1、Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsI. 完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出最佳选项。One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 1 when you are not busy finding fault with it.Several years ago I 2 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who de
2、scribed herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 3 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 4 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really _5_ person.Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to cha
3、nge her 6 . Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 7 to deal with was that the day before the 8 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 9 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other th
4、ings she felt she needed to 10 . It wasnt until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 11 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to _12_ everything so harshly (刻薄) . She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 13 as well.Perhaps mo
5、st of us arent as extreme at fault-finding, 14 when were honest, we can be sharply _15_ of the world. Im not suggesting you 16 problems, or that you pretend things are 17 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are 18 most of the time, and especially when its not a rea
6、lly big 19 .Train yourself to bite your tongue, and with a little 20 , youll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, youll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.1. A. lonely B. great C. quiet D. uneasy2. A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected3. A. threatened B. interrupt
7、ed C. bothered D. spoiled4. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing5. A. caring B. boring C. interesting D. surprising6. A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation7. A. urgent B. unnecessary C. certain D. impossible8. A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure9. A. memory B. notice C
8、. evidence D. choice10. A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit11. A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about12. A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle13. A. family B. life C. career D. education14. A. so B. or C. but D. for15. A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical16. A. face
9、B. create C. solve D. ignore17. A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse18. A. at least B. at last C. by far D. so far19. A. task B. matter C. result D. duty20. A. practice B. speech C. rest D. pityII. 阅读理解阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出最佳选项。AAstronomy is the oldest science known to man. Thousands o
10、f years ago man looked at the stars and wondered about the heavens. But man was limited by what he could see with his eyes alone.The Greeks studied astronomy over 2, 000 years ago. They could see the size, color, and brightness of stars. They could see their places in the sky. They watched the stars
11、 move as the seasons changed. But the Greeks had no tools to help them study the starry heavens.Each new tool added to the files of astronomy; it helped man reach out into space. Until there were telescopes, man knew little about the moon. They did not know that the planet called Saturn(土星) has ring
12、s around it. Their sight was so limited that they could not see all the planets. In the early 1700s, people thought there were only six planets.Before the spectroscope(分光镜), man did not know what kind of gases is in the sun or other stars. Without the radio telescope(电望远镜) we did not know that radio
13、 noises come from far out in space.Today, astronomy is a growing science. We have learned more in the last fifty years than in the whole history of astronomy.1. The passage mainly tells us that _.A. the spectroscope helps man know what kind of gases is in the sun and other starsB. there are nine pla
14、nets in spaceC. there was much noise in spaceD. science cant grow fast without modern technology2. Thousands of years ago, _.A. man watched the stars with their eyesB. telescopes helped man to study the starsC. man knew nothing about the skyD. man knew Saturn has rings around it3. When the Greeks wa
15、tched the stars, they knew all of the following except _.A. the color of the starsB. the size of the starsC. the movement of the starsD. what the stars were made of4. Man now knows _.A. the moon has rings around itB. there are six planetsC. Saturns rings can be seen by human eyesD. radio noises come
16、 from far out in spaceBAn ambitious project to establish a human colony on Mars has attracted applications from tens of thousands of would-be astronauts, just two weeks after applications opened.The mission, a private venture by the Dutch non-profit organization, Mars One, aims to send a crew to the
17、 Red Planet in 2022 and, due to the physiological change in the human body after a stay on Mars, thered be no coming back. That hasnt deterred people, though, so far, over 200,000 people have applied to become one of Mars first immigrants.This is turning out to be the most desired job in history, sa
18、ys Bas Lansdorp, co-founder of Mars One.Day-to-day life on Mars will be no picnic. The organization says that the daily routine on the planet would involve construction work on the colony (installing greenhouses,for example), maintenance of the settlements systems and research into Mars climate and
19、geological history all in an inhospitable environment with unbreathable air and an average temperature in the planets mid-latitudes of around 58 .But Mars One says it is not looking for applicants with specific skills, such as a science degree, which might be useful during an interplanetary posting.
