1、课时作业(五) 必修 Unit 5 Rhythm授课提示：对应学生用书第 249 页课时练(一) 阅读理解提速练 练速度(限时：35 分钟)阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019潍坊模拟 Theres only one way to celebrate the Year of the Dog and thats with your fourlegged friend. With our guide for pet owners in London, even
2、 if you lack a pet of your own, there are still plenty of places to live a pups life in the city. Do this Relax with a dog therapy (疗法) session in Chinatown. Youll meet some cute pups and put your mind at ease. Puppy Love: Dogs as Therapy.China Exchange, Leicester Square. Wed. Feb 21. 5. Run your fu
3、rry friend into shape with a joint workout at the Mile End Park dog training path. There are jumps of various heights and walk ramps.Clinton Rd，E3 4QY. Mile End tube.Buy this Fulfil all your collar, jacket, leads, treats and other doggy needs at pet shop Bow Wow London in Seven Dials.50a Earlham St,
4、 WC2H 9LA. Covent Garden tube. Get organic dog food that doesnt contain any artificial additives and looks good enough for human consumption at the UKs number one nice pet food store Lilys Kitchen in Hampstead. 32 Hampstead High St, NW3 1QD. Hampstead tube.Eat here Wolf down a ShackBurger with a van
5、illa shake at Shake Shack. Dogs are spoilt for choice with their very own menu of biscuits.Tottenham Court Rd, Victoria, Covent Garden, Canary Wharf, Leicester Square and Stratford locations. Have a slice of mouthwatering chocolate carrot cake and look through a “barkery” featuring pup cakes and dog
6、gy peanut butter biscuits thatll set both your tails wagging at Outsider Tart in Chiswick.83 Chiswick High Rd, W4 2EF. Turnham Green tube.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在英国与狗相关的一些去处及其特色，如：适合宠物狗锻炼的地方、给宠物狗挑选狗粮的地方等。【长难句分析】 Get organic dog food that doesnt contain any artificial additives and looks good enough for
7、human consumption at the UKs number one nice pet food store Lilys Kitchen in Hampstead.(Buy this 部分第二段第一句)分析：that 引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词 organic dog food。译文：在位于 Hampstead 的英国最好的宠物食品店 Lilys Kitchen 可以买到不含任何人工添加剂，并且看起来好到足以让人类食用的有机狗粮。【词汇积累】 workout n锻炼 ramp n斜坡organic adj.有机的 artificial additives 人工添加剂1Which t
8、ube station will you get off at for dog fitness exercises?ATurnham Green tube. BHampstead tube.C Mile End tube. DCovent Garden tube.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。由题干信息“fitness exercises”可定位到文章 Do this 部分第二段，该段介绍了锻炼的信息，与此相关的地址是在“Clinton Rd，E3 4QY. Mile End tube.”。故选 C。2Where can you buy healthy natural food for you
9、r dog?AAt Lilys Kitchen. B At Shake Shack.C At China Exchange. DAt Outsider Tart.答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。由 Buy this 部分第二段第一句 Get organic dog food that doesnt contain any artificial additives and looks good enough for human consumption at the UKs number one nice pet food store Lilys Kitchen in Hampstead. 可知，可
10、以在 Lilys Kitchen 买到健康的天然狗粮。故选 A。3What can you find at 83 Chiswick High Rd?AA dog therapy. BPeanut butter biscuits.C Dog jackets. DA ShackBurger.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据 Eat here 部分第二段中的“peanut butter biscuits”可知，在 83 Chiswick High Rd可以找到花生酱饼干。故选 B。B2019河北衡水中学模拟 If you are in a dilemma about being selftaugh
11、t or getting formal education, you have come to the right webpage. In this article, we note the advantages of each of these to help you decide which one would be the best for you.Perhaps the biggest advantage of being selftaught is that you are able to save a lot of money. With each passing year, th
12、e cost of getting a degree is on the rise. As a result, many students these days tend to graduate from college with a significant amount of debt. This makes it necessary for them to get a job as soon as possible, otherwise a number of serious issues may arise. Besides, it is possible to learn faster
13、 on your own, by focusing on only those areas that you are interested in. Finally, learning on your own can be a great confidence builder. You have to struggle to gain knowledge but once you clear the basics on your own, you will find yourself being much more confident about your abilities.One of th
14、e biggest advantages of formal education is that you get a degree which is a mark of recognition that you have achieved a level of knowledge in that particular field. Many companies tend to prefer candidates who have a college degree. Whats more, though formal education lacks the convenience and fle
15、xibility of selfeducation, it offers you much more in terms of the actual structure of the learning process. Last, being formally educated means that you will enter a college or other similar educational institutions. There you will get the benefit of being taught and guided by learned teachers and
16、other subject experts. This will be a big benefit as you will be able to take advantage of their experience and gain indepth knowledge about the subject.Thus, both formal education and selfeducation have their own sets of advantages. The choice between the two comes down to individual preferences as
17、 well as personal situations.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正式教育和自学各自的优势，以此来帮助读者选择合适的教育方式。【长难句分析】 One of the biggest advantages of formal education is that you get a degree which is a mark of recognition that you have achieved a level of knowledge in that particular field.(倒数第二段第一句)分析：本句是复合句。第一个 that 引导表语从句
