收藏 分享(赏)

情态动词教学方案讲义.doc

上传人:pw17869 文档编号:6776737 上传时间:2019-04-22 格式:DOC 页数:9 大小:56.50KB
下载 相关 举报
情态动词教学方案讲义.doc_第1页
第1页 / 共9页
情态动词教学方案讲义.doc_第2页
第2页 / 共9页
情态动词教学方案讲义.doc_第3页
第3页 / 共9页
情态动词教学方案讲义.doc_第4页
第4页 / 共9页
情态动词教学方案讲义.doc_第5页
第5页 / 共9页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

1、情态动词教学讲义一、 情态动词的用法1. must(1) must 表示自己的主观看法或要求别人必须做某事,意为“必须,应该” 。We must learn English hard. 我们必须努力学习英语。(2) must 表示推测,意为 “准是,一定” ,一般指可能性很大。The woman must be Li Leis mother. 那个妇女一定是李雷的母亲。(3) must 表示推测时,其否定式不用 mustnt, 而用 cant.The door is closed. He cant be at home.(4) mustnt 表示“不可以,禁止” 。You mustnt pla

2、y on the road. 你不可以在路上玩。(5) 以 must 开头的疑问句,肯定回答用 must,否定回答用neednt,意为“不必” 。(6) must 与 have to 的区别:must 表示主观的看法, have to 表示客观的需要。must 只有一种形式,而 have to 有多种形式,第三人称单数现在时用 has to,过去式用 had to,将来时态用 will have to。2. needneed 既可用作情态动词,又可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时,它只有一种形式,后跟不带 to 的动词不定式,只用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时,它有动词的全部形式,即现在时单数第

3、三人称needs,现在分词 needing,过去式和过去分词 needed,后跟带 to 的不定式,可用于一切句式。3. 比较 can 和 be able to(1) can, could 表示“能力,可能” , (过去时用 could) ,只用于现在式和过去式。be able to 可以用于各种时态。They will be able to tell you the news soon.(2) 以下情况下只用 be able to:A. 位于助动词后B. 情态动词之后C. 表示过去某时刻动作时D. 用于句首表示条件E. 表示成功地做了某事时,只能用 was/were able to,不能用c

4、ould。He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.战争爆发前他得以逃离欧洲。【注意】could 不表示时态,其特殊用法有:(1) 提出委婉的请求, (注意在回答中部可用 could)-Could you lend me your bike?-Yes, you can. / No, you cant.(2)在否定、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑He couldnt be a bad man.4. 比较 may 与 might(1) 表示

5、允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may 放在句首,表示祝愿。May you succeed!He might be at home.【注】might 表示推测时,用 might 代替 may 时,有时语气更委婉,更不肯定,这时 might 不表示时态。(2) 成语搭配:may/might as well, 后面接不带 to 的不定式,意为“不妨” 。If that is the case, we may as well try.5. 比较 have to 和 must(1) 两词都是“必须”的意思,have to 表示客观的需要,must 表示说话人主观上的看法,即客观上的必要。My moth

6、er was ill, so I had to look after her at home. (客观上需要做这件事)He said that they must work hard. (主观上要做这件事)(2) have to 有人称、数、时态的变化,而 must 只有一种形式,但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。He had to look after his sister yesterday.(3) 在否定结构中,dont have to 表示“不必” ,mustnt 表示“禁止”You dont have to tell him about it.You mustnt t

7、ell him about it.6. 表示推测的用法Can, could, may, might, must 都可表示推测,其用法如下:(1) 情态动词+动词原形表示对现在或将来的情况的推测,此时动词通常为系动词。I dont know where she is, she may be in Shenzhen.(2)情态动词+动词现在进行时表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.(3)情态动词+动词完成时表示对过去情况的推测We would have finished

8、 this work by the end of next December.The road is wet. It must have rained last night.(4) 情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。Your mother must have been looking for you.(5) 推测的否定形式,疑问形式用 cant, couldnt 表示Mike cant have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.【注意】could, might 表示推测时不表示时态,其推测的

9、程度不如can, may.7. should 和 ought to二者都为“应该”的意思,可用于各种人称。-Ought he to go?-Yes. I think he ought to.表示要求、命令时,语气由 should 应该, had better 最好,must 必须 渐强。8. had betterhad better 表示“最好” ,相当于一个助动词,它只有一种形式,它后面要跟动词原形。It is pretty cold. Youd better put on my coat.Youd better not play with the dirty dog.9. would ra

10、ther would rather 表示“宁愿” ,would ratherthan宁愿而不愿I would rather stay here than go home.= I would stay here rather than go home.10.will 和 would(1) would like; Would like to do = want to “想要” ,为固定搭配。Would you like to go with me?(2) Will you? Would you like? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时,疑问句中一般用 some,而不是 any。Would you li

11、ke some cake?(3) 否定结构中用 will, 一般不用 would, wont you 是一种委婉语气。Wont you sit down?11.情态动词的回答方式Need you? Yes, I must. / No, I neednt.Must you? I dont have to.12.带 to 的情态动词带 to 的情态动词有四个:ought to, have to, used to, be to, 它们的疑问,否定形式应予以注意。Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month?She didnt u

12、se to play tennis before she was fourteen.You ought not to have told her all about it.Ought he to see a doctor at once?Ought to 本身作为情态动词使用,其他的词作为实义动词使用,变疑问,否定时,须有 do 等助动词协助。13.比较 need 和 dare这两词既可做实义动词用,又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词,两者只能用于疑问句,否定句和条件句。Need 做实义动词时后面的不定式必须带 to,而 dare 做实义动词时,后面的 to 常可以省略。(1) 实义动词; nee

13、d 需要,要求need+n./ to do sth.(2) 情态动词:need,只用原形 need 后加 do, 否定形式为 need not.Need you go yet? 你还需要走吗?Yes, I must. / No, I neednt.(3) need 的被动含义:need,want, require, worth(adj.)后面接doing 也可以表示被动。Need doing = need to be done二、 例题讲解1.Shall we go skating or stay at home?- Which _ do?A.do you rather B.would you

14、 rather C.will you rather D.should you rather【析】would rather+do sth 意为“宁愿” ,本题为疑问句,would 提前,故选 B.2.Shall I tell John about it ?- No, you _. Ive told him already.A.neednt B.wouldnt C.mustnt D.shouldnt【析】neednt 表不必,不用,依题意,选 A.3.Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.- _.A. I dont. B. I wont

15、 C. I cant D. I havent【析】will 可作情态动词,也可作实义动词表“意愿,意志,决心” ,本题表示决心,故选 B.4. It _ be Helen. She has gone to Beijing.A.cant B.mustnt C.may D.should【析】cant 表示不可能,肯定不是,依题意选 A.三、 随堂练习1. Must I hand in the homework now?No, you _.A.mustnt B.cant C.neednt D.may not 2. You _ talk so loud in the library.A.neednt

16、B.mustnt C.cant D.not3. You must be here at six tomorrow morning.- Sorry. I _ be here so early.A.need B.may C.must D.cant4.Dont be late. You _ be there on time.A.must B.can C.may D.neednt5.- _ I use your dictionary?-Certainly, here you are.A.Must B,May C.Need D.Shall6.We _ hardly hear you. Please speak up a bit.A.can B.cant C.may not D.must7. You _ play football in the street. Its dangerous.A.can B.must C.neednt D.mustnt

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 实用文档 > 解决方案

本站链接:文库   一言   我酷   合作


客服QQ:2549714901微博号:道客多多官方知乎号:道客多多

经营许可证编号: 粤ICP备2021046453号世界地图

道客多多©版权所有2020-2025营业执照举报