1、课时作业(六) 必修 Unit 6 Design课时练(一) 阅读理解提速练 练速度(限时：35 分钟)阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019河南省高考适应性测试The Manitoba MuseumSet sail on thrilling voyage of excitement and discovery at the Manitoba Museum. Only here can you travel through time to the excit
2、ing 20s, explore a 17th century ship, and view treasures from around the world.Fun for the BrainWho says science cant be fun? Designed to educate, entertain, and inspire, the museums travelling exhibits cover a wide range of subjects, including old warships replicating (复制，仿制), modern organic farmin
3、g and so on. In our Science Gallery, you can make your own movie, design a racecar, and experience what its like to be an astronaut on our microgravity trainer.Expand Your HorizonsThe Manitoba Museum is one of only five major planetariums (天文馆 ) in the country. You can see an amazingly realistic nig
4、ht sky containing more than 9,000 stars, the Milky Way, the sun, the moon and planets, which is created by 154 projectors (投影仪) ProgramsThe museum is a base of Manitobas education system. Each year, nearly 90,000 school children come for curriculumbased guided and selfguided programs. Thousands more
5、 visit the museum with their families and the special event programs offered during the holidays. Hours of interactive entertainment for all ages and new exhibits are being added soon. Visit www. manitobamuseum. ca and find more information.Visiting timeMonday Friday: 10：00 AM 4：00 PMSaturday, Sunda
6、y & Holidays: 10：00 AM 5：00 PM【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了 Manitoba 博物馆的特色项目及其功能，并给出了博物馆的开放时间。1What can the visitors do in the Manitoba Museum?AReplicate ancient carts.B Be trained as an astronaut.C Direct their short music plays.DView the manmade night sky.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“You can see an amazingly re
7、alistic night sky containing more than 9,000 stars, the Milky Way, the sun, the moon and planets, which is created by 154 projectors (投影仪) ”可知，你可以在该博物馆看到令人惊叹不已的逼真的含有 9 000 多颗星星的夜空，这些都是通过 154 个投影仪创造出来的效果。故选 D。2What is the purpose of “Programs”？ATo attract more visitors to come.B To advertise some hol
8、iday exhibits.C To encourage students to do science research.DTo explain the education system of Manitoba.答案与解析：A 考查目的意图。通读最后一段内容可知，该段主要介绍了 Manitoba 博物馆的各种项目，目的是吸引更多的游客前来参观。故选 A。3How does the writer recommend “The Manitoba Museum” to readers?ABy giving details of its location.B By introducing some o
9、f its contents.C By telling stories at the beginning.DBy comparing it with other museums.答案与解析：B 考查写作手法。通读全文可判断出，作者是通过介绍博物馆的特色内容来向读者推荐该博物馆的。故选B。B2019泰安复习质量检测 If youve ever had to chop an onion, you probably know that its one of the most annoying cooking experiences. It just fills your eyes with tear
10、s. Scientists and farmers have been working on a solution to this problem for decades, and theyve apparently come up with a tearless onion.Called the “Sunion”， this new vegetable is the result of a natural crossbreeding program thats been going on farms in Nevada and Washington since the 1980s. Its
11、supposedly a sweet, mildtasting onion that doesnt leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesnt cause teary eyes when its chopped.When you cut into a normal onion, it releases a compound called lachrymatoryfactor synthase, and
12、when that hits your eyes, your body produces tears. Now, the interesting thing about regular onions is that the amounts of lachrymatoryfactor synthase increase the longer the vegetables are stored, so the older they are, the more you cry. In Sunions, on the other hand, the levels of that annoying co
13、mpound drop the more time goes by, until it no longer has any effect on your eyes when you cut it.Thats what Sunion growers are claiming anyway, but reports from those lucky enough to have tried them seem to confirm these claims. The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions, and
14、apparently, none of them shed a single tear. According to the Washington Post, they dont have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them “like popcorn”So the good news is that tearless onions are now a real thing. The bad news is that they are currently only grown in Washi
