1、英语必修 5 人教新课标 Unit 1 同步单词详解导学案（1）及练习（含答案）必修 5 Unit 1 Great scientists核心单词1. characteristicn.特色；特性；典型adj.特有的，表示特性的；典型的Kindness is one of his characteristics.和善是他的特性之一。A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.骆驼的一个特点是不喝水也能活很长时间。He proved himself a true gentlema
2、n and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others. （201001山东德州检测）A. Characteristic B. characterC. Appearance D. temper 解析:选B。句意为：他证明自己是个真正的绅士 ，和别人一起工作的时候，他的性格总表现出最好的一面。character作名词时，表示“性格；特点”，一般是不可数名词；characteristic是可数名词，常用复数形式，表示“总的特点”。易混辨析character/characteristic character n.
3、性格，品质（本身具有的） ；角色，人物；字体，字符characteristic n. 特点，特征（用以区别于其他事物的）高手过招 单项填空2. defeat vt.击败；打败；使（计划、希望）落空Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0.我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。He was defeated in his plan.他的计划失败了。易混辨析defeat/conquer/overcome三个词都含有“战胜”、 “击败”的意思。 defeat指“赢得胜利”，尤其指军事上的胜利，如： defeat the enemy(打败敌人) 。conquer指“征服;战
4、胜”,尤其指获得对人、物或感情的控制，如：conquer nature （征服自然） 。overcome指“战胜；压倒；克服”，尤其指“感情”，如：overcome difficulties（克服困难） 。defeat/beat/ win defeat, beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜,打败(对手)”, 后接竞争对手。如： beat the competitor/the country/the team .打败对手/国家/ 团队win也表示“战胜,赢得”,但它的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊重、崇拜之类意义的词。如：win a race/a battle/a war/a scholar
5、ship/a prize/a medal/success/friendship/reward .赢得比赛/战役/战争/奖学金/奖品/奖章/ 成功/友谊/ 奖赏高手过招 选词填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win） （原创）By not working hard enough you your own purpose.Some countries may be but can never be .Who is the drum?He the first prize in the writing contest.答案:defeated defeated; conqueredbeati
6、ng won3. attend v. 注意；留意；处理( 与to连用 )=do with；出席；到场；照看；照料=take care=look after常用结构：attend school/college 上学/ 上大学attend a lecture/meeting 听讲座/ 出席会议attend a wedding/ceremony 出席婚礼/参加典礼attendan ce n. 出席；出席的人数；伺候；照料Well attend to the problem later. 稍后我们将关注这个问题。Which doctor is attending you? 哪个医生为你看病?高手过招翻
7、译句子 （原创）他们在我们不在时管理事务。他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。答案：They attended our affairs during our absence.He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.4. exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光，常与介词to连用，表示“使暴露于（日光、风雨等） ；受到风险；使面临”。常用结构：expose sth./sb./oneself (to .) 显露或暴露于 be exp
8、osed to 暴露于Dont expose it to the rain/wind.别让它被雨淋/ 风吹。The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemys fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敌人的火力之下。The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve. 对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。 高手过招 用expose的适当形式填空（原创）In summer, the sun can be very harmful to your sk
9、in.The soil was washed away by the flood, bare rock. 答案: being exposed to exposing 5. curevt.&n. 治愈，治疗；常用于“cure sb. of .”结构中。The doctor cured her of a bad cold.医生治好了她的重感冒。It is possible to cure the sickness.治愈这种疾病是可能的。易混辨析cure/treat/heal/recovercure意为“治疗；治愈”，多用于指药物治疗并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习气。treat为日常用语，意为 “治疗；
10、医治”，指治疗病人的全过程或活动。heal意为“治愈（伤口） ；医治 ”， 指治好外伤或烧伤后的部位，使伤口愈合，不用于指治疗感冒等疾病。recover意为“痊愈,复原”，主要是指从病中痊愈了，常与from连用。That pill cured my headache.那种药片治好了我的头疼。That will cure him of his bad habits.那将改正他的坏习惯。There are only two doctors to treat more than 50 patients.只有两名医生来治疗50多个病人。The wound on my arm has healed.我胳