18、； “which is a mark of recognition. in that particular field”是定语从句，修饰先行词 degree；“that you have achieved a level of knowledge in that particular field”是 that 引导的同位语从句，解释说明recognition 的具体内容。Paraphrase/英英释义：One of the biggest strengths of formal education is that you get a degree and it shows that you h
19、ave gained a good command of knowledge in that particular field.【词汇积累】 dilemma n两难境地，窘境 recognition n认可 particular adj .特定的，特别的 take advantage of 利用4Which of the following is an advantage of selfeducation?AA faster pace of learning.B Being guided by subject experts.C A wider range of ways to gain kn
20、owledge.DHaving more chances of getting parttime jobs.答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。由第二段倒数第三句Besides, it is possible to learn faster on your own, by focusing on only those areas that you are interested in.可知，自学的一个优势是可以学得更快。故选 A。5To get the benefit of being taught by learned experts, you should _.Achoose selfeducat
21、ionB enter an educational institutionC work for learned teachersDmake use of webpages about education答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。由第三段倒数第二、三句Last, being formally educated means that you will enter a college or other similar educational institutions. There you will get the benefit of being taught and guided by lea
22、rned teachers and other subject experts.可知，为了得益于有学问的专家的指导，你需要进入一所大学或其他类似的教育机构。故选 B。6What is the most important factor in choosing the way of education?AThe reputation of educational institutions.B The knowledge of teachers and experts.C The opinions of relatives and friends.DOnes preference and situ
23、ations.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。由最后一段中的 The choice between the two comes down to individual preferences as well as personal situations.可知，选择教育方式的最重要的因素就是个人的爱好和个人的状况。故选 D。7What is the authors purpose of writing this text?ATo promote a webpage about education.B To prove that selfeducation is the best choice.C T
24、o help readers choose between two forms of education.DTo prove that its difficult to decide on the proper education.答案与解析：C 考查写作意图。由第一段中的 In this article, we note the advantages of each of these to help you decide which one would be the best for you.以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了正式教育和自学各自的优势，以此来帮助读者选择合适自己的教育方式。故选
25、 C。C2019河南省高考适应性测试 The color of foods might affect just how much you want to eat them, but what about the birds in your neighborhood? Would they care what color their food is? Try this out for a science fair project, or just to learn something new while making your local birds happy.Begin this exper
26、iment with the question “What color of birdseed, if any, will birds prefer the most？” ， and then make a hypothesis (假设) based on your question. An example might be “Birds will eat more green birdseed than other colors”You should get several bird feeders. Purchase a birdseed that is very light in col
27、or. To color the bird seed, pour it into a bowl and then add food coloring that you can purchase from the store. Mix it up well with a spoon and continue to add color until all the seed is colored. You should sample at least a few colors and have one feeder with seed that has not been colored this i
28、s called the control and it will give you something to compare your results to. Now just hang them up outside in the same location, and wait for your feathered friends to show up. This works best in an area that birds are used to feeding from a feeder it can take birds over a week to find new feeder
29、s.Observe your bird feeders whenever possible, and keep track of how much seed is in each bird feeder each day. A ruler is helpful for this. You might also want to take pictures of the feeders and keep track of what kind of birds visit each feeder. Over time, you should be able to see if one color o
30、f seed gets eaten more than others.Once your experiment is done, you will be able to go back to your hypothesis and see if it is correct. Remember, its not bad if your hypothesis was wrong. The main thing is that youve learned something from your experiment, and hopefully you had some fun doing it.【
31、语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。食物的颜色会影响人类的食欲，那鸟类是否也对食物的颜色有所选择呢？作者做了一个实验来证明自己的观点，并给出了实验的具体步骤及其关键点。【长难句分析】 Once your experiment is done, you will be able to go back to your hypothesis and see if it is correct.(最后一段第一句)分析：Once 引导条件状语从句； if 引导宾语从句。译文：一旦做完你的实验，你就可以返回到你原先的假设上，来判断假设是否正确。【词汇积累】 purchase v购买 sample v取样，尝试，抽
32、样，检查 observe v观察8Whats the purpose for this experiment?ATo make local birds happy.B To see what color birds like most.C To see if color of foods affects birds.DTo find how local birds feed themselves.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。通读第一、二段内容可知，该实验的目的是查明鸟类是否会依据颜色选择食物。故选 C。9What is the most important about the birdfee
33、ders?AThey are filled with some water.B They are placed in secret places.C They are painted in different colors.DThey are all the same size and type.答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第三、四段内容可知，鸟食被染上不同的颜色并被放在不同的鸟槽中，同时也可以用格尺来衡量槽中食物的变化，以此判断颜色对鸟的影响；由此可推断出，这些鸟槽的颜色和形状应该都是一样的。故选D。10Whats the second step for this experiment
