1、Rhetoric,英语中的修辞,Simile 明喻,用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等词指出两个截然不同的事物之间相似之处的办法叫明喻. 1 the wind sounded like the soar of a train passing a few yards away.(face to face with hurricane camille) 2.the old mans hair is as white as snow 3.that man cant be trusted. He is as slippery
2、 as an eel.,Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻,用一个词来指代与该词本来所指事物有相似特点的另一个事物的方法叫隐喻。 1.we can batter down and ride it out.(face to face with hurricane camille) 2 wind and rain now whipped the house.(face to face with hurricane camille),Metonymy 借喻,转喻,用某一事物的名称代替与之密切相关的另一事物名称的写法叫借喻。如：the bottle 代替wine。 1 his purse would not
3、 allow him that luxury. 2 when the war was over,he laid down the sword and took up the pen. 3 sword and cross in hand,the Europeans fell upon the Americans.,Synecdoche 提喻,用部分代替整体,或用整体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 1 the farms were short of hands during the harvest season. 2 he had to earn his daily bread by doing od
4、d jobs. 3 the poor creature could no longer endure her sufferings.,Personification 拟人,把事物或概念当作人或具备人的品质的写法叫拟人。1 dusk came stealthily. 2 thunder roared and a pouring rain starting. 3 this time fate was smiling to him.,Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法,用温和或模糊的说法替换难听或生硬的说法的写法。 old people senior citizens mad emotionally
5、disturbed dustman sanitation worker,头韵法（alliteration）,两个或更多的词以相同的辅音字母开始，便构成头韵 blind as a bat proud as a peacock,transferred Epithet 移就,把修饰语从它本应修饰的名词移到与该名词有关的词之前的写法叫移就。 1 in his quiet laziness he suddenly remembered that strange word. 2 the old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder.,Irony 反语,指与真正的
6、意思恰好相反的词，用它的目的在于产生特殊的效果。1 what fine weather for an outing!,Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶,把意义相反或相对的语言单位排列在平行、对称的结构里，以求一种匀称的形式和强烈的对照感。 1.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.2.You are staying; I am going.3.Give me liberty, or give me death.,拟声onomatopoeia,指模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响的词。 1 winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.,thank you,
