1、基础自主梳理考点分层突破单元能力提升,Unit 1,Friendship,专题13,正反解读主谓一致和数词,正面解读反面解读实战演练,1. 2016全国卷 Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _(be) often acceptable.,【答案】 is 本句是动名词短语作主语,因此谓语动词使用单数形式。,高考链接,2. 2016全国卷 Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and_ (be) too violent for use at the tabl
2、e.,【答案】 were 此句是并列句,宾语从句的主语是knives,因此be应用复数形式,再结合前半句“Confucius believed knives would remind”可知填be的过去式were。,3. 2015湖南卷变式 It is important to remember that success_ (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often _(take) years to achieve.,【答案】 is; takes and连接的是两个并列谓语,其主语都是不可数名词success,故谓语都用单数形式。句意:
3、重要的是要记住,成功是每天的细小努力汇集而成的,常常需要多年的努力来达成。,4. 2014湖南卷变式 All we need_ (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.,【答案】 is 句意:我们所需要的只是一小块在一年的成长季节里能够种植各种各样的果树的土地。all作主语时,如指复数概念,动词用复数;如指单数概念,动词用单数。根据后面的a small piece of land可知这里表示单数概念。
4、,5. 2013福建卷变式 The famous musician, as well as his students, _(invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.,【答案】 was invited as well as, together with, like等介词或介词短语连接并列主语时, 谓语动词应与介词或介词短语之前的主语保持一致。 此句复合介词前的主语是musician, 故谓语用单数。,考点一 主谓一致 规则1意义一致原则 The writer and teacher Smi
5、th has gone through millions of ups and downs since he moved to Sydney. 既是作家又是教师的史密斯自从搬到悉尼经历了无数的成败。 Many a large and big business has been built up from small ones. 很多大企业都是从小规模发展起来的。 Only 60 per cent of the work was done yesterday. 昨天只干了60%的活。,考点归纳,Every boy and every girl is asked to be at the scho
6、ol gate before 7:30 tomorrow morning. 所有男女生要求明天早上7:30之前在学校门口集合。 温馨提示 由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念,兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体),谓语动词用单数。 “no/each/every+单数名词+and+no/each/every+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。 非谓语动词作主语,谓语动词用单数。 表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语,看作一个整体时,谓语动词用单数。 many a/more than one+单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。,规则3 语法一致原则 The majority of visitor
7、s were in favour of his conclusion that the number of books published on the subject was simply surprising. 大多数的访客都支持他的结论:在这个主题方面出版的书的数量真是令人惊讶。 With more and more forests being destroyed,a large quantity of good earth is being washed away each year. =With more and more forests being destroyed,quanti
8、ties of good earth are being washed away each year. 随着越来越多的森林被破坏,每年有大量的沃土被冲走。 主语后跟有with,together with,as well as,like,but,except,along with,rather than,including,in addition to等附属成分时,谓语动词的数要与其前面的主语保持一致。,温馨提示 主语和谓语通常遵循语法一致的原则,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。 a quantity of接名词时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。quantit
9、ies of后接复数名词、不可数名词,后面的谓语动词都用复数形式。 由“kind (form,type,sort,species,portion,series)of”等修饰的主语,其谓语形式常取决于这些词的单复数。 主语后跟有with,together with,as well as,like,but,except,along with,rather than,including,in addition to等附属成分时,谓语动词的数要与其前面的主语保持一致。,考点二 数词 数词分为基数词、序数词、分数、小数和概数。 规则1 表示事物数量的多少,特别是hundred,thousand,mill
10、ion, billion等,前面若有基数词或某些表示数量的形容词时,它们只能用单数形式;在表示不确切数目时,它们用复数,且后面加of再加所修饰的名词。two hundred people;millions of people。 规则2 序数词一般由“基数词+th”构成。以y结尾的基数词构成序数词时,先把y变为i,再加eth。如twentieth; fiftieth。常用的不规则的序数词有first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth。序数词前通常要加定冠词the,但序数词不表示顺序而表示“再一,又一”时,前面要用不定冠词a/an。,规则3
11、 年代的表达是“the+年代-s”或“the+年代-s”。 规则 4 分数的表达是分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于“1”时,分母要用复数形式。,误区之一 名词作主语时谓语动词单复数的误用 【误】 My dream school look like a big garden. 【正】 My dream school looks like a big garden. 分析 look改为looks。主语my dream school是单数，故谓语也应该用单数。,误区之二 非谓语动词或从句作主语时主谓一致的误用 【误】 What I liked best were the free highsp
12、eed Internet connection in the room. 【正】 What I liked best was the free highspeed Internet connection in the room. 分析 were改为was。名词性从句作主语时，谓语用单数。,误区之三 “就近”与“就远”原则主谓一致的误用 【误】 The teacher, as well as his students, are going to see the film this afternoon. 【正】 The teacher, as well as his students, is go
13、ing to see the film this afternoon. 分析 are改为is。当as well as连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词与前面的名词的形式保持一致。,【误】 Not only my parents but also I are good at dancing and singing. 【正】 Not only my parents but also I am good at dancing and singing. 分析 are改为am。not onlybut also连接主语时，谓语遵守就近一致原则。,误区之四 倒装句的主谓一致错误 【误】 Among all my
