1、Comment H1: 页眉：左：Team # 2457（队号）右：Page 当前页数 of 总页数无页脚Comment H2: 论文标题 Times New Roman 小二 加粗Comment H3: 摘要 一级标题 四号 Times New Roman 加粗Comment H4: 小四 Times New Roman 加粗Team # 2457 page 1 of 8Tittle of paperSummary/AbstractKey words:Comment H5: 一级标题 同上Comment H6: 正文 五号 Times New RomanTeam # 2457 page 1
2、of 8I. Introduction（引言）Organ transplantation is a preferable treatment for the most serious forms of end-stage diseases. In recent years, advances in medical science and technology have made solid organ transplantation an increasingly successful and common medical procedure, a literal second chance
3、at life“. Not only does it offer the best hope for complete rehabilitation, but it has also proved to be the most cost-effective of all treatment options, including dialysis. Consequently, more and more people are benefiting from organ transplants and their survival rates are steadily improving. The
4、 surgical techniques involved have been mastered for half a century and are now considered as routine. The two main sources of kidneys for transplantation are deceased-donor kidneys and live-donations from family and friends. However, unfortunately, there is a considerable shortage of donor organs,
5、compared to demands. As a matter of fact, efficient matching and allocation of organs donated has become an exigent problem.The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), as the operator of the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN), is responsible for transplant organ distribution in th
6、e United States. UNOS oversees the allocation of many different types of transplants, including liver, kidney, pancreas, heart, lung, and cornea. Focusing on kidney transplantation, based on UNOS Kidney Allocation Model, we develop a mathematical model for US transplant networks. First, incoming org
7、ans are matched with waiting candidates by medical institutions considering the factors as ABO blood compatibility, the degree of recipient major HLA mismatch in order to obtain a matching degree applied on the allocation part. After that, from the patients perspective, on the basis of linear regres
8、sion, priority weight is defined by pondering age, disease severity, time on waiting, PRA level, and region. Applying this mechanism of ranking, we realize MWBM (Maximum Weight Bipartite-graph Matching) and SMGS (Stable Matching based on Gale-Shapley algorithm). MWBM focuses on the optimal assignmen
9、t of donors following the algorithm of bipartite-graph maximum weight matching; SMGS emphasizes the process of exchanges in order to obtain the stable exchanges between donors and candidates on the waiting list.Comment H7: 一级标题 同上Comment H8: 一级标题 同上模型假设Comment H9: 分点用 不用序号符号定义Comment H10: 分点用 不用序号Co
10、mment H11: 一级标题模型正文Team # 2457 page 2 of 8II. The Description of Problem（问题重述)III.Basic Assumptions The level of mismatch is only relative to the number of antigens. The data and information are accurately registered according to the medical measures The data and information are refreshed in time ac
11、cording to the status of the patients No differences in the quality of the donor kidneys The quality of the donor kidney is constant IV.Definitions and Notations Kidney transplantation: A kidney transplant is a surgical procedure to implant a healthy kidney into a patient with kidney failure. Priori
12、tization MD: Matching Degree PW: Prioritization weight MWSM: Maximum Weight Bipartite Matching SMGS: Stable Matching based on Gale-Shapley algorithm或Notation DefinitionTtemperaturettimeV. ModelsThrough the investigation of US transplantation network, we draw a general picture of the mechanism. With
13、reference to some resources available on the website of UNOS, a flow chart (Figure 1) is developed showing the procedure of the network.Currently, the initial waiting list is composed of patients who are waiting for a kidney or combined kidney-pancreas transplant. For the first time, the patients ar
