1、语法专题（三） 代词,PART TWO,第二篇 语法突破篇,【中考考点】 （1）人称代词和物主代词的不同形式及用法。 （2）反身代词和指示代词的用法。 （3）不定代词和疑问代词的用法。,考点一 人称代词,1.定义 人称代词指指代人或事物的代词,人称代词有人称、数、格的变化。详见下表:,me,us,you,you,him,she,it,they,2.用法,You can not eat your cake and have it. 鱼与熊掌,不可兼得。 Tell him to call back a little later. 告诉他过一会儿再打电话来。 Who gave out the new
2、s? 谁把消息传出去的? Its I/me.是我。,【巧学妙记】 谓语之前主格填,动/介之后宾格跟。 【注意】 it的用法 （1）可代替前面提到过的事物。 This is a watch. It is new. 这是一块手表,它是新的。 （2）指时间、季节、天气、距离等。 Its eight oclock in the evening. 现在是晚上8点钟。 Hows the weather today?今天天气怎么样? Its sunny.天气晴朗。,（3）可作形式主语或形式宾语,用于某些固定句式中。 Its+adj./n.（+for/of sb.）+to do sth.（it作形式主语） I
3、t takes/took sb. some time to do sth.（it作形式主语） sb. find/think it+adj.+to do sth.（it作形式宾语） Take it easy. 别着急。/慢慢来。（it用于固定句式中） Its time to do sth.（it用于固定句式中） Its ones turn to do sth.（it用于固定句式中） It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他.（it用于固定句式中）him three days to finish reading the book.他花了三天时间读完了那本书。 hard for me
4、the homework on time. 对我而言,按时完成作业有困难。 We think it helpful a walk after supper. 我们认为晚饭后散步有益。,Its,to finish,to have/take,It took,考点二 物主代词,1.定义 物主代词是用来表示所有关系的词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。详见下表:,mine,yours,his,its,2.用法 （1）形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,只能用于名词前作定语。 （2）名词性物主代词可单独使用,起名词的作用,代替上文已提及的名词。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。 This
5、is his computer.=This computer is his. 这是他的电脑。,【巧学妙记】 形物不孤单,常在名词前（作定语）; 名物单独用,后不跟名词（作主语、宾语、表语）。 注意 物主代词前不能再用a, an, the, this, that等词来修饰,如my book前面不能再加a。,考点三 反身代词,1.定义 反身代词表示“某人自己”。详见下表:,myself,yourselves,itself,themselves,2.用法 （1）反身代词在句中用作宾语或表语（不能单独用作主语）,和句子中的主语相呼应,表示主语动作的承受者或表现的特征是自己本身。 （2）反身代词作主语或
6、宾语的同位语,起强调主语或宾语的作用。 God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者。 I am not feeling myself today. 今天我感觉不舒服。 Mary herself worked out the problem. 玛丽自己解决了这个问题。 I want to see Bob himself.我想见鲍勃本人。,3.固定搭配 leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下随便吃/喝/用 by oneself 单独地过得快乐;玩得高兴 learn by oneself=teach oneself 自学伤害某人自己 for
7、oneself 为自己,亲自 say to oneself 心里想 make oneself at home 别拘束 lose oneself in 沉迷于 look after oneself 照顾自己 dress oneself 自己穿衣服,help oneself to,enjoy oneself,hurt oneself,考点四 指示代词,1.定义 指示代词是表示指示概念的代词,可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语。指示代词有:,2.用法 （1）this, that可用于电话用语中,this代表自己,that代表对方。 Hello! This is Jane. 喂!我是简。 Is tha
8、t Mike?你是迈克吗? Who is that?你是谁? （2）介绍他人时用“This/That is”。 Mom, this is my classmate, Li Hong. 妈妈,这是我的同学李红。,（3）it, one, that的用法区别,The food is delicious. I like it very much. 食物很可口,我很喜欢。 My sweater is very old. Ill buy a new one. 我的毛衣很旧了,我要买一件新的。 The population of the city is much larger than that of th
9、e town. 城市的人口比镇上的人口多很多。,（4）this, that, these, those的用法区别 this和these常指后面将要讲到的事物,有启下的作用;that和those常指前面已经讲到过的事物,有承上的作用。 I shall say this to you: He is an honest man. 我将对你说这一点:他是一个诚实的人。 He fell ill. That is why he didnt come. 他病了,那就是他没来的原因。 He broke the glass, and that cost him five dollars. 他打碎了玻璃,那花费了
10、他5美元。,考点五 不定代词,1.定义 不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫作不定代词。不定代词大多可以代替名词和形容词。多数可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。常见的不定代词:some, any, no, none, one, all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both, many, much, （a） few, （a） little, a lot of, lots of以及some-, any-, no-, every-与-thing, -body或-one构成的复合不定代词。,2.常用的意义相近的不定代词辨析 （1）few,
11、 a few, little与a little,I met of my friends there. 我在那里碰到了我的几个朋友。of the players played really well. 没几个球员真正打得好。 If youve got any spare milk, could you give me ? 如果你有多余的牛奶,能否给我一点儿? You have done very for us. 你几乎没为我们做什么事。,a few,Few,a little,little,Would you like ? 你想来点儿茶吗? Will you please get for me?