15、ngton and Nevada, and even though they are sold nationwide, they are still in relatively short supply. The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December, but well probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years, as more people learn about
16、them.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。在切洋葱的时候，它散发出的辛辣的刺鼻味会导致人流泪。最近科学家们培育出了一种名叫 Sunion 的洋葱，让人感到惊奇的是，它不会导致人流泪。【长难句分析】 When you cut into a normal onion, it releases a compound called lachrymatoryfactor synthase, and when that hits your eyes, your body produces tears. (第三段第一句)分析：本句为复合句。When you cut into a normal onion 中
17、的 When 引导的是时间状语从句；called lachrymatoryfactor synthase 是定语，修饰 compound；when that hits your eyes 中的when 引导的是时间状语从句。Paraphrase/英英释义：In the process of chopping a normal onion, it lets out a compound called lachrymatoryfactor synthase, which can cause you to tear if it hits your eyes.【词汇积累】 chop v切 annoyi
18、ng adj.恼人的，讨厌的 supposedly adv.大概，推测地 confirm v证实4What is special about the Sunion?AIts easily chopped.B Its sweet and tastes strong.C Its tearless and mild.DIts grown nationwide in the USA.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。由第二段第二句“Its supposedly a sweet, mildtasting onion that doesnt leave that strong, pungent afterta
19、ste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesnt cause teary eyes when its chopped.” 可知，Sunion 这种洋葱味淡且不会使人流泪。故正确答案为 C。5How does the author introduce the Sunion in Paragraph 3?ABy comparison.B By telling a story.C By giving examples.DBy asking questions.答案与解析：A 考查写
20、作手法。该题问的是在第三段中，作者是如何介绍 Sunion 这种洋葱的。根据第三段内容可知，作者先介绍了为什么普通的洋葱会使人流泪，然后介绍了 Sunion这种洋葱为什么不会使人流泪。由此可判断出，作者主要通过对比来介绍 Sunion 这种洋葱。故正确答案为 A。6What does the underlined word “pungency” in Paragraph 4 mean?ARound shape. BStrong smell.C Special character. DMedical function.答案与解析：B 考查词义猜测。该题问的是第四段的画线词“pungency ”是
21、什么含义。根据第四段最后两句“The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions, and apparently, none of them shed a single tear. According to the Washington Post, they dont have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them like popcorn ”可知，赫芬顿邮报的那三名记者在切 Sunion 这种洋葱时都没有流泪。由此
22、可推断出， 华盛顿邮报报道的是 Sunion 这种洋葱没有普通洋葱那种辛辣的刺鼻味，它们尝起来有些甜甜的，就像爆米花一样。因此，pungency 指的是“辛辣的刺鼻味” 。故正确答案为 B。7What can we conclude from the last paragraph?AThe Sunion has been largely on the market.B The Sunion is still on trial at present.C The Sunion will soon be grown worldwide.DThe author is confident about t
23、he future of the Sunion.答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。该题问的是从最后一段我们可以得出什么结论。根据最后一段可知，虽然目前 Sunion这种洋葱的种植面积不大、总产量不是很高，它们的供应不是很充足，但是作者相信过不了几年人们就可以在大多数超市里买到。由此可推断出，作者对 Sunion 这种洋葱的未来充满信心。故正确答案为 D。C2019重庆调研 New rules from the China National Tourism Administration prohibit guides from steering (操纵) their clients to illeg
24、al or immoral activities, such as gambling or drugs.Guides are also prohibited from forcing clients to shop at businesses during a tour, or charging extra money against a clients wishes, through intimidation, restricting a persons freedom or using physical force. Those who violate the rules will hav
25、e their licenses revoked (吊销), and income generated through such misbehavior will be confiscated (没收). In addition, violators will be fined between 2,000 and 20,000 yuan (about $ 300 to $3,000)The administration said the quality of tour guides and the services they provide are key to the way the ind
26、ustry is perceived in China and abroad. Through the rules, which will take effect on Jan. 1, the administration hopes to ensure healthy development of the domestic tourism market.Mr. Wang, a professor of tourism administration at Beijing International Studies University, said the new rules act as a
27、supplement to the existing tourism law. “They elaborate tour guides responsibilities and will be very helpful for the national tourism administration in strengthening its governance of this group of professionals， ” Wang said.The 2001 regulations listed some prohibited behaviors, and guides who were
28、 found in violation would have points taken away from their annual scores. In 2015 and 2016, many media reports appeared about misbehaved tour guides at popular destinations. Guide services start with 10 points each year. Points are required to maintain a license, so if all 10 points are lost, the g
