1、The Age Of Modernism From team 10TimeThe modernism period in America literature lasted from 1914 to 1945 with the first world war as a starting point and the second world war ending point.Surely, it also experienced the 1930s economic depression. 美国现代主义时期以一战为起点，经 历了大萧条一直延续到二战。Background 1. Economy 2
2、. The World War I 3. Cultural BackgroundEconomyAfter the first world war, there was a booming industry and material prosperity. However,the outbrust of the finacial crisis was a great disaster.The whole capitalist countrues was struck by catastrophy.第一次世界大战后，美国的工业快速发展，经济繁 荣。但是1929年爆发的经济危机却给予美国以及整个资
3、本主义世界的经济以重创。The World War IAs a result of the First World War,Social breakdown and individual powerlessness and hopelessness became part of the American experience.There was a decline in moral standard and this period was best described as a spiritual wasteland. There was the loss of faith. People l
4、ived a purposeless and chaotic life.一战后，社会崩溃，人们感到绝望和无力，道德底线 下降。这一时期是美国精神的荒原，人们失去了信仰， 过着无意义的混沌的生活。Cultural BackgroundA list of philosophical theories were widely spread in American.Marxism 马克思理论Freuds psychoanalysis弗洛伊德的心理分析William Jamess stream of consciousness theory 威廉詹姆斯的意识流学说Archetypal symbol荣格的
5、原型象征理论Cultural InfluenceThose theories had great pact on the writers of American modernism period. They pay special attention to the inner world of people.During this period the most compelling literature movement is the writers self exile,also known as “the second American Renaissance”.这些理论对美国现代主义作
6、家的文学创作产 生了巨大影响。他们特别注重对人们的内心世界的挖 掘。这一时期最引人注目的文学运动就是作家的自我流 放，也称“第二次美国文艺复兴”。Characteristics 1. Contradictory 矛盾性 2. Arrangement 排列性 3. Optional 随意性 4. No continuity 不连贯性 5. Extreme stretch of metaphor 比喻的极度引伸 6. The combination of fiction and fact 虚构与事实的结合 7. Absurd 荒诞的Poetry Ezra Pound 埃兹拉庞德 Robert Fr
7、ost 罗伯特弗罗斯特 Wallace Stevens 华莱士史蒂文斯Ezra Pound 埃兹拉庞德 (1885 1972) The father of modern American poetry The father of Imagist poetry 美国现代诗歌创始人 意象派诗歌之父 The Cantos 诗章 In a Station of the Metro 地铁站里Robert Frost 罗伯特弗罗斯特（1874-1963） Fire and Ice 火与冰 The Road Not taken 未选择的道路 North of Boston 波士顿之北Wallace Stev
8、ens 华莱士史蒂文斯（1879-1955） Harmonium 风琴 The Man With the Blue Guitar 弹蓝吉他的人 Sunday Morning 星期天早晨Novel Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald 弗朗西斯斯科特基菲茨杰拉德 Ernest Hemingway 欧内斯特海明威 William Faulkner 威廉福克纳Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald 弗朗西斯斯科特基菲茨杰拉德 The Great Gatsby 了不起的盖茨比 The Side of Paradise 人间天堂 Tender is the Nigh
9、t 夜色温柔William Faulkner 威廉福克纳(18971962) The Sound and the Fury 愤怒与喧嚣 As I Lay Dying 我弥留之际 Go Down Moses 去吧，摩西Ernest Hemingway 欧内斯特海明威(1899 1961) The representative of the lost generation Pulitzer Prize Noble Prize The Old Man and the Sea 老人与海 For Whom the Bell Tolls 丧钟为谁而鸣 The Sun Also Rises 太阳照常升起Ab
10、out Hemingway And His WorksBecause most of his works take the war as background, describe the pains and hurt the war brings to human being,and reflect a younger generations aimlessness and loss of the beliefs after the World War I,these works immediately won the responses from many people who survived the war physically but were afterwards spiritually and morally adrift.Then,Hemingway became the spokesman for what was called “The Lost Generation”. 因为海明威的作品大多以一战为背景 ，描述的是战争给人类带来的痛苦和伤害 ，反映了第一次世界大战后年轻一代的盲 目性和信仰的丧失，因此很快赢得了战争 中精神世界和道德世界坍塌的幸存者们的 反响。他成为了“迷惘的一代”的代表人 物。
