1、单元知识预览项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂，爆发2event n事件；大事3nation n民族；国家；国民national adj.国家的，民族的nationality n国籍4ruin n废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产5suffering n苦难；痛苦 suffer v受苦，遭受6extreme adj.极度的extremely adv.7injure vt.损害；伤害 injured adj.受伤的injury n伤害，损害8destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭来源：9 useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的useful
2、 (反义词 )use v. laughter Btears; laughing Ctears; laughter Dcrying; laughing B 考查动词短语的用法。burst into 与 burst out 意思相近，但搭配不同；burst into 后跟名词；而 burst out 后加 doing。句意：她一会哭，一会笑的，不管什么时候，我们都不能理解她的情绪。故选 B2.Roses humor was_ make every student burst into_.Aso amused as tolaughter Bso amusing as to laughterCsuch
3、 thatlaughing D so that laughing【答案】B完成句子3.After that, he _(突然大哭起来)4.There came _(一阵笑声)5.He blew the balloon _(直到它爆裂为止 )【答案】(1)burst out crying/burst into tears (2)a burst of laughter (3)until it burst考点 2ruin n. U 毁坏；毁灭，崩溃 C(pl.) 废墟，遗迹 v. (使) 破产，(使)堕落，毁灭【教材原句】In fifteen terrible seconds a large cit
4、y lay in ruins.在可怕的 15 秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。【例句研读】(1)Drink was his fathers ruin and it will be the ruin of him too.酗酒是他父亲_的原因，他也将遭同样的_。 （1）失败; 厄运(2)Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.多年的战事已经使得这个地区_。 （2）一片废墟(3)A large number of churches fell to ruin after the revolution. 革命过后，许多教堂_。 （3）都毁了(
5、4)The heavy rain ruined our holiday.大雨把我们的假期彻底_。 （4）搞糟了(5)If you go on like this, youll ruin yourself.如果你继续这样下去，你会自己_。 （5）毁了自己【归纳拓展】in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪be the ruin of 成为毁灭(堕落) 的原因come/fall to ruin 毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉bring sb. to ruin 使某人失败；使倾家荡产bring ruin upon oneself 自取灭亡ruin oneself 自取灭亡ruin ones health/fa
6、me 毁坏某人的健康 /名誉【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成句子(1)An earthquake_(使全城到处是颓垣断壁)(leave)(2)Some prewar constructions were abandoned and eventually _(成了废墟)(3)That one mistake _ (毁坏)his chances of getting the job.【答案】(1)left the whole city in ruins (2)fell/came to ruin(3)ruined（4）His future lies _ because he was caught ste
7、aling in the shop and put into prison.Aas usual Bin ruinsCby mistake D on purpose【答案】BZ考点：考查介词短语辨析考点 3injure vt. 损害，伤害【教材原句】The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.死伤的人数达到 40 多万。【例句研读】(1)The boy injured his leg.这个男孩把腿_。 （1）弄伤了(2)Your remark may injure her pride.你的话也
8、许会_。 （2）伤她的自尊(3)I didnt mean to do her an injury.我并未打算_她。 （3）伤害【归纳拓展】injury n. 伤，伤口；伤害 injured adj. 受伤的，受委屈的do an injury to sb.伤害某人 the injured 伤员an injured look/expression 委屈的样子/表情 injured pride/feelings 受到伤害的自尊/ 情感【即时巩固】用 wound, hurt 或 injure 的适当形式填空(1)His cold behaviour _ her deeply.(2)The bullet
9、_ him in the shoulder.(3)He was _ in the accident.(4)When the girl learned that her boyfriend was _ in the earthquake, she _Ainjured; burst in tearBkilled; burst out tearsCstill alive; burst into tearsDmissing; burst into laughter【答案】(1)hurt (2)wounded (3)injured（4）C 考查词语辨析及 burst 短语的用法。句意：当女孩听说她男朋友
10、在地震中还活着，她喜极而泣。burst into tearsburst out crying。be injured 指“被伤害” ；be killed 指“被杀死”；missing 指 “丢失的，丧失的” 。根据语境应选C。考点 4shock n. U；C打击；震惊；震动；休克 vt. 使震惊，使惊愕【教材原句】People were shocked.人们惊呆了。【例句研读】(1)The news of his wifes death was a terrible shock to him.他妻子去世的消息_。 （1）对他打击太大了(2)He was shocked at her smokin