29、uide service is shut down.The new rules describe situations beyond what were in the 2001 regulations, and cover circumstances in which a tour guide would be in violation and punishments are laid out in detail, noting that some of the examples reflect situations that have been reported domestically i
30、n recent years. Forced shopping, verbal abuse at clients and even abandoning clients halfway through a tour were among the misdeeds.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了新颁布的有关导游行为的规章制度。【长难句分析】 The new rules describe situations beyond what were in the 2001 regulations, and cover circumstances in which a tour guide wo
31、uld be in violation and punishments are laid out in detail, noting that some of the examples reflect situations that have been reported domestically in recent years.分析：这是一个复合句。第一个 and 连接并列的谓语动词；what 引导宾语从句，作 beyond 的宾语； in which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 circumstances；noting 作伴随状语；第二个 that 引导定语从句，修饰 situations。译
32、文：新的规章制度所描述的情形超过了 2001 年的规章制度( 所描述的情形) ，并且把导游违反规章制度的情形和相应的处罚也详细地进行了说明，同时也提到有些情形反映了近几年国内( 媒体 )报道的问题。 8Where does the passage probably come from?AA newspaper.B A tour guides diary.C The 2001 regulations.DChina National Tourism Administration.答案与解析：A 考查文章出处。文章介绍了有关导游的新的规章制度，起告知人们的作用。故该文应出现在报纸上，故选 A 项。9
33、What does the underlined word “They” in the fourth paragraph refer to?AThe tourists.B The new rules.C The tour guides.DThe 2001 regulations.答案与解析：B 考查代词指代。根据画线词前一句中的“the new rules act as a supplement to the existing tourism law”和代词 They 代替前面复数名词的作用可知，B 项正确。本句表示“新的规章制度详述了导游的责任，将十分益于加强国家旅游局对这个导游群体的管理”
34、 。10Which of the following statements about the new rules is true?AThey will replace the 2001 regulations.B They are replacements for the existing tourism law.C They cover more detailed description as a supplement.DThey will act as new tourism standards replacing the old ones.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据文中第四段中
35、的“the new rules act as a supplement to the existing tourism law”和第六段中的“cover circumstances in which a tour guide would be in violation and punishments are laid out in detail”可知，新的规章制度作为对现行旅游法的补充，含有更详尽的描述，故选 C项。11From the passage, we can infer that _.Athere will be more misbehaved tour guidesB many t
36、ravel agencies will go out of businessC more misdeeds will appear at popular destinationsDthe domestic tourism market will be more normal答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据全文内容可知，本文介绍了有关导游的新的规章制度，它是针对近几年旅游市场中的混乱现象制定的，其对导游的违反情形和相应的处罚措施描述得更加详细，再结合第三段中的“the administration hopes to ensure healthy development of the domes
37、tic tourism market”可推知，国内的旅游市场将更加规范。故选 D 项。D2019潍坊模拟 The Moth Caf deserves praise on at least two fronts for offering vegan (素食主义者 ) food that is both interesting and delicious, and for livening_up a section of east Jasper Avenue in desperate need of help.The first accomplishment is no surprise. The
38、 familyowned new restaurant brings a new, all plantbased menu (without dairy or egg), but with the same focus on tasty, inventive food. Its brave location, next to what was once the Chinatown Mall but is now abandoned, gives further hope that this neighborhood is finally coming back to life. A new L
39、RT station is under construction to the west.The shopping mall that is home to The Moth has become a tiny oasis (绿洲) among these blocksintransition. On a recent Saturday night, only a month after opening, The Moth is doing a solid business with a mostly under30 crowd. Inside, the room is bright and
40、airy, with high ceilings, exposed brick, light wood and touches of greenery.The food menu isnt huge, covering a selection of small bites, allday breakfast, soups and mains. What is huge is the drinks menu. There are coffees and tea available. While there are plans to include beer and wine in the fut
41、ure, the present bar is limited to a variety of ginandtonics. Theres also a nonalcoholic bar offering trendy tea in flavors.In fact, I was impressed with the whole experience at The Moth, though I have yet to figure out the name. Is it an extraordinary superhero thing? A moth (飞蛾)toflame similarity?