14、 friends are a special one Im most thankful to. 【正】 Among all my friends is a special one Im most thankful to. 分析 are改为is。此句是倒装句，主语a special one是单数，故谓语也用单数。,. 单句填空 1. Large quantities of water, as well as some other timely help including a medical team, _(offer) since the serious drought hit Yunnan
15、Province.,【答案】 have been offered,2Strangely enough，a pair of new trousers _(find) in a pile of rubbish yesterday.,【答案】 was found,3Nothing but some ancient Chinese coins _(find) in the sunken ship since they began the exploration.,【答案】 has been found,4. A survey shows that four hours of exercise ever
16、y week _ (be) good for our health.,【答案】 is,5The murderer, together with his two brothers，_(sentence) to death just now.,【答案】 was sentenced,6. Many a student _(select) to take part in the English competition,and more than one teacher has coached them on speaking and writing.,【答案】 was/has been selecte
17、d,7Lots of money_(spend) on the bridge, which was expected to be completed the next month.,【答案】 was spent,8The following _(be)some simple tips that help parents create a reader-friendly home for themselves and their children.,【答案】 are,9It is you, rather than he, that_(be) to blame for the accident.,
18、【答案】 are,10. Between the two rows of trees _(stand) our teaching building, which is made of stones and red bricks.,【答案】 stands,11The drug used to treat this disease causes side effects, some of which _ (be) deadly.,【答案】 are,12. Atlanta, as well as many other big cities, _ (be) once again becoming on
19、e of the commercial and cultural centres of the USA right now.,【答案】 is,13. As a result of the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area_(need) rebuilding now.,【答案】 need,14The number of new energy vehicles in Chinas cities _(expect) to reach 39，000 by the end of this month, according to
20、Wan Gang, Chinese Minister of Science and Technology.,【答案】 is expected,15A great number of children whose parents had died in the earthquake_(send) to live with families in other cities.,【答案】 were sent,. 单句改错 12017全国卷 Fast food are full of fat and salt.,【答案】 are改为is,22016浙江卷 He would ask who we was
21、and pretend not to know us.,【答案】 was改为were,3I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had taken together.,【答案】 picture改为pictures,4When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits.,【答案】 cup改为cups,5. Tom as well as two of his fri
22、ends were invited to the party yesterday.,【答案】 were改为was,. 语法填空It seemed like another ordinary day. My family and I had decided to spend the day on the beach. I sat in the sun 1._(watch) the children playing. I was just going to have a swim 2._ I noticed a strange object in the sea. 3._my horror, I
23、realized the “object” was a child drowning.,【文章大意】 作者和家人在海滨度假时,救了一个溺水的男孩。 1.watching 考查非谓语动词。v-ing作伴随状语。 2.when 考查固定句型。be doing sth when 正在做某事,这时。 3.To 考查介词。to ones horror 令人感到惊恐的是。,Without hesitation I jumped into the water and 4._(grab) the child. With my free arms I swam back to the shore. The ch
24、ild, 5._ was a boy of about five, was like a deadweight but I felt powered by a superhuman strength.,【答案】 4.grabbed 考查动词时态。 and连接的是并列结构,根据and前的动词jumped可知,此处也应该是动词过去式。 5.who 考查定语从句。先行词为the child, 在定语从句中作主语,因此用who。,I laid the unconscious boy 6._(gentle) on the ground and gave him first aid, which brou
25、ght him back to life immediately. A large crowd gathered and someone told me an ambulance was on its way. By the time the ambulance arrived, to my great relief, the boy was sitting up and talking.,【答案】 6.gently 考查副词。修饰动词laid,应该用副词。,The boys parents were 7._(delight) with his quick 8._(recover). They
26、 telephoned me later to thank me. I recommend that all students in school learn how to swim. Id also like 9._(remind) everyone to take care near the sea, rivers or swimming pools. You can drown much 10._(easily) than you think.,【答案】 7.delighted 考查形容词。be delighted with (人)感到高兴的是。 8.recovery 考查名词。形容词quick修饰名词recovery。 9.to remind 考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth 愿意做某事。 10.more easily 考查副词比较级。根据than可知应该用比较级。easily的比较级为more easily。,
