1、My Vocabulary Briefing in Legal English 同一词语普通用语与法律用语意义不同的对比单词 普通词义 法律词义 备注accord 符合、一致 和解或和解协议 reach an accord/accord and satisfactionacquire 获得、获取 对公司的购买、收购AcquisitionM futures contract; futures marketgrace 慈悲、恩惠 宽限期 Day of grace; grace periodHonor 荣誉、信誉 对票据的承兑 Honor a billinfant 婴儿 未成年人（minor） Th
2、e contract made by an infantlimitation 限制 时效 Lapse of limitationpromotion 推广 发起设立（公司） Incorporation by promotionrealize 实现 财产的变现 Realize the security; unrealized profit;receivable 可接受的 应收 Schedule of accounts receivable; bills receivable; amount receivable.retain 保留、保持 聘请（律师、顾问等）Retain an attorneyro
3、yalty 皇族、高贵 知识产权使用费 Royalty bonus; royalty interest; royalty taxsatisfaction 满足 清偿或履行 Satisfaction by legacy; satisfaction of judgment; satisfaction of lien.survive 幸存 继续有效 This clause shall survive the termination同一意义正式与非正式的表达单词 相当于 例句affect influence affect its rightConstrue/constructionInterpret/
4、interpretationA waiver shall not be construed asConstruction of the contractdetermine Decide(法律英语中表示判决、裁决)It shall be determined with reference toThe court decided that the litigation feeDue to Because of The contract was terminated due toExclusive of excluding All rates quoted herein are exclusive
5、of tax.In accordance with According to 类似词组 pursuant to, in pursuance withforthwith immediately It shall forthwith notify the other partyProvided that but 略Real property Real estate 范围更广些，除土地及附属建筑和房屋还有其他附属的各种权益undertake promise Undertake to doAs of since This contract shall take effect as of the sai
6、d date Comply with Abide by/observe/followFailure to comply with the regulations can resultDeem(be deemed to)believe shall be deemed to be the consent of Intend to Wish toIn the event/case thatifinterim temporary Regular meetings and interim meetingsnotwithstanding Though/although一词多义:Advise释义：advis
7、e 在法律英语中有两个常用意思：律师等法律工作者提供法律建议，如The partner of the law firm advised the Manager on various specialist legal issues。该律师事务所的合伙人就各种专业法律问题向经理提出了法律建议。通知，相当于 notify 或 inform，如The use of advise in the sense of “inform, notify,” was restricted to business correspondence and legal contexts. Thus one may say
8、the suspects were advised of their rights, but it would be considered pretentious to say youd better advise your friends that the date of the picnic has been changed。advise 表示“通知，告知”的这种用法局限地用于商业往来及法律情况。因此可以说嫌疑犯被告知他们所具有的权利， 但是你最好通知你的朋友，野餐的日期有所改变，这种说法被认为是做作的。Deposit释义：deposit 在法律英语中通常最常用的意思有两个：存款，这是他在
9、普通英语和法律英语都很常见的意思，既可作名词也可作动词，如He has a deposit of 10,000yuan in ICBC。他在工商银行有 1 万元的存款。People tend to deposit their idle money in the bank。人们喜欢把不用的钱存到银行。定金，保证金，相当于 earnest money。根据中国的合同法，缴纳定金方违约的，定金不予返还，接收定金方违约的，应当双方返还定金。如The shop undertook to keep the goods for me provided that I paid a deposit.商店答应,
10、倘若我付定金就给我保留这批货。Discharge释义：discharge 在法律英语中的常用含义有两个：履行，侧重于对具体义务的履行，相当于 fulfill，如He discharged his obligations after the call of the creditors。他在债权人的督促下，才履行了自己的义务。免除，即免除他人的义务或债务。His liability to pay the loan to the bank was discharged due to his bankruptcy。他对银行的借款偿还义务因其破产而免除。从上面两个例子可以看出，discharge 的两个
11、含义是截然相反的，因此，我们在理解和翻译它的含义时，应当放到上下文中，不能望文生义。一般来说，如果主语是自己（如例证 1） ，就理解为履行，动作由别人发出（如例证 2） ，则理解为免除。draft释义：draft 在法律英语中通常有两个含义，一个是起草，如 draft a law 起草法律，draft a contract 起草合同等。另一个意思是汇票，如承兑汇票也可以是honor a draft，开具汇票可以说是 issue a draft 等。execute释义：execute 是法律英语中常用也是比较容易出错的单词，通常理解为合同的签订等。如 the contract shall tak
12、e effect upon its execution 合同自签订之日起生效。很多人容易把它理解为执行，这是错误的。但 execution 的确有执行、履行的意思，如果它与表示一段的时间状语连用，那肯定是执行、履行的意思，如 in the course of the execution of the contract 在合同履行过程中。issue释义：issue 的意思是签发，如 issue an order 签发命令， issue a notice 签发通知，issue stock 发行证券， issue a draft 开具汇票等。用作名词时，意思是争点、争议点，即当事人之间关于事实或法律
13、的争议事项，如 issue at/in law 法律上的争点，issue of fact 事实上的争点等。representation释义：representation 在法律英语中有两个含义，一是代表，如representation by counsel 由律师代表，一个是陈述，通常和 warranty 连用，出现在合同中，representation and warranty 为合同的“陈述与保证条款” 。underwrite释义:underwrite 在法律英语中有两个常见含义，一是承保、给保险，如underwrite the goods in transit 为运输途中的货物承保，另外
14、一个意思是证券承销、报销，如 underwriting agreement 证券承销协议，underwriting spread 承销差价等。settlement释义：settlement 在法律英语中的常见含义是和解，如 reach a settlement达成和解，settlement out of court 庭外和解。另外， settlement 也可作账目的结算，如 settlement of an account 账目结算，settlement date 交割日等。term释义：term 在法律英语中有两个常见含义，一是期限，如 term of office 任期，term of
15、the contract 合同有效期，另外一个是条件，如 term of the purchase购买条件，terms and conditions 条件及条款等。withdraw释义：withdraw 有两个常用意思，一是支取、提款，如 withdraw money from the bank 从银行提款，另一个意思是撤回、撤销，如 withdraw an offer 撤回邀约，withdraw a charge 撤回指控，withdraw from criminal activities 推出犯罪活动等。withhold释义：withhold 在法律英语中有两个常见含义，一是扣付，如 wi
16、thhold tax 代扣税款，另外一个是拒绝（公开、给予等） ，如 withhold consent 不同意，withhold sentence 不予判刑等。习惯用法joint and several释义：joint and several 是一个常用词组，意思是连带的，如 joint (and several ) liability 连带责任，又如 a warranty，representation，undertaking, indemnity, covenant or agreement on the part of two or more persons binds them jointly and severally.两人或两人以上对其所作的保证、陈述、承诺、赔偿、约定或协议负有连带责任。null and void释义：void 的意思是无效的，常常和 null 连用，即 null and void 无效，如an act in conflict of law shall be null and void 与法律冲突的行为无效。Void contract 无效合同，void marriage 无效婚姻，void legacy 无效遗嘱，void release无效弃权等。