42、 But then wouldnt the caf be called The Flame, not The Moth? No matter, the family behind the new restaurant continues to do its own unique and special thing in an underserved part of the city, and for that, it deserves support.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要从食物、位置、环境等方面介绍了 The Moth Caf 餐厅。【长难句分析】 Its brave loca
43、tion, next to what was once the Chinatown Mall but is now abandoned, gives further hope that this neighborhood is finally coming back to life. (第二段第三句)分析：本句是一个复合句。what 引导宾语从句； that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 hope。译文：旁边曾是唐人街购物中心，但现已被废弃了，这一独特的地理位置给这片街区带来了恢复生机的更大希望。【词汇积累】 praise n赞扬，表扬 abandon v遗弃，抛弃，弃用 selection n可
44、供选择的事物 available adj.提供的，可获得的12What does the underlined phrase “livening up” in Paragraph 1 mean?ASetting up.B Keeping up.C Giving life to.DMaking a living for.答案与解析：C 考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“a section of east Jasper Avenue in desperate need of help”及第三段内容可知，Jasper Avenue 之前并不热闹，亟须帮助，是 The Moth Caf 为它带来了生机；由
45、此可推断出，liven up 的意思是“为带来生机” 。故选 C。13What can we learn from the menus?AMilk and eggs are served all day.B The menu focuses on traditional food.C Alcoholic drinks are limited at present.DCoffees are not included in the drinks menu.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。由第四段中的“While there are plans to include beer and wine in
46、the future, the present bar is limited to a variety of ginandtonics.”可知，该餐厅目前供应的酒很少。故选 C。14Whats the authors attitude towards The Moth Caf？AAppreciative. B Tolerant.C Cautious. DUninterested.答案与解析：A 考查观点态度。由第一段中的“deserves praise”和最后一段第一句中的“I was impressed with the whole experience at The Moth”可知，作者很
47、欣赏这个餐厅。故选 A。15Whats the purpose of writing the text?ATo promote an eating style.B To advocate a vegan diet.C To recover a declining business.DTo introduce a new restaurant.答案与解析：D 考查写作意图。该题问的是作者写这篇文章的目的是什么。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了 The Moth Caf 的相关信息。故选 D。第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选
48、项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019河南省高考适应性测试Travel Abroad Dos and DontsPlanning a trip abroad with family or friends this summer break? Here are a few travel tips to keep you safe. 1.If you want to make your trip safe and easy, plan ahead. _1_ The less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move. Beside
49、s, planning ahead will save your time and make sure you dont miss the best things.2._2_No one wants bad things to happen but youll feel better when youre ready for them if they do. When you travel abroad, you are in a place you dont know well and you can always be a target, especially your valuables. Dont keep large amounts of cash in your wallet. _3_ Also, take copies of