14、e requested to show the Comment H12: 图片下标: Figure 1.(加粗) （图片名不需加粗）Team # 2457 page 3 of 8correct and scientific information to the US kidney transplant network which is needed for donor-recipient matching, the ranking of patients on the waiting list, and determining the outcome of those transplanted
15、. The patients waiting lists are composed of initial patients, historical patients and unsuccessful recipient after transplantation. Historical patients refer to registered patients whose status have changed and have an influence on the procedure. A patient is taken off the waiting list when a graft
16、 is offered and accepted by that patient or the patient is dead while waiting for a transplant. Unsuccessful recipients refer to the patients who have a bad result of transplantation calling for transplantation again, as it is so-called relistO u r M a i n T a s kI n i t i a l W a i t i n g L i s tP
17、 a t i e n t S t r e a mP a t i e n t s W a i t i n g L i s t sO f f e r / A c c e p t a n c eP r o c e s sDonorStream( 1 ) O p t i m a l A s s i g n m e n t( 2 ) S t a b l e E x c h a n g eP a t i e n tS t a t u sC h a n g eA l l o c a t i o nP o l i c i e sT w o S t e p sP r e T x D e a t h sD e a
18、 t h s & R e m o v a l sR e l i s tY e sS u r v i v a b i l i t yM e a s u r e sN oO t h e rO u t p u tV a r i a b l e sFigure 1. A schematic depicting the steps occurring in the transplantation networksComment H13: 表名：Table 1.（加粗）（表名不需加粗）Comment H14: 二级标题 小四 加粗 Times New RomanComment H15: 分点列出，用 不用
19、序号Comment H16: 一级标题 同上Team # 2457 page 4 of 8Table 1.Survival rate involving HLA mismatchSurvival rate(%) by donor typeLevel of HLA mismatch ECD Non-ECD Living0 60% 74% 87%1 53% 71% 80%2 57% 71% 80%3 52% 70% 79%4 52% 69% 79%5 50% 66% 81%6 47% 65% 79%VI.Conclusions.Our model for the optimal allocatio
20、n of the donor organs is established by three modules, procurement of MD and PW, optimal assignment by MWBM model and Stable Matching of Gale-Shapley algorithm. The model has offered a convincing procedure of the allocation with the VII. Strengths and weaknesses(模型优缺点)Strengths WeaknessesVIII. Refer
21、ences注意文献的积累，不要等到文章写完再去重新寻找文献。Comment H17: 期刊名 斜体，不需加J，其他类似Comment H18: 年份 加括号Comment H19: 一级标题，同上 附录 另起一页 不需加入程序Team # 2457 page 5 of 81 name(s) of author(s), title of the paper, (abbreviated) title of the journal (in italics斜体), number of volume (in boldface), year of publication (in parentheses),
22、 numbers of the first and last pages.2 name(s) of author(s), title of the book (in italics), publishing house, city of publication, year of publication.3 name(s) of author(s), title of the paper, in: title of the book(in italics), publishing house, city of publication, year of publication, numbers o
23、f the first and last pages of the paper.如：1 Gengbao Xu, Lianzhi Zeng. Chinese Simulation Technology Scaling Bravely Worlds Heights in Science and Technology, Journal of the Computer Simulation. 21(4), (2004), 05-09.2 Li Wu.The Modern Design Methods and Innovation of Mechanical Products, Science and
24、Technology Innovation Herald. 33, (2008).IX.Appendix（附录）美赛经验Team # 2457 page 6 of 81. 注意英文符号的使用；2. 注意建模专业用语的使用；3. 平时要记得多积累常用的写作语句、段；4. 一般不要目录；5. 写作时最好是直接用英文写，逼不得已时用中文写后翻译，用中文写时注意用比较口语化的语句描述，这样比较好翻译；6. 在平时培训时，至少要写两篇完整的英文论文，让指导老师好好地修改，包括一些常用写作表达、格式等，这样比赛时才会比较从容；7. 一定要按时按要求提交论文（电子档一份直发送至美国，交一份电子档，一份纸质档
25、给学校负责老师，再统一邮寄） ，但千万别慌张，每个队伍仅限发送一次，注意发送时邮件主题的书写；8. 电子档不需在前面加控制页，纸质档需在论文前加控制页；9. 所有文件一律不允许出现名字，能显示你身份的只有页眉的队号，所以页眉要早早设好；10. 美赛成绩只在网上统一公布，每个队伍一个网页（到时会给） ，获奖证书自己从网页上打印，没有发。11. 美赛论文没有给出具体的写作要求，本论文模板仅供参考，写作时不必完全按照，有些模块可以根据具体问题进行改动。祝大家美赛好成绩！黄丹铃2014.12.23控制页（这是去年的，比赛时老师会给）For office use only Team Control Nu
26、mber For office use onlyComment H20: 不填Comment H21: 队号Comment H22: 选题Comment H23: 不填Comment H24: 加入摘要， 所有内容在此框框内，不宜过页，摘要不要太长Comment H25: 摘要太长时，可以将这两行字去掉Team # 2457 page 7 of 8T1 _T2 _T3 _T4 _111111Problem ChosenABCF1 _F2 _F3 _F4 _2014Mathematical Contest in Modeling (MCM/ICM) Summary Sheet(Attach a copy of this page to your solution paper.)（此处写摘要）Type a summary of your results on this page. Do not includethe name of your school, advisor, or team members on this page.