11、g.看到她在吸烟，他很_。 （2）吃惊(3) It shocked me to see how my neighbours treated their children.看到邻居们如何对待孩子，我感到_。 （3）震惊【归纳拓展】be shocked at/by (doing) sth. 被震惊be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事It shocked sb. to see/hear.看见/ 听到使某人震惊。(be) a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个打击提示：shocked adj. 感到惊奇的，惊讶的(主语多为人)shocking adj. 令人气愤的，令人惊讶的(
12、主语多为物)【即时巩固】(1)_ the sight.这情景使我大为震惊。(2)If you touch a live wire, _如果你摸带电的线，就会触电。(3)The message _这条消息使他震惊。(4)The _ news made all the people present _. Ashocking; shocking Bshocking; shockedCshocked; shocking Dshocked; shocked（5）Have you heard of _ death of Steven Jobs? Yes. It must be_ shock to Appl
13、e fans.Athe; the Ba; the Cthe; a Da; /【答案】(1)I am/was shocked at/by(2)you will get a shock (3)makes/made him shocked（4）B（5）C 考查冠词题。第一格特指乔布斯的死；第二格 a shock 是指一件令人惊讶的事情。考点 5bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏【教材原句】The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。【
14、例句研读】(1)He was sitting with his head buried in a book.他坐着_。 （1）埋头看书(2)He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pockets.他走得很慢，两手_。 （2）插在衣袋里(3)After the divorce, she buried herself in her work.离婚后，她_。 （3）埋头于工作【归纳拓展】bury oneself in study 埋头研究bury oneself in (doing) sth. 专心致力于 (做)某事be buried in thought
15、s 沉思bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面be buried alive 被活埋；隐居提示：表示“专心于，致力于”意义的短语还有：be devoted to, be addicted to, be absorbed in 等。【即时巩固】1. _ in thought, I didnt notice what was happening.AHaving buried BBurying CBuried DTo be buried【答案】C考点：考查形容词用法2.【2014 届四川省绵阳市南山中学高三 12 月月考】_ deep down in the earth
16、for thousands of years, the dead forest has rotted away and become coalAHaving buried BBeing buriedCBuried D To be buried【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：被埋在了泥土中数万年，死亡的森林已经腐烂变成了煤。动作 bury 与其逻辑主语 the dead forest 是被动关系，故用过去分词作原因状语，选 C。考点：考查过去分词的用法3. 【2015 届浙江余杭普通高中第二共同体高三上期中】After starting work, Cao spent his evenings
17、 _ in his books and was eventually admitted to a secondary technical school.Aburying BburiedCbeing buried D having buried【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词 句意：在开始工作后，Cao 花费晚上的时间埋头读书，最后被一所中等专科学校录取了。此题容易误选 A，spend time/money doing sth“花费时间或者钱做某事”，而此处只表示埋头读书这一状态，不强调动作，be buried in “埋头于”，做状语时省略 be 动词，答案选 B。考点 : 考查非谓
18、语动词考点 6judge v. 断定；判断；判决 n. 裁判员；法官；评判员【教材原句】Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。【例句研读】(1)Dont judge a book by its cover. Z勿_取人。 （1）以貌(2) Judging from/by his accent, he must be a southerner.根据他的口音_，他一定是个
19、南方人。 （2）判断(3)He was judged to be the best actor of this year.他_今年的最佳男演员。 （3）被评为【归纳拓展】judgment n. 判断，审判，意见，判断力 judging by/from 从上看，根据判断judge sb./sth. from/by. 从来判断 judge between right and wrong 判断是非as far as I can judge 据我判断，我认为 in ones judgement 依某人看来，按某人的看法【即时巩固】1.【2014 届湖南省雅礼中学高三月考英语】_ from what s
20、he said at the meeting, she must have lied to all of us.AJudged BJudging CTo judge DJudge【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查评述性状语：句意：根据她在开会的时候说的话，她一定对我们所有的人撒谎了。Judging by/from 是评述性状语“根据来判断”，不需要考虑和后面的主语的关系，选 B。2. It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _ my friend. Aignore Bjudge Crecognize Drealize【答案】C【解析】动词辨析。A 忽视，不理睬； B 判断；C 认出；D 意识到。句意：电影院里如此黑，以至于我几乎不能认出我的朋友来。根据句意说明 C 正确。3. to be the best one in the group, she had an opportunity to enter for the final competition.AJudging BTo Judge CHaving judged DJudged
