是 p romise sb sth“向某人承诺某事“本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式做 chance 的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人whoever=anyone who，这样句子就很清晰了，所以划分句子成分非常关键，以前考察 whoever 都是做状语，而本题考查的是作 promise 的宾语，挺新颖的。【2011北京卷 22】_ Barbara Jones offers to he
29、r fans is honesty and happiness.A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom【解析】B 句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案为A，此处 what 引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。【2011北京卷 31】The shocking news mad me realize _ terrible problems we would face.A.what B. how C. that D. why【解析】A 由句中的 IS 可知其前面是由 what 引导的主语从句，且 what 在从句中作 offer 的宾语，故答案为
30、 A 项。【2011 上海卷 35】There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. A. what B. if C. how D. that【解析】D 句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。分析句子结构，从句中不错成分，故用关联词 that。【2011 上海卷 38】The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of 高考专题辅导 第五讲名词性从
31、句 教案 Page 4 of 6支 点 辅导 责任信誉专业高效_ others actually understand. A. why B. that C. which D. what【解析】D 句意为：你试图通过言语表达的意思或许恰恰跟别人理解的相反。【2011山东卷 26】I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything.A. that B. when C. where D. why 【解析】D 句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“w
32、hich is”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why” 引导。【2011陕西卷 15】Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what【解析】D 后面从句不完整， do 后面缺少宾语，所以要填连接代词 what，答案 D。【2011重庆卷 22】It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or
33、not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where【解析】A still under discussion“还在讨论中”说明“旧中巴车站是否应该被一个宾馆替代”还没决定。且根据后面的 whetheror not 也可以做出正确选择。10 福建We should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely.A. that B. which C. what D. whether解析C 空格在句中充当宾语。我们应该尊重食物 , 考虑那些
34、我们所拥有的东西和认真对待食物的态度。10 湖南Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.A. where B. whether C. that D. why 解析D 该空引导宾语从句 , 根据句意 “办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气 ”可判断选 D 项。10 天津As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. w
35、hich解析B 句意：作为一名新毕业生 , 他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。空格后的从句中takes 是动词 , 其后缺少宾语 , 所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用 what。10北京 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How解析B 句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。从句中缺宾语, 只能用 B. what 来引导. C.中的 That 引导主语从句不做成分。10 浙江How about camping this weekend,
36、just for a change?OK, you want. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever解析C 句意：“ 这个周末野营怎么样, 来点新鲜的？” “好啊, 按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。10 浙江It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether解析B 根据句意：尽管大
37、约有两千名病人服用过这种药物, 但是, 它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect 意思是 “副作用”, 还原主语从句中的主干是 the medicine will bring about _ side effect。故选择 what, 形容词 “什么样的”, 起修饰作用。10 上海One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. A. that B. how C. what D. why解析A 考查 that 引
38、导同位语从句的用法。此处 that 不可以省略。10 山东Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season.A. why B. what C. how D. which解析B 句意应为 “在大甩卖开始前, 我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。 ”分析句式结构可知, 空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当 need 的宾语, 所以 B 项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。10 上海When changing lanes, a driv
39、er should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering解析B which 引导的句子做 know 的宾语, 句子用陈述语序。10 四川How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with, whether his fr
40、iends or relatives. w_ A. what B. who C. how D. why w解析B 根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives 可知应是和谁去, 故选 B。句意为 “一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去, 无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。 ”10 全国We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.A. that B. which C. what D. where解析句 D 意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。干中空格划在动词 discuss
41、的后面, 因此考查宾语从句, 根据句意在宾语从句中缺少地点状语, 因此选择 D。10湖北I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.A. who B. where C. what D. how解析C 我想别人喜欢我是因为我的内在。也就是我 inside 的品质。只有 what 可以指代是什么。很多同学误选 A, 错误的用中文语言习惯去做英文题。10 全国Have you finished the book?-No,Ive read up to_the children discover the secret cave.A.which B.what
42、C.hat D.where解析D Up to 为介词结构, 后接宾语从句从句；而句意是 “读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方”, 故用 where 引导这个宾语从句最合适。高考专题辅导 第五讲名词性从句 教案 Page 5 of 6支 点 辅导 责任信誉专业高效10 江苏I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats_I dont agree. You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.what解析A 这就是我不同意的地方
43、.agree 是不及物动词,所以用 where. 用表语从句。10北京Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A. what B. that C. why D. whether解析B 从句不缺成分, 因此用 that 来引导。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。09 湖南She is very dear to us. We have
44、been prepared to do it takes to save her life.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever解析C 句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵 , 我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。句中缺少宾语, 选项中只有 whatever 符合句意可引导宾语从句作动词 do 的宾语并在从句中充当动词take to 的宾语。 答案 C。09 江西The fact has worried many scientists _the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A
45、. what B. which C. that D. though解析近 C 年来地球气候逐渐变暖 , 很多科学家已经为此担忧。即先行词是 the fact 和 that 引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分。09 北京At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see_it got any better. A. when B. how C. why D. if解析起 D 先他讨厌这个新工作 , 但决定给自己几个月时间看看是否能感觉好点。考查宾语从句。答案 D。09 全国 ICould I sp
46、eak to is in charge of International Sales please?A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever解析C 我能够和负责国际业务的人谈谈吗？ whoever 既作了 to 的宾语, 又作 is in charge of International Sales please?的主语。 “whoever”作代词, any person whothe person who “任何人”、“无论谁”、 “的人”。09 海南One of the most important questions they had to conside
47、r was of public healthA. what B. this C. that D. which解析C 句意为：他们必须考虑其中最重要的问题是公共卫生。考查 that 作代词, that 作代词, 往往用于特指, 相当于 “that名词”, 它也只能代替事情不能代替人。09 陕西The how to book can be of help to wants to do the job.A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever解析D 此处从做介词 to 的宾语, 是名词性从句, 引导词做从句的主语, 指人, 意思是：无论是谁, 选 D09 四川News came from the school office _Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A. which B.