34、?AObserving birdfeeders. BRaising a question.C Collecting all the data. DMaking a hypothesis.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Begin this experiment with the question. and then make a hypothesis (假设) based on your question”可知，该实验的第二步是做出假设。故选 D。11How does the author prove his view?ABy giving examples.B By doing
35、 experiments.C By doing questionnaire survey.DBy searching for references.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的“Begin this experiment with the question”和最后一段第一句中的“Once your experiment is done, you will be able to.”可知，作者是通过做实验来证明他的观点的。故选 B。D2019辽宁五校联考 A study has shown that nearly 90 percent of traffic accidents
36、 are caused by human errors. So our aim is a fully autonomous car that gets rid of the cause of most accidents: the driver. Researcher Hodgson points out, “For safety, the faster you can remove humans, the better, even if there are unfortunately a few accidents from new causes. Its a question of bal
37、ancing the number injured or killed by autonomous vehicles with the people whose lives are potentially saved.”Its an idea that Elon Musk, CEO of electric car company Tesla Motors, has long believed. His company is determined to be the first to deliver a fully autonomous vehicle to consumers. Last ye
38、ar, Musk announced that Teslas 2017 goal was “to do an example drive of full autonomy all the way from LA to New York. and have the car park itself”However, even Tesla admits that there are problems to overcome the software needs further validation and the appropriate regulatory approval needs to be
39、 in place. Indeed, recent crashes of Tesla vehicles and Google cars confirm that the software isnt ready yet.The UK government appears committed to encouraging the development of autonomous vehicles. Its supporting four city trials, publishing the Modern Transport Bill to reduce red tape around thei
40、r introduction and adapting the legal system to take into account problems such as insurance liability when a human isnt in control of a vehicle.The insurance industry is similarly eager to help increase autonomy in cars. As the Association of British Insurers (ABI) points out, “More than 90 percent
41、 of road accidents are caused by human errors.” This costs motor insurers a shocking 20m per day in claims.【语篇解读】 这篇文章介绍了一种无人驾驶汽车。由于交通事故主要是由驾驶员的失误引发的，这种无人驾驶汽车在某种程度上可以解决交通事故问题。这种想法虽然还需进一步完善，但已经得到了英国政府及保险公司的支持。【长难句分析】 Its supporting four city trials, publishing the Modern Transport Bill to reduce red
42、tape around their introduction and adapting the legal system to take into account problems such as insurance liability when a human isnt in control of a vehicle.分析：连词 when 引导了一个时间状语从句。句子的主干是Its supporting four city trials，后面接了两个现在分词短语publishing. introduction 和 adapting. vehicle 作伴随状语。译文：(英国政府 )正在支持
43、(无人驾驶汽车) 在四个城市的试点运行，( 英国政府)出版了现代交通法案来减少在引进它的过程中的一些繁琐的程序，调整了法律体系以把当人不能控制车辆时的保险责任等问题考虑在内。12What difficulty does the company Tesla Motors have?ANew inventions may cause more injuries and deaths.B The company lacks confidence to make new creations.C The software should be made officially acceptable.DThe
44、 traffic regulation has proved unreasonable.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。题干中的关键词是difficulty，据此定位到第三段的第一句“However, even Tesla admits that there are problems to overcome the software needs further validation and the appropriate regulatory approval needs to be in place”由此可知，特斯拉公司还需要解决的问题是相关软件需要进一步的验证以及监管机构的批准。13What
45、 is the UK governments attitude to autonomous cars?AAmbiguous. BPositive.C Cautious. DDisapproving.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。题干中的关键词是 the UK government，据此定位到第四段第一句“The UK government appears committed to encouraging the development of autonomous vehicles”即英国政府似乎是在鼓励无人驾驶汽车的研发。由此可知，英国政府的态度是支持的，所以答案是 B。14What is t
46、he main idea of the last paragraph?AInsurance companies would like to support autonomous cars.B Human mistakes may be the key cause of traffic accidents.C Traffic accidents cost insurance companies quite a lot.DMotorists are surprised to hear about autonomous cars.答案与解析：A 考查段落大意。段落主题通常会出现在段首，由最后一段的首
47、句“The insurance industry is similarly eager to help increase autonomy in cars”可知，保险公司同样渴望去帮助提高汽车的自动性能。15What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo show his deep love for autonomous cars.B To introduce a new development in technology.C To amuse readers with funny examples.DTo provide a persu
48、asive argument against autonomy.答案与解析：B 考查作者意图。本文重点介绍了一项新技术研发无人驾驶汽车，并介绍了尚待解决的相关问题，以及英国政府、保险公司对此项新技术的态度。第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019济宁一模 The ability to stay positive is one of the most important skills for us. Why is this? The reason is that we will spend
49、most of our lives setting and trying to achieve goals. Everyone has dreams. Everyone wants to know deep down inside that they were put here to do something great. _1_ The second you set a goal, obstacles will begin to appear to stand in your way. Most people let these challenges rob them from the life they really want.If you want to achieve greatness, if you want to experience the best life possible, then be
