1、湖 南 科 技 大 学毕 业 设 计（ 论 文 ）题目作者学院专业学号指导教师二 0 一三 年 月 日iOn the English Translation of Two-part Allegoric Sayings: From the Perspective of Functional Equivalence TheoryA Thesis Submitted to School of Foreign StudiesHunan University of Science and TechnologyIn Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements forTh
2、e Degree of Bachelor of ArtsByXie Xiang-pingUnder the Supervision ofLecturer Fang Xiao-qingJune, 2013ii湖南科技大学毕业设计（论文）任务书外国语 学院 应用英语 系（教研室）系（教研室）主任: （签名） 年 月 日学生姓名: 谢湘平 学号: 0912010108 专业: 英语 1 设计（论文）题目及专题： 从功能对等理论看歇后语的英译 2 学生设计（论文）时间：自 2012 年 12 月 5 日开始至 2013 年 6 月 10 日止3 设计（论文）所用资源和参考资料：1）Nida, E. A
3、. 1964. Toward a Science of TranslatingM. Leiden: Brill.2）Nida, E. A. 1984. On TranslationM. Beijing: China Translation Nida; functional equivalence theoryii中文摘要语言是文化的载体，习语又堪称是语言的精华，而汉语习语中的歇后语更是中国文化独有的表达方式，英语中没有与之完全相对应的表达法。因此，歇后语所传递的文化内涵在汉译英中便形成了交际空白。本文旨在以奈达功能对等理论为理论依据，探讨等效翻译理论在歇后语翻译实践中所具有的指导意义,揭示歇后
4、语的文化特色以及英汉语之间的文化差异，进而探讨歇后语的翻译方法。关键词：歇后语；奈达；功能对等理论iiiContentsAcknowledgments.iAbstract.ii中文摘要 .iiiIntroduction.1I. Introduction to Two-part Allegoric Sayings .21.1 Definition of Two-part Allegoric Sayings .21.2 Types of Two-part Allegoric Sayings .21.3 Characteristics of Two-part Allegoric Sayings .3
5、1.4 Functions of Two-part Allegoric Sayings .31.4.1 Communicative Function of Two-part Allegoric Sayings .41.4.2 Rhetoric Fuction of Two-part Allegoric Sayings .4 II. An Overview of Functional Equivalence.52.1 Definition of Functional Equivalence.52.2 Levels of Functional Equivalence.62.2.1 Lexical
6、Equivalence .62.2.2 Syntactic Equivalence .62.2.3 Contextual Equivalence and Cultural Equivalence.7III. Influential Factor and Methods of Two-part Allegoric Sayings Translation .83.1 Influence of Cultural Factor Upon Two-part Allegoric Sayings Translation. .83.2 Methods of Two-part Allegoric Sayings
7、 Translation.93.2.1 Literal Translation .103.2.2 Free Translation.113.2.3 Combination of Literal and Free Translation.113.2.4 Loan Translation.123.2.5 Annotation.13iv3.2.6 Partial Translation .143.2.7 Use of Allusions .14Conclusion.15Bibliography.16- 0 -Introduction“Two-part allegorical sayings, who
8、se second parts bear the main semantic weight, exhibits rich semantic and phonological operations, they are not unanalyzed fixed structures memorized by the users; instead, two-part allegorical sayings are conceptual in nature, exhibiting multiple semantic operations among metaphor, metonymy, and kn
9、owledge frame”(Lakoff & Johnson 2003: 58). As for the study of two-part Allegoric Sayings, although many efforts have been taken to explore it, there are still some different ideas about its classifications, translation methods and so on. In order to help the target language readers have a better un
10、derstanding about Chinese two-part allegotic sayings and Chinese culture. It is of great importance to introduce two-part allegotic sayings to foreign countries. So the ultimate purpose of this paper is to explore the translation methods of two-part allegotic sayings under Nidas functional equivalen
11、ce theory.Based on the previous researches, this paper tends to analyze the translation of two-part allegotic sayings with Functional Equivalence as a guiding theory. This thesis can be divided into three chapters as follows:Chapter One provides an introduction to two-part allegoric sayings, includi
12、ng its definition, classification, characteristics and functions. Chapter Two makes an overview of Functional Equivalence theory which consists of its definition and levels. Chapter Three starts with the influence of cultural factor upon two-part allegoric sayings translation. Then several methods o
13、f two-part allegotic sayings translation have been come up with. Such as Literal translation, free translation, the combination of literal and free translation and so on. - 1 -I. Introduction to Two-part Allegoric SayingsTwo-part allegotic sayings is a very special part of Chinese culture, and creat
14、ed by ancient people according to their rich life experiences. It is a kind of special humorous language form and a unique way to express the Chinese national culture. So it is widely used in peoples daily life and some traditional works, such as A Dream of Red Mansions. Two-part allegotic sayings h
15、as its own characteristics. Firstly, it consists of two parts in its form. Secondly, figures of speech such as simile and pun can be easily found in its content.1.1 Definition of Two-part Allegoric SayingsTwo-part allegotic sayings has been discussed since 1930s, but its definition still remains con
16、troversial in spite of numerous researches and definitions provided by Chinese scholars. Two-part allegotic sayings belongs to the common sayings(idioms), except that it has a particular structure of a riddle. Two-part allegotic sayings is similar to a phrase for it explains the meaning of a phrase
17、in two parts-the first part can be regarded as a simile or a statement describes a riddle, while the second part, sometimes unstated, carried a message as the answer to the riddle (The Contemporary Chinese Dictionary of Idioms). 1.2 Types of Two-part Allegoric SayingsThe discussions about the classi
18、fication have not come to an agreement till now. The representative and widely accepted ones are proposed by Ma Guofan and Gao Gedong, Sun Weizhang, and each of them wins many supporters.Ma Guofan and Gao Gedong said, “Two-part allegotic sayings can be divided into two types: metaphorical ones and h
19、omophonic ones according to whether the second part uses homophones or not”(1979:18). The former ones refer to those whose first parts are metaphors and second parts are explanations for the first parts. However, the latter ones are related to those whose second parts use homophones to express a sense of pun. As for the latter one, we can see that it is not all-sided because the second part of two-part allegotic sayings expressing puny sense with a homophone is not always right. On the one hand, for instance, “七十岁戴眼镜老花( 话) (a seventy-old person wears glasses presbyopia( an old saying)”(刘淑娟
