1、Section II Learning about the language一、课前预习I. 重点短语1. 没有用 _2. 释放出，发出 _3. 保护、 、 、免受危险 _4. 在、 、 、 、 、 、重力下 _5. 因为健康原因 _6. 在我们需要的时候帮助我们 _7. 提及，谈到，涉及 _8. 搭建挡风避雨之处 _9. 听到这个消息很震惊 _II. 完成句子：用上面的短语完成下列句子。1. The whole nation _that such a number of people died in the Wenchuan Earthquake.全国人民听到在汶川地震中这么多人遇难的消息都
2、很震惊。2. I am sorry to say that Professor Li will not come to our meeting _.很遗憾地告知大家，由于健康原因，李教授将不能出席我们的会议。3. The next day people _for survivors in the open air made with anything they could find第二天人们在户外用能够找到的任何东西 为幸存者搭起遮风挡雨之处。4. The dam cracked and then burs t _of the water.在水的重力下， 大坝出现裂缝，紧跟着决堤了。5. He
3、 is so stubborn that it is _to talk with him any more.他很倔强，因此再跟他谈也无济于事。7. Before long , some information _ and then discussed at yesterdays meeting will come out.很快，昨天会上所谈及到，之后进行讨论过的一些信息就会公布的。7. So good and considerate is that young volunteer that he is always ready to _.那位年轻的志愿者如此之好和善解人意，以至于乐意在人们需要
4、时为他们提供帮助。8 Parents are always trying their best to _their children_.父母总是在尽全力挽救自己的孩子摆脱远离危险。二、语法突破：定语从句(限制性定语从句)：关系代词 that, who, which, whose, as 的使用（1）定语从句的定义： 在复合句中，修饰_或_的从句叫做定语从句。被该从句所修饰的词叫做_. 它指代_, 在从句中充当_、_、_、表语, 或者状语。（2）定语从句的结构：形式上： 先行词（名词或代词）+关系词（关系代词或关系副词）+ 从句（3）引导定语从句的连接词即关系词。分为两种，主要取决于先行词在从句
5、中所充当的成分。关系词指代先行词，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语时，使用关系代词，有_, _, _, _, _, _。关系词指代先行词，在从句中充当_时， 使用关系副词，充当地点状语，使用_; 时间状语，使用 _; 原因状语，使用_.归纳总结：即境活用（1）A huge crack _was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.(2) Later that afternoon another big quake _was as strong as the first
6、 shook Tangshan.(3) The number of people _ were killed or injured reached more than 400.000.(4) The army organized teams to dig out those _were trapped and to bury the dead.(5) Workers built shelters for survivors_ homes had been destroyed.(6) This frightened boy _mother was lost in this disaster is
7、 looking for her now.(7) A number of children _parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities.(8) Several days later most of the buildings _had been damaged were repaired.(9) He said that he wanted to buy the same sports shoes_ I was wearing yesterday.(10) Our present
8、headmaster is such a wise man _will develop our potential to the full.补充内容：常使用关系代词 that 替代 who, whom , which 的情况主要有四种：先行词本身； 先行词前的修饰语； 先行词在从句中的句法作用； 避免重复（1）先行词本身是：不定代词 all, everything 等时，常使用关系代词 that 既含有人又有物时，必须使用关系代词 that All that glitters is not gold闪光的并不一定都是金子。She mentioned the things and the per
9、sons that she had seen abroad.她提起了她在国外所见到的人和事 。（2）先行词前的修饰语是：形容词的最高级、序数词、不定代词、the only, the very 时，常使用关系代词 thatThis is one of the best films that I have ever seen.这是我所看到的最好的影片之一。This is the very book that I am looking for.我要找的正是这本书。There is still much work that remains to be done.仍有许多有待于去做的工作。（3）先行词在
10、从句中充当表语时， 常使用关系代词 that（1 关系代词 who 指人，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语(2) 关系代词 whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语(3) 关系代词 which 指物，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语(4) 关系代词 that 指人或物，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语(5) 关系代词 whose 指人或物，在定语从句中充当定语(6)关系代词 as 指人或物，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语，必须在固定结构中使用，即：先行词被 as, so, such 或 the same 修饰限定的时候。(7) 关系代词 who, whom, which, that 在定语从句中充当宾语时，
11、可以省略(8) 关系代词 whose 可以转换为： of which/ of whomChina is no longer the country that it used to be.中国不再是过去的样子了。（4）先行词是 who 或 which 时,为了避免重复,常使用 thatWho that has such a large and beautiful house doesnt love it?拥有这么大而且漂亮房子的人怎么会不喜欢它呢？三、课后自测（一）基础知识自测 I. 单词拼写1. What a _(令人恐惧的) night it was! It rained heavily w
12、ith loud thunder.2. I wish to _(表达) my thanks for the great efforts you have taken to help us.3. _(祝贺) to you on your winning the high school speaking competition.4. People have come to realize the importance of protecting nature, so we are happy to see an increasing number of _(骑自行车人)on the street
13、to and from work every day.5. Before you start your writing, better write an _(要点，轮廓), which helps you to organize your ideas.II 句型转换：使用定语从句把下面句子改写一下。1. That man was sleeping downstairs when the quake happened. He was woken up by the loud noise.The man _ _ _ _ was woken up by the loud noise when the
14、 quake happened.2. That boy is my classmate. He studies in the No. 1 Senior High School.That boy _ _ _ _ studies in the No 1 Senior High School.3. Do you know Xiao Mings father, a manager of a supermarket ? My father works in his supermarket now. Do you know Xiao Mings father, a manager of a superma