12、请你给我弄点儿水好吗?,（2）some与any,some tea,some water,（3）other, others, the other, the others与another,Do you have any other ideas? 你有别的想法吗? He is always ready to help . 他总是乐于帮助别人。 I have two brothers. is a doctor, and is a teacher. 我有两个兄弟。一个是医生,另一个是教师。 Five of them are in the classroom.What about ? 他们中有五个人在教室
13、里。其余的人呢? Dont lose heart.Have try. 别灰心,再试一次。,One,the other,others,the others,another,（4）each与every,Each of the students has something to do. 每个学生都有事可做。 Every one of the students in his class studies very hard. 他班上的每个学生学习都很用功。,（5）both, either与neither,He has two brothers and both of them live in Seatt
14、le. 他有两个兄弟,他们两个都住在西雅图。 My brother can write with either hand. 我弟弟用哪只手写字都行。 Mary could answer neither of the questions. 两个问题玛丽都答不上来。,（6）no one与none,Who is absent from school today? 今天谁没来上学? No one, sir.没人缺席,先生。 None of them is/are in the classroom. 他们当中没有一个人在教室里。 How many tickets for Friday are left?
15、 星期五的票还有几张? Sorry, weve got none left. 对不起,一张也没有了。,（7）many与much many表示“很多人或东西”,代表可数名词;much表示“好多”,可代表不可数的事物。 Many of the mistakes were just careless. 错误中有很多是粗心造成的。 I have no time to do much. 我没有时间做很多的事。 （8）all与both all指“三者或三者以上的人或物都”,用来代替或修饰名词。both指“两个人或物都”,用来代替名词或修饰可数名词。 I know all of the four Briti
16、sh students in their school.他们学校的四名英国学生我都认识。 Would you like this one or that one? 你要这个还是那个? Both.两个都要。,3.复合不定代词 由some-,any-,every-,no-与-one,-body,-thing构成的代词称为复合不定代词。,注意 （1）以some-和any-开头的复合不定代词的用法与some和any的用法一样。（some与any的用法见上文） Something is wrong with my ears. 我的耳朵有点毛病。 Jim, could you do something f
17、or me, please? 吉姆,请为我做点事好吗? You mustnt eat anything until you see the doctor. 在看医生之前不许吃任何东西。 （2）修饰复合不定代词的形容词要放在其后。 Is there in todays newspaper? 今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗? （3）复合不定代词作主语视为第三人称单数。 Nobody his name. 没有人知道他的名字。,anything important,knows,考点六 疑问代词,（1）who与whom who可以作句子的主语、表语或宾语;whom只能作宾语。 Who put the li
18、ght out before I finished my work? 谁在我做完作业前把灯熄灭了? Who/Whom do you usually turn to when in trouble? 当你处于困境时,通常向谁求助? （2）what与which what泛指“哪一类”;which常在具体的范围内进行选择,意为“哪一个”。 What color do you like? 你喜欢什么颜色? Which color do you like better, pink or purple? 粉红色和紫色,你更喜欢哪一种?,.单项选择 1.2018河北 Please come in, Alic
19、e. Welcome to house. A.her B.his C.my D.your 2.2017河北 Is this Kates bicycle? No, is under the tree. She put it there this morning. A.his B.hers C.mine D.yours 3.2016河北 Thanks for inviting to dinner, Nancy. I really enjoy it. A.her B.him C.you D.me 4.2015河北 My brother likes painting. Its one of hobbi
20、es. A.my B.her C.his D.your,C,B,D,C,5.2014河北 We must protect plants. They are friends of . A.we B.us C.our D.ours 6.2014河北 Do you have toys? Id like to buy for my cousin. A.it B.one C.this D.that 7.2013河北 Its a good habit of to read a few lines before going to bed. A.I B.me C.my D.mine,D,B,D,8.2013河
21、北 You dont have a drink. Can I get you ? A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 9.2012河北 Dont worry about me. Im old enough to think for . A.himself B.herself C.yourself D.myself 10.2012河北 Could you record the football game for me? I can watch later. A.it B.one C.this D.that,A,D,A,.用所给单词的适当形式
22、填空 1.2018淮安 Come on, Sam. Believe in （you）. You can work out the problem on your own. 2.2018莱芜 Teenagers should learn how to protect （they） from all kinds of danger. 3.2018徐州 Their house is just like our house, but （we） has a bigger balcony. 4.2018兰州 Though the little boy is young, he can dress （he）
23、 without anyones help. 5.2018北部湾 My cousin has a pet dog. （it） name is Wangwang.,yourself,themselves,ours,himself,Its,6.2017台州 The nice little dog waved （it） tail happily, welcoming the owner back home. 7.2018常德 Could you please tell （he） to call me back? Sure. No problem. 8. （that） blue socks look very nice. 9.We often ask （we） how we can do more for our country. 10.2018盐城 Modern Chinese Art （it） needs new works to keep it alive and moving forward.,its,him,Those,ourselves,itself,