20、 Instead, they are looking for people who have a deep sense of purpose, willingness to build and maintain healthy relationships, the capacity for self-reflection and ability to trust. They also want volunteers who are resilient, adaptable, curious, creative and resourceful. Candidates will receive a
21、 minimum of eight years training before leaving Earth, the company says.In addition to people skills, successful applicants must be good fundraisers too: Mars One plans to raise much of the missions $6 billion estimated cost through a reality TV show following the applicants as they undergo preparat
22、ions for the one-way trip to Mars.5. According to the passage,we cant know about Mars that _. A. there is no human beings living on it nowB. there is no air on itC. the mid-latitudes average temperature is lower than that on the earthD. it will lead to physiological change for human beings living on
23、 it6. The applicants will _ on Mars. A. live in coldB. get a desired jobC. do some researchD. get a large amount of money7. The applicants are not necessary to _. A. have a science degreeB. have people skillsC. be good fundraisersD. have a deep sense of purpose8. The underlined word deterred in Para
24、graph 2 means _. A. prevented B. scaredC. explained to D. informedC(2016天津) When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhoo
25、d playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more prod
26、uctive lives than those who had not. Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能 力 ) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society, said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心 理 学 家 ) who made the discovery. And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good abo
27、ut them.Vaillants study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the mens mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to
28、 deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times les
29、s likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working at any age is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence the underpi
30、nnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isnt everything. As Tolstoy once said, One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and h
31、ow to love, to work for the person one loves and to love ones work.9. What do we know about John?A. He enjoyed his career and marriage.B. He had few childhood playmates.C. He received little love from his family.D. He was envied by others in his childhood.10. Vaillants words in Paragraph 2 serve as
32、_.A. a description of personal values and social valuesB. an analysis of how work was related to competenceC. an example for parents expectations of their childrenD. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men11. Vaillants team obtained their findings by _.A. recording the boys effort in school
33、B. evaluating the mens mental healthC. comparing different sets of scoresD. measuring the mens problem solving ability12. What does the underlined word sharp probably mean in Paragraph 4?A. Quick to react. B. Having a thin edge.C. Clear and definite. D. sudden and rapid.13. What can be inferred from
34、 the last paragraph?A. Competent adults know more about love than work.B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.D. Independence is the key to ones success.D根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to have a happy school lifeYour
35、 schooldays should be some of the best and happiest days of your life. How can you gain the most from them, and ensure you do not waste this wonderful opportunity to learn?Be positive about school. Dont say things are difficult or boring. 14 Join in lots of activities. Go round the school with a big
36、 smile.Expect to work. School is not a holiday camp. If you are not working, you are wasting your time at school. Teachers cannot make everything enjoyable.Keep fit. If you do not eat a good breakfast, you will be thinking about food in class. If you go to bed late and do not have enough sleep, you
37、will be sleepy in class. 15 Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. 16 If you get behind the class, it is very difficult to get back in front. You cannot finish a race if you rest all the time.17 Everyone will fail in some tests, lose some matches and have bad days. Dont make small proble
38、ms seem very big and important.Set study targets. 18 Try to make progress bit by bit. Think of small targets: I will speak in class four times this week. or I will get two more marks this week.Follow my advice, and have a happy school life!A. No pains, no gains.B. We are expected to get a perfect sc
39、ore.C. If your last grade was a D, work for a C.D. Do not say you will do things tomorrow.E. Play some sports to keep your body strong.F. Be interested in school-life and your school subjects.G. Dont be too disappointed if things sometimes go badly.III. 语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Cheng
40、du has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62 (allow) to get up close to the
41、se cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a sp
42、ecial unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been
43、 rejected by 68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70 other is with mum she never suspects.IV. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/)，并在其下面写出该加的词；删除：把多余的词用斜
44、线() 划掉；修改：在错词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者( 从第 11 处起)不计分。When I was a child, I hoped to live in city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the deve
45、lopment of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If
46、 we fail to do so, well live to regret it.V. 书面表达最近，你们班就中学生能否骑电动自行车上学进行了一次讨论。现在，请你根据下表中的讨论记录，结合你自己对此事的看法，用英语为校报写一篇短文。赞成 1. 出行方便；2. 节约时间。反对 1. 易出事故；2. 成本昂贵。你的观点 写作要求：1. 文章中不得出现个人真实信息；2. 词数 100 左右；3. 可以适当增加细节，使文章行文连贯。_I. 完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，通过毒舌的女孩 Kerry 的经历让我们意识到学着放手，才能让自己的世界变得美好。1. B A.lonely 孤独的；B.g
47、reat 伟大的，棒的；C.quiet 安静的；D.uneasy 不舒服的。世界上最简单的事情就是成为一个挑错者，然而，当你不忙于找错误时人生可以变得很棒。故选 B。2. A A.received 接受，收到；B.answered 回答；C.expected 期望；D.rejected 排斥。几年以前，我收到一个来自 17 岁的女孩 Kerry 的信。故选 A。3. C A.threatened 威胁；B.interrupted 打扰；C.bothered 麻烦，困扰；D.spoiled 娇惯。这个叫做 Kerry 的女孩说自己是一个世界级的找错者，她总是被各种事情困扰着。故选 C。4. D A.anything 任何事；B.everything 每一件事；