11、膊上的伤已痊愈了。Hes now fully recovered from his bad cold.他现在已完全从重感冒中康复了。高手过招 完成句子 （原创）盘尼西林治好了他的肺炎。Penicillin his pneumonia.事故后卡车司机的擦伤得到了治疗。After the accident, the lorry driver for cuts and bruises.他手指上的伤口很快愈合了。The cut on his finger quickly.答案：cured him of was treated healed6. absorbvt. 吸收；吸引；吸收（液体，气体，光，声等
12、） ；汲取，理解（知识等） ；使全神贯注；吸引（注意等） ，后常接介词in/by；合并（公司等） ；吞并；常接介词into；承受；经受。联想拓展absorbed adj. 精神集中的absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的absorb from sth. 从中吸收be absorbed in 专心于，全神贯注于Cotton gloves absorb sweat. 棉手套吸汗。 So many good ideas! Its too much for me to absorb all at once. 这么多好主意！我很难一下子完全吸收。The old man was completely
13、absorbed in the book.老人全神贯注地读这本书。The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city. 四周的小城镇已并入到这座城市中。 高手过招 完成句子 （原创）那个人因为看报纸太入神而撞到了墙上。 ，the man walked into a wall.他们聚精会神地看着电视里的表演，舍不得离开。They were the show on television that they found it hard to pull away.答案：Deeply absorbed in the newspaper
14、so deeply absorbed in watching 【课后作业设计】完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Im an operating engineer, running crane(起重机) in New York City. I was in the countryside, playing golf when we got the call that a plane had 1 the World Trade Centre. We checked out of the hotel immediately and start
15、ed 2 our way downtown. When I got home, I called the rescue center and they told me to come 3 and get on the 4 list.The next morning I went down to the 5 at about 5 a.m., and four hours later I 6 the call to come down to West Street. I called my wife and told her not to 7 me, and that I would stay i
16、n 8 with her. I took the subway. It stopped at West Fourth Street, so I had to 9 the rest of the way.And somewhere in there I became frightened that I was going into something I 10 . I once worked there in 1966 for the 11 of the World Trade Centre. On halfway on September 12, I was frightened to see
17、 the World Trade Centre was a huge pile, maybe ten stories 12 . And it was burning. I started to ask 13 in which my crane might be 14 a whistle blew suddenly warning us of some danger. I saw people running away and I really didnt know what to do. So I did the same, too. It was as if they had let the
18、 bulls go in 15 and we were running through the street. People falling down, people 16 them up as they came by, and carrying them, just to get them out of the way, because something was extremely 17 . I didnt even look back. We stopped running when we got to the Battery Tunnel, and I caught my 18 an
19、d said, “Oh, my God, Im going to 19 .”Then I settled down a little bit, thinking about what we should do next. As we started again we 20 into a fire chief officer and we asked, “What can we do to help you?”1.A. landed B. reached C. hit D. passed2.A. finding B. making C. fighting D. losing3.A. away B
20、. near C. in D. down4.A. volunteer B. soldier C. police D. fireman5.A. company B. hotel C. center D. home6.A. answered B. made C. heard D. got7.A. miss B. forget C. stop D. expect8.A. peace B. touch C. silence D. anger9.A. walk B. complete C. cancel D. smooth10.A. built B. met C. designed D. had11.A
21、. construction B. plan C. destruction D. use12.A. thick B. long C. tall D. deep13.A. ways B. numbers C. position D. directions14.A. as B. why C. when D. because15.A. America B. Spain C. Japan D. Australia16.A. pushing B. giving C. holding D. picking17.A. dangerous B. distinct C. safe D. important18.A. view B. sight C. breath D. sense19.A. leave B. die C. remain D. work20.A. turned B. ran C. got D. put【参考答案】完形填空15 CBDAC 610 DDBAA 1115 ACDCB 1620 DACBB