15、rket _ _ _ my father works now.III单项选择1. _ a small house in the distance. Lets go to see if there is someone living in it.A. It seems B. It seems to be C. There seems to be D. There seems to have2. The laboratory across the street is _, but they were very modern and beautiful a few years ago.A. in r
16、ows B. in ruins C. in number D. in detail3. He felt greatly_ to be given a chance to speak at the international conference.A. honorable B. honor C. honored D. an honor4. Much _ has been done to our natural environment.A. injury B. hurt C. harm D. destroy5. We had planned to travel to the Philippines
17、 next month, but the Typhoon Durian happening there _ our plan. A. damaged B. disturbed C. interrupted D. ruined6. The river _ are covered with trees is very long .A. whose banks B. of which banks C. whose the banks D. the bank of which7. He should have got here half an hour ago. What do you think _
18、 to him?A. has B. happens C. will happen D. might have happened8. Some visitors were _ in the traffic accidents and taken to the hospital at once.A. damaged B. injured C. destroyed D. harmed9. His speech mainly dealt with the trouble young people had _right from wrong.A. told B. telling C. to tell D
19、. to be told10. Was it in our school _was located west of the city _they met for the first time. A. where, which B. which, which C. that, that D. which, where（二）能力提升自测1. The city of Tianjin has taken some steps to solve the shortage of electricity, but it may be some time _enough power is provided t
20、o citizens.A. since B. after C. before D. unless2. Oh, Mary, I am going to _a wedding party. Will you _ as well?A. take part, take part B. take part in, take part inC. take part in, take part D. take part, take part in3. -Mom, look! I got full marks in this maths test.-Oh, great! _.A. I am so proud
21、of you B. Thats too badC. Im sorry to hear that D. Things cant be worse4. I first asked who was in _ charge of this office and later was told that it was in _ charge of Zhang Hui, the secretary here.A. the, the B. /, / C. the, / D. /, the 5. In such a stormy and cold weather, these flowers will have
22、 to be moved inside if they _.A. have survived B. would survive C. will survive D. are to survive6. Our Premier Wen Jiabao is a warm-hearted, wise and hard-working leader and _by all the people in China.A. high thought of B. highly thought of C. badly thought of D. well thought7. While doing some re
23、ading, you d better look up words _ in the dictionary.A. meanings of which B . you dont know their meaningsC. whose meanings you dont know D. whose meanings you are not known8. -How do you like our travel plan?-Wonderful, really practical. We cant think _ of it.A. very highly B. too much highly C. m
24、uch highly D. too highly9. A computer is so intelligent and useful a machine _ we can use everywhere.A. that B. as C. which D. what10. Quite a large number of other plants _ in America, such as potatoes, beans and different kinds of fruits.A. found B. was found C. are found D. were found11. -Do you
25、have anything _ you would like for your breakfast in mind?-Well, anything is OK with me. A. that B. which C. what D. where12. -How come such a simple meal like this cost us so much?-The cost of the three cups broken by you _ in your bill.A. included B. was included C. was contained D. was added13. -
26、I cant find my dog anywhere. Where did you last see him today?-It was in the street nearby the house _you lived.A. that B. which C. where D. before14. I _ my students to save as much money as possible, but they wouldnt listen.A. hoped B. insisted C. persuaded D. advised15. Going sightseeing in Japan
27、 is really unforgettable _ I spent many happy hours there with my students this summer.A. where B. because C. which D. although（三）智能拓展训练I. 阅读理解 Americans have at lease one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants and hotels. At home and abroad they make
28、 many banking services available .More and more credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to draw or save money in scattered(分散) locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon-its already here.While computers offe
29、r these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers, too. Electronic cash register can do much more than simply ring up sales, they can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goo
30、ds by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to record or return goods by suppliers can then be made. Meantime these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordi
31、ngly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaign.1. What does the “cashless society” refer to in Paragraph One?A. the society without money B. the society with many banksC. the society with available bank issued credit cardD. the society in which all Americans are given cred
32、it across the country and even abroad2. According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to_.A. cash money whenever he wishesB. enjoy greater trust from the storekeeperC. obtain more convenient services than other people doD. draw as much money from the bank as wishes3. From the last sent
33、ence of the first paragraph , we learn that_.A. nowadays many Americans do not pay in cashB. in the future all the Americans will use credit cardsC. it is now more convenient to use credit cards than beforeD. credit cards are mainly used in the United States today.4. What is the passage mainly about
34、?A. Conveniences brought about by computers in businessB. Advantages of credit cards in businessC. Significance of automation is commercial enterpriseD. Approaches to the commercial use of computersII 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We often focus on building relationships with others that
35、we forget the essential first step: being friends of ourselves._1_. How can we have good relationships with others if we dont even have good relationships with ourselves?The problem might be worse than we expect. Maybe we dont like ourselves without realizing it. Here is a simple checklist: Is there
36、 anything you dont like about yourself from these lists? Your past: Maybe you have made mistakes in the past which you feel bad about. _2_. Even if that happened in distant past, your subconscious mind still has a reason not to like yourself.Your background: You might wish that you were born in diff
37、erent family, or that you have different background._3_. They seem to get whatever they want effortlessly because of their background.Your personal traits(特点): You might have some personality traits that you dont like. For example, you may be an introvert(内向) and you dont like it; you wish you were
38、an extrovert（）.Others might have better achievements than you, and no matter how hard you tried, it might seem impossible for you to match them._4_. Is there anything that resonate(产生共鸣) with you? All these give reasons to you not to like yourself. That in turn makes it difficult for you to be a goo
39、d friend to yourself._5_. Here are some tips:1. Forgive yourself2. Accept things you cant change3. Focus on your strengths4. Write your success stories5. Stop comparing yourself with others6. Always be true to yourselfA. That is the crucial(关键) first step is we are to have good relationships with ot
40、hersB. You might then think that its because you are not smart enough or dont have enough talentsC. You can do something to improve the relationships with othersD. Fortunately, there are always things you can do to fix the situationE. You might be disappointed with yourself on why you make such mist
41、akesF. Sometimes you might not believe yourselfMaybe you could not accept the fact that you are not as lucky as othersSection II Learning about the language一、课前预习I. 重点短语1. of no use 2. give out 3. savefrom danger 4. under the weight of 5. for health reasons 6. help us in our need 7. refer to 8. buil
42、d/ put up shelters9. be shocked at the news II. 完成句子：用上面的短语完成下列句子。1. was shocked at the news 2. for health reasons 3. built shelters4. under the weight 5. of no use 6. referred to7. help people in their need 8. savefrom danger二、语法突破：(1) 名词； 代词； 先行词； 先行词； 主语； 宾语； 定语(3) that ; which; who; whom; whose;
43、 as; 状语； where; when; why即境活用（1） that/which (2) that/ which (3) who/ that (4) who (5) whose(6) whose (7) whose (8) that/ which (9) as (10) as四、课后自测（一）基础知识自测 I. 单词拼写1. frightening 2. express 3. Congratulations 4. cyclists 5. OutlineII. 句型转换1. who/ that was sleeping downstairs 2. who/ that is my class
44、mate3. in whose company III单项选择1. C. 考查 There + be 句型。在该句型中的谓语动词 be 有时可以与其他如；seem; happen; appear; remain 等动词连用，一起做谓语。句意：远处似乎有座房屋。咱们去看看是否有人住在里面。2. B. 考查短语辨析。句意：街道对面的实验室成为废墟，但是几年前却是很现代很美观的。成为废墟的表达是：in ruins. A 项是成排地。3. C. 考查 honor 的用法。用做动词时，be honored/ feel honored to do 很荣幸地去做 句意：他感到非常荣幸地有机会在国际会议上讲话
45、。4. C. 考查近义词辨析。对 危害:do harm to。句意：我们的自然环境已经遭到了很大的破坏。5. D. 考查动词“毁坏， 破坏”的辨析。damage 损坏；ruin 毁坏、破坏；disturb 扰乱；interrupt 中断，打断。句意：我们本来计划下个月去菲律宾旅游，但发生在那的那场台风毁掉了我们的计划。6. A. 考查定语从句。先行词 river 在后面的定语从句中做定语，修饰名词 banks. 句意：两岸覆盖绿树的那条河流很长。7. D. 考查动词的时态。这里所指的是：半小时前没有到达的可能存在的原因，表示过去，而且是人们的一种猜测，所以选择 D。句意：他本应该半小时前到达那里。你认为他可能怎么了？8. B. 考查动词近义词辨析。in
